C » Topics » Regional Net Income

These excerpts taken from the C 10-Q filed May 4, 2007.

Regional Net Income

        Mexico income declined, driven by the absence of tax benefits related to APB 23 in the 2006 first quarter, partially offset by lower expenses that included a decrease in profit sharing, higher fee revenues, and gain on the sale of MasterCard shares. Latin America income declined primarily due to higher expenses associated with growth in Brazil and the absence of 2006 first quarter tax benefits, partially offset by strong growth in loans and deposits, up 55% and 21%, respectively. EMEA income declined primarily due to higher expenses driven by increased business volume and investment spending tied to retail bank branch expansion, a reserve build to reflect a change in estimate of loan losses inherent in the initial tenor portion of the portfolio, and lower recoveries. Partially offsetting the decline was strong growth in loans and deposits, up 16% and 9%, respectively, stronger investment product sales, and the impact of foreign currency translation. Japan income declined due to lower average loans, higher loan loss reserve, and the absence of 2006 first quarter benefit related to the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit. Asia income declined primarily due to the absence of a 2006 first quarter loan loss reserve release in Korea, and increased loan loss reserves to reflect a change in estimate of loan losses inherent in the initial tenor portion of the portfolio, and increased investment spending related to retail bank branch expansion. Partially offsetting the decline was strong growth in loans and deposits, up 14% and 10%, respectively, and an increase in investment product sales of 46%.

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Regional Net Income

        Net income in the U.S. increased, driven by double-digit revenue growth in Fixed Income Markets and Underwriting and Equity Markets and Underwriting as well as Advisory. Compensation expenses were almost flat to last year due to the absence of the 2006 initial adoption of SFAS 123(R).

        Mexico net income increased, driven by double-digit revenue growth in Fixed Income Markets and equity underwriting.

        Latin America net income increased, driven by double-digit revenue growth in Fixed Income and Equity Markets. Revenue growth was partially offset by higher taxes due to the absence of prior-year tax benefits from the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit.

        EMEA net income increased, driven by strong double-digit revenue growth across all major product lines and geographies on higher volumes and growth in customer activity. Results also include a $171 million pre-tax increase to loan loss reserves due to portfolio growth, which includes higher commitments to leveraged transactions and an increase in average loan tenor.

        Net income in Japan declined primarily due to lower results in Fixed Income Markets and Equity Underwriting. Net income in Asia increased, driven by double-digit revenue growth in Investment Banking and Lending.

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Regional Net Income

        Net income in the U.S. increased, primarily due to growth in liability balances and rising interest rates.

        Mexico net income increased primarily due to growth in liability balances and rising interest rates.

        Latin America net income increased primarily due to increased revenues from new sales, growth in liability balances and rising interest rates.

        EMEA net income increased primarily due to increased revenue from new sales, growth in liability balances and assets under custody, rising interest rates and strong volumes, which drove growth in Cash Management, SFS, and Trade Services.

        Asia net income increased primarily due to increased revenue from new sales, higher customer volumes, and growth in liability balances and assets under custody and rising interest rates.

        Japan net income increased primarily due to increased revenue from new sales, growth in liability balances and assets under custody, and rising interest rates.

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These excerpts taken from the C 10-K filed Feb 23, 2007.

Regional Net Income

Mexico income declined primarily due to lower levels of tax benefits and higher expenses, partially offset by higher sales volumes and average loans from portfolio growth and target market expansion (which increased both revenues and the provision for loan losses), and a gain from the MasterCard IPO. Latin America income increased, primarily due to volume and purchase sales growth. EMEA income declined, reflecting absence of the prior-year gain on the sale of a merchant-acquiring business of $57 million and higher net credit losses, partially offset by higher purchase sales, volume growth, and higher tax benefits. Asia income declined due to an increase in credit costs related to credit conditions in Taiwan and costs associated with a Korea labor settlement, partially offset by higher purchase sales and loan growth.

 

2005 vs. 2004

Net Interest Revenue increased primarily due to growth in purchase sales and average loans, as well as the impact of the KorAm acquisition, and the impact of foreign currency translation, partially offset by spread compression. Volume growth was diversified across regions, led by Mexico. Net interest spread compression reflected rising funding costs and a primarily fixed rate portfolio.

