CVS » Topics » Precedent Transaction Analysis

This excerpt taken from the CVS 8-K filed Feb 13, 2007.
Precedent Transaction Analysis

     Using publicly available information, Evercore reviewed and compared the purchase prices and financial multiples paid in acquisitions of companies that Evercore, based on its experience with merger and acquisition transactions, deemed relevant to arriving at its opinion. Evercore performed the analysis for both CVS and Caremark. Evercore chose the transactions used in the precedent transaction analysis based on the similarity of the target companies in the transactions to CVS and Caremark, as applicable. However, no precedent transaction is identical to the merger. As a result, these analyses are not purely mathematical, but also take into account differences in financial and operating characteristics of the subject companies and other factors that could affect the transactions to which the merger is being compared.

     Evercore reviewed the following transactions in the precedent transaction analysis for CVS:

Date Announced   Target   Acquirer



08/24/06   Brooks and Eckerd   Rite Aid
01/23/06   Albertson’s Stand-alone Drug Business   CVS
04/05/04   Eckerd   CVS
04/05/04   Eckerd   Jean Coutu Group
12/23/03   Duane Reade   Oak Hill Capital Partners
11/18/99   Shoppers Drug Mart   Kohlberg Kravis Roberts
11/24/98   Genovese Drug Stores   JC Penney
08/03/98   American Stores   Albertson’s
02/09/98   Arbor Drugs   CVS
06/18/97   Duane Reade   DLJ Merchant Bkg Partners II
02/07/97   Revco   CVS
11/04/96   Eckerd   JC Penney
10/28/96   Big B   Revco
10/14/96   Thrifty Payless Holdings   Rite Aid
08/06/96   Fay’s   JC Penney
10/23/95   Big V Pharmacies   Shoppers Drug Mart (Imasco)
08/28/95   Medicine Shoppe International   Cardinal Health

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     Evercore reviewed the following transactions in the precedent transaction analysis for Caremark:

Date Announced   Target   Acquirer



07/21/05   Priority Healthcare   Express Scripts
02/23/05   Accredo Health   Medco Health Solutions
09/02/03   AdvancePCS   Caremark Rx
02/06/02   Nat’l Prescript. Administrators   Express Scripts
07/12/00   PCS Health Systems   Advance Paradigm
05/04/00   ProVantage Health Services   Merck-Medco
02/09/99   Diversified Pharmaceutical Group   Express Scripts
11/17/98   PCS Health Systems   Rite Aid
02/20/98   ValueRx   Express Scripts
01/15/97   Value Health   Columbia/HCA Healthcare
05/14/96   Caremark International   MedPartners
03/27/95   Diagnostek   Value Health
07/10/94   PCS Health Systems   Eli Lilly
07/27/93   Medco Containment Services   Merck

     Using a selected multiple range of 8.0x to 11.0x estimated 2006 EBITDA, the precedent transaction analysis of CVS yielded an implied valuation range for the CVS common stock of $23.60 to $34.43 per share. CVS estimated 2006 EBITDA does not reflect the full year pro forma results for the Albertson’s purchase. Therefore, Evercore also performed precedent transaction analysis for CVS using estimated 2007 EBITDA (which includes a full year impact of the Albertson’s transaction) and discounted the resulting share price for one year at an assumed cost of equity of 11% resulting in an implied valuation range for the CVS common stock of $29.21 to $42.13 per share.

     Using a selected multiple range of 10.0x to 14.0x estimated 2006 EBITDA, the precedent transaction analysis of Caremark yielded an implied valuation range for Caremark common stock of $44.75 to $61.84 per share. Evercore calculated implied exchange ratios by taking the minimum Caremark implied share price over the average CVS implied share price, and the maximum Caremark implied share price over the average CVS implied share price.

     Evercore calculated implied exchange ratios after giving effect to the payment of the Caremark special cash dividend based on the precedent transaction analysis ranging from 1.198x to 1.727x.

     

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