CVS » Topics » PBM Segment:

This excerpt taken from the CVS 10-Q filed May 8, 2007.

PBM Segment:

 

   

During the first quarter of 2007, net PBM revenues benefited from the Caremark Merger. Caremark operations accounted for a PBM Segment revenue increase of approximately $1.0 billion or 118% during the first quarter of fiscal 2007.

 

   

As a result of the Caremark Merger, PBM revenues benefited by increased mail volume of 22.2% during the quarter. This was partially offset by a decrease in average script price due to the conversion of brand named drugs to equivalent generic drugs, which typically have a lower selling price.

 

   

The PBM Segment recognizes revenues for its national retail pharmacy network transactions based on an individual contract basis. In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 99-19, “Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent”, (“EITF 99-19”), Caremark contracts are predominately accounted for on a gross basis whereas PharmaCare’s contracts are accounted for on a net basis. During 2007, we expect a number of PharmaCare’s contracts to be converted to Caremark’s contract structure, which will result in those contracts being accounted for under the gross method. Please see Note 2 to the consolidated condensed financials included herein for further information regarding our revenue recognition policies.

 

   

PBM revenues continued to benefit from certain risk-based or reinsurance arrangements in connection with providing pharmacy plan management services to prescription drug plans qualifying under Medicare Part D.

Gross profit includes net revenues less the cost of services and the cost of merchandise sold during the reporting period in addition to the related purchasing costs, warehousing costs, delivery costs and actual and estimated inventory losses. Gross profit as a percentage of revenues was 25.4% for the first quarter ending March 31, 2007. This compares to 26.6% of net sales in the first quarter of 2006.

As you review our performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

   

Our pharmacy gross profit rate continued to benefit from an increase in generic drug revenues, which normally yield a higher gross profit rate than equivalent brand name drug revenues. However, increased utilization of generic products has resulted in increased scrutiny of generic reimbursement payments to pharmacies, causing a reduction in the generic profit rate. We expect this trend to continue.

 

   

Sales to customers covered by third party insurance programs have continued to increase and, thus, have become a larger component of our total pharmacy business. On average, our gross profit on third party pharmacy revenues is lower than our gross profit on cash pharmacy revenues. Retail pharmacy third party revenues were 94.4% of pharmacy revenues during the first quarter of 2007, compared to 93.9% of pharmacy revenues during the first quarter of 2006. We expect this trend to continue.

 

   

As a result of the introduction of the new Medicare Part D benefit during 2007, utilization has increased and pharmacy gross profit rates have decreased as higher profit business (such as cash and state Medicaid customers) continue to migrate to Part D coverage.

 

   

On February 8, 2006, the President signed into law the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (the “Act”). The Act seeks to reduce federal spending by altering Medicaid reimbursement formula for multi-source (i.e., generic) drugs. According to the Congressional Budget Office, retail pharmacies are expected to negotiate with individual states for higher dispensing fees to mitigate the adverse effect of these changes. These changes are currently scheduled to take effect during the second quarter of 2007 and are expected to result in reduced Medicaid reimbursement rates for retail pharmacies.

 

   

Our pharmacy gross profit rates have been adversely affected by the efforts of managed care organizations, pharmacy benefit managers, governmental and other third party payors to reduce their prescription costs. In the event this trend continues, we may not be able to sustain our current rate of revenue growth and gross profit dollars for the retail pharmacy segment could be adversely impacted.

 

   

Our gross margin rates have been impacted by the Caremark Merger. As discussed above, retail network contracts are reviewed on an individual basis to determine under applicable accounting rules whether contractual revenues should be accounted for under the gross or net method. Under these rules the majority of Caremark’s network contracts are accounted for using the gross method, resulting in increased revenues and increased cost of revenues.

 

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Table of Contents

Part I

  Item 2

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Total operating expenses, which include store and administrative payroll, employee benefits, store and administrative occupancy costs, selling expenses, advertising expenses, administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization expense, increased 25.1%. However, total operating expenses were 19.8% of net revenues for the first quarter of 2007, compared 20.9% of net revenues in the first quarter of 2006. Total operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue were impacted by the increase in net revenues as a result of the Caremark Merger. The increase in total operating expenses resulted from costs associated with the Caremark Merger and integration, which totaled $25.3 million.

Interest expense, net consisted of the following:

 

     13 Weeks Ended  

In millions

   March 31, 2007     April 1, 2006  

Interest expense

   $ 71.6     $ 23.5  

Interest income

     (7.7 )     (2.4 )
                

Interest expense, net

   $ 63.9     $ 21.1  
                

The increase in interest expense primarily relates to an increase in our average debt balances primarily due to borrowings necessary to fund the acquisition of the Standalone Drug Business and a portion of the special cash dividend paid to Caremark shareholders.

Income tax provision ~ Our effective income tax rate was 39.2% for the first quarter of 2007, compared to 38.9% for the first quarter of 2006. The increase in our effective income tax rate was primarily due to increases in state income taxes as a result of the Caremark Merger. We anticipate that the impact of the Caremark Merger will cause in our effective annual income tax rate to increase to 39.7% for the 2007 fiscal year.

Net earnings for the first quarter of 2007 increased $79.3 million, or 24.1%, to $408.9 million (or $0.43 per diluted share), compared to $329.6 million (or $0.39 per diluted share), in the first quarter of 2006. The increase in net earnings was primarily due to strong revenues and improved margin rates in the Retail Segment in addition to cost controls. Net earnings increased $7.0 million as a result of the Caremark operations for the ten day period, which was offset by integration costs of $25.3 million, increased interest expense and an increase in the income tax rate.

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