Non-Interest Revenue increased, primarily driven by a gain on the sale of a merchant-acquiring business in EMEA of $95 million, higher purchase sales, the impact of the KorAm acquisition, and the impact of foreign currency translation. This was partially offset by the absence of a prior-year gain on the sale of Orbitall (credit card processing company in Brazil) of $42 million.

Operating expenses increased, primarily driven by the impact of higher expansion expenses in Asia and EMEA, integration expenses of CrediCard in the Brazil franchise, the KorAm acquisition, and the impact of foreign currency translations. A VAT refund in Mexico during the 2005 third quarter partially offset expense growth.

Provision for loan losses reflected an increase in net credit losses, due primarily to volume growth in Mexico, which was partially offset by declines in Asia. During 2005, loan loss reserves increased by $175 million, reflecting portfolio expansion and the absence of prior-year reserve releases of $103 million, recorded mostly in Asia and Latin America.

Regional Net Income

Mexico income increased due to higher sales volumes and average loans, as well as a tax benefit related to the Homeland Investment Act and the VAT refund. Latin America income declined primarily due to the 2004 gain on the sale of Orbitall and the absence of 2004 credit reserve releases. EMEA income increased primarily due to the gain on the sale of a merchant-acquiring business, partially offset by increased expense related to business expansion and customer acquisition initiatives. Japan income declined primarily due to tax credits received in 2004. Asia income increased due to strong sales, loan balance increases, and improved net credit loss experience.


 

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Table of Contents

 

Regional Net Income

Mexico income growth was driven by a 2006 fourth quarter $145 million after-tax gain on the sale of Avantel, utilization in 2006 of APB 23 tax benefits totaling $288 million, and growth in average loans and deposits. Partially offsetting the income growth was the absence of both a $79 million prior- year value added tax refund and a $50 million gain from the favorable impact of restructuring Mexican government bonds, net interest margin compression, and higher expenses from increased investment spending. Latin America income declined primarily due to increased expenses associated with new branches in Brazil, partly offset by strong growth in loans and deposits, up 46% and 7%, respectively. EMEA income increased, driven primarily by the absence of the 2005 third quarter $323 million after-tax change to standardize the loan write-off policy, the absence of an $81 million loan loss reserve build in the 2005 second quarter, strong growth in customer deposits and investment product sales, and higher Germany asset sales. Partially offsetting the increased income were higher expenses from increased business volumes and investment spending tied to retail bank branch expansion. Japan income declined due to lower deposits and higher expenses, mainly due to the consolidation and compliance activities related to the shutdown of Japan Private Bank and the impact of foreign currency translation. Asia income increased, benefiting from higher deposit revenues and investment product sales and loan loss reserve releases in Korea and Australia; this was partly offset by increased investment spending tied to retail bank branch expansion and the costs associated with the Korea labor settlement.

 

2005 vs. 2004

Net Interest Revenue increased, with improved deposit revenues in all regions; higher branch lending revenues in EMEA, Asia and Latin America; the benefits of foreign currency translation; and the impact of the KorAm acquisition. Non-Interest Revenue increased primarily driven by higher investment revenues in all regions except Latin America; the impact of the KorAm acquisition, the impact in Mexico of the 2005 second quarter gain related to Fobaproa and the 2005 third quarter value added tax refund; and the benefits of foreign currency translation. Average loans grew 15%, primarily in Asia, Mexico, and Japan, while average deposits grew by 9%, primarily in Asia, Mexico, and EMEA. Assets under management increased by 17%.

Operating expenses increased due to the expansion of the distribution network in all regions except Japan, foreign currency translation, the impact of first quarter 2005 repositioning expenses of $70 million, and the impact of the KorAm acquisition. This was partially offset by the VAT refund of $93 million in Mexico. Total branches grew by a net 131 during 2005, reflecting the opening of 183 new branches.

Provisions for loan losses and for benefits and claims increased as a sustained improvement in credit quality was more than offset by a $476 million pretax charge to standardize loan write-off policies in EMEA to the global write-off policy and a $127 million increase in the German credit reserves to reflect increased experience with the effects of bankruptcy law liberalization. As a result, the consumer net credit loss ratio increased to 3.05% in 2005. The standardization of the loan write-off policies resulted in a significant drop in the 90 days past-due ratio, which fell to 1.29% in 2005, compared to 3.36% in 2004 and 4.61% in 2003.

Net income in 2005 also reflected a $61 million net tax benefit from the Homeland Investment Act.

Regional Net Income

Mexico income increased on strong sales and customer balance growth, as well as the VAT refund of $79 million and tax benefits from the Homeland Investment Act. Latin America income declined, driven by repositioning expenses in 2005, and the impact of investment initiatives, primarily in Brazil. EMEA income declined, driven by the impact of the write-off policy standardization, increases in credit loss reserves in Germany, and repositioning expenses reflected in the first quarter of 2005. Japan income declined due primarily to expense growth associated with the consolidation and compliance activities related to the shutdown of the Japan Private Bank. Asia income increased, benefiting primarily from strongly improved revenues due to increased business volumes, the impact of the KorAm acquisition, and benefits from foreign currency translation.


 

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Table of Contents

 

Regional Net Income

Net income in the U.S. declined, primarily due to higher compensation expenses (the impact from SFAS 123(R) charges) as well as lower revenues in Commodities and Lending, partially offset by higher Fixed Income and Equity Markets revenues and tax benefits from the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit and the New York Tax Audits.

Mexico net income was down, as growth in Fixed Income Markets revenues was offset by lower equity underwriting and lending revenues. Lower net income also reflected the absence of a $39 million tax benefit from provisions of the Homeland Investment Act, as well as higher compensation expense and the absence of loan loss recoveries recorded in the prior-year period.

Latin America net income declined on an increase in credit costs due to the absence of loan loss recoveries recorded in the prior-year period, higher investment spending, and the impact of SFAS 123(R) charges. These declines were partially offset by strong revenue growth in Equity and Fixed Income Markets in Brazil Investment Banking and by the tax benefits from the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit.

EMEA net income increased on double-digit growth across all major product lines in the region from higher volumes and growth in customer activity and tax benefits from the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit. The increase in net income was partially offset by higher compensation expense due to staff additions and the impact from SFAS 123(R) charges, and higher credit costs on growth in loans and unfunded loan commitments.

Net income in Japan declined as strong growth in Fixed Income was offset by a decrease in equities, the absence of a $248 million after-tax gain on the sale of Nikko Cordial shares in the 2005 fourth quarter, and higher expenses.

Net income in Asia increased, driven by broad-based double-digit growth across several products, including Fixed Income and Equity Markets and Advisory. Continued benign credit conditions and incremental tax benefits from APB 23 in Australia, and globally the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit, further bolstered full-year results.

 

2005 vs. 2004

Revenues, net of interest expense, increased, driven by growth across all products. Equity Markets revenues increased, driven by growth in cash trading, alternative execution and derivatives products. Fixed Income Markets revenue increases reflected growth in interest rate products, commodity derivatives, foreign exchange, and securitized markets. Investment Banking revenue growth was driven by increased advisory fees on strong growth in completed M&A transactions and growth in equity underwriting. Lending revenue growth was mainly due to hedging gains in credit derivatives. Revenues also include a $386 million pretax gain on the sale of Nikko Cordial shares.

Operating expenses increased due to higher incentive compensation, including repositioning costs of $212 million pretax (in the 2005 first quarter), increased investment spending on strategic growth initiatives, and the impact of the acquisitions of Knight and Lava Trading. Expenses included a $160 million pretax charge to increase reserves for previously disclosed legal matters recorded in the 2005 fourth quarter.

The provision for credit losses increased, reflecting an increase to loan loss reserves in 2005 and the absence of loan loss reserve releases recorded in the prior year. The provision for credit losses in 2005 included $289 million to increase loan loss reserves for increases in off-balance sheet exposure, and a slight decline in credit quality.

Net income in the U.S. decreased primarily due to an increased provision for credit losses.

The negative impact of a flat yield curve on revenues and the absence of loan loss reserve releases recorded in the prior year caused a decline in Mexican net income.

Latin America net income decreased primarily due to the absence of loan loss reserve releases recorded in 2004 and a decline in revenues from completed corporate finance transactions. Credit quality in Argentina and Brazil improved.

EMEA net income increased as a result of strong revenues across all businesses and lower credit provisions. Revenues increased in Fixed Income Markets, Equity Markets, Investment Banking, and Lending, on higher volumes and growth in customer activity.

Net income in Japan increased due to strong growth in Equity Markets and Fixed Income Markets revenues and a $248 million after-tax gain on the sale of Nikko Cordial shares recorded in the 2005 fourth quarter.

Net income in Asia decreased primarily due to lower Fixed Income Markets revenues, mainly in global distressed debt trading and foreign exchange trading.


 

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Table of Contents

 

Regional Net Income

Net income in the U.S. declined, primarily due to continued investment spending, offset by growth in liability balances, and rising interest rates.

Mexico net income decreased primarily due to the absence of an $8 million tax benefit from provisions of the Homeland Investment Act, as well as a $2 million VAT refund and higher expenses, offset by growth in liability balances and rising interest rates.

Latin America net income increased primarily due to increased revenues from new sales, growth in liability balances, and rising interest rates.

EMEA net income increased primarily on increased revenue from new sales, growth in liability balances and assets under custody, rising interest rates and strong volumes. Asia net income increased primarily from increased revenue from new sales, higher customer volumes, and growth in liability balances and assets under custody, and rising interest rates.

Japan net income increased primarily due to increased revenue from new sales, growth in liability balances and assets under custody, and rising interest rates.

 

2005 vs. 2004

Revenues, net of interest expense, increased, reflecting growth in Cash Management and Global Securities Services. Average liability balances grew 20%, primarily due to increases in Asia, EMEA and the U.S., reflecting positive flow from new and existing customers. Average liability balances reached $164 billion in the fourth quarter.

Cash Management revenue increased mainly due to growth in liability balances, improved spreads, and increased fees from new sales. Revenue growth was at a double-digit rate across all regions.

Securities and Funds Services revenue increased, primarily reflecting growth in Latin America, Asia and the U.S.; higher assets under custody and fees; and the impact of acquisitions. Assets under custody reached $8.6 trillion, an increase of $0.7 trillion, or 9%, on strong momentum from record sales, equity markets, and the inclusion of ABN AMRO and UNISEN assets under custody. This was partially offset by a strengthened U.S. dollar and a slowdown in fixed income markets.

Trade Services revenue increased, due to growth in Asia and EMEA, partially offset by spread compression in Mexico and Latin America.

Operating expenses increased on higher business volumes, acquisitions, and investments in growth opportunities.

The change in the provision for credit losses was attributable to a reserve release of $163 million in 2004; this compared to reserve increases of $18 million in 2005.

Net income in the U.S. increased, due to growth in liability balances, improved spreads, and an increase in assets under custody, partially offset by higher expenses due to acquisitions and continued investment spending.

Mexico net income decreased, due primarily to loan loss reserve releases in 2004. Adjusting for the reserve releases in 2004, net income momentum was strong.

Latin America net income decreased, due primarily to the impact of loan loss reserve releases in 2004.

EMEA net income increased, mainly due to increases in liability balances and assets under custody, which drove strong revenues in Cash Management and Global Securities Services.

Asia net income rose in 2005, driven by new sales, increased fees from higher customer volumes, the impact of the KorAm acquisition, and growth in liability balances.

Japan net income increased, mainly due to increases in liability balances and assets under custody.

Cash-basis loans, which in the Transaction Services businesses are primarily trade finance receivables, were $81 million and $112 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The decrease of $31 million in 2005 was primarily due to a decline in Brazil.


 

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Table of Contents

 

These excerpts taken from the C 10-Q filed May 5, 2006.

Regional Net Income

        Mexico income increased due to higher sales volumes and average loans, as well as tax benefits of $6 million. Latin America income increased primarily due to volume growth and the benefit of foreign currency translation. Japan income increased primarily due to tax credits of $2 million and the benefit of foreign currency translation. Asia income declined due to an increase in loan loss reserves related to Taiwan and costs associated with a Korea labor settlement, partially offset by higher purchase sales and loan growth. EMEA income remained unchanged as higher purchase sales and volume growth were offset by higher net credit losses and higher expenses.

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Regional Net Income

        Asia income increased, benefiting from higher deposit and investment product sales, a $59 million loan loss reserve release in Korea, and tax benefits of $27 million related to the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit, partially offset by costs associated with the labor settlement. Mexico income increased primarily due to increased APB 23 benefits, partially offset by higher expenses, including an increase in profit sharing. EMEA income increased on stronger investment product sales and lending revenues and a decline in expenses, reflecