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Antigenics (AGEN)Stock (Biotechnology Industry, Pharma & Healthcare Industry)
 Besides its actions in the cancer vaccine market, Antigenics produces products to treat autoimmune disorders and viruses such as genital herpes. With products for these disease in clinical trials and its corporate partnerships with the likes of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Antigenics hopes to raise enough funds to fuel its company and future research and development costs.
[edit] Company OverviewThe biotechnology industry is one with fierce competition and high costs. Companies must go through rigorous FDA clinical trials before they can release a product in the U.S. These trials can take years to complete and cost companies millions of dollars, with no guarantee that the product will make it to market. Founded in 1994, Antigenics has experienced mixed results with its products. It's current productline (including those still in clinical trials) is made up of Oncophage, a cancer vaccine being tested for a range of cancers; Aroplatin, a chemotherapeuticdrug; AG-707, a vaccine for the treatment of genital herpes; and QS-21, a vaccine adjuvant which is licensed by Antigenics to a number of companies.[3]. Antigenics' revenue has increased dramatically over the past few years along with decreasing operating expenses. However, due to the large amount of spending that goes into research and development (R&D) the company has incurred large losses since 2005. The table below shows these costs and revenues for the past three years [4].
Antigenics' products can be broken down by clinical trial stage. [5]
[edit] Product Portfolio[edit] OncophageOncophage is Antigenics' most promising product. [6]Oncophage is a cancer treatment vaccine that is made specifically for each patient. It has shown very promising results in clinical trials but was rejected by the FDA during stage 3 clinical trials [7]. This prompted Antigenics to take its product overseas. After months of trials in Russia it received approval to be used in the treatment of nonmetastatic kidney cancer, making it the "first personalized cancer vaccine that will be available in any major country." [8]. Antigenics expects Oncophage to generate revenue in Russia in the 2nd half of 2008. [9] Antgenics aso plas to pursue approval in European countries.[10] Currently, the drug is produced in the Massachusetts plant and shipped to Russia. [edit] QS-21QS-21 is a vaccine adjuvant. It is added to a vaccines that are designed to strengthen the body's immune response to the vaccine's antigen, thus making it more effective.[11] QS-21 generates most of its revenue for Antigenics through corporate parnerships with companies like GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Elan, and Acambis. [12] The partnership with GSK has proven to be the most lucrative for Antigenics so far with an upfront payment of $2 million in 2007 and $5.25 million in payments through 2012 [13]. Antigenics has also received $1 million and $200,000 from Elan and Acambis, respectively.[14] Antigenics will continue to receive royalties on products that contain QS-21 that may be released in the future by these companies. [edit] AG-707AG-707 has the potential to Antigenics' first product using its heat shock protein technology. Antigenics' aims to treat genital herpes with this vaccine, which is currently in Phase 1 clinical trials in the U.S. [edit] AroplatinAroplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug targeting colorectal cancer, which is similar to Sanofi Aventis' Eloxatin.[15] The drug is currently in Phase 2 clinical trials and has shown a 50% increase in survival rate in control animals.[16] [edit] Trends and Forces[edit] Research and Development Has High Costs and Low Success RatesIn order to release a drug or vaccine in the U.S. a company must undergo clinical trials by the FDA. The process consist of four main phases; Pre-clinical, Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3..[17] These trials may also cost upwards of $500 million. A typical trial may last several years and the success rate is only 8% for experimental cancer treatments.[18] If Antigenics is not able to obtain approval for its drugs, it will not be able to enter the U.S. market. [edit] Success of Certain Products Depends on 3rd Party AgreementsAntigenics relies on 3rd party agreements with companies like GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) , Elan (ELN) and Acambis for revenue from QS-21. The amount of revenue generated by QS-21 thus depends on the success or failure of these companies' products. [edit] Oncophage's Emergence in Russia May Promote CompetitionWith Oncophage being approved in Russia, companies with similar treatments may decide to release drugs in Europe or Russia before applying for FDA approval. This may cause an increase in competition for Antigenics' products, decreasing sales and revenue. [edit] "Big Pharma" Companies Are Looking into Cancer VaccinesBig Pharma companies such as GSK, Merck, and Sanovi-aventis that were not previously interested in cancer vaccine research have begun to buy the rights to cancer vaccines that have been developed by smaller companies. This may lead to more competition for Antigenics or the acquirement of its products by a larger company.[20] [edit] CompetitionThe main competition for Antigencs in the cancer vaccines market are the companies, Dendreon (DNDN),Cell Genesys (CEGE) , Geron (GERN), Vical (VICL), and Favrille (FVRL). With a varying range of product offerings these companies are all competing for market share in the U.S. With the approval of Oncophage in Russia there is a chance that these companies may also pursue markets abroad. [21] [22] [23] [24] [25]
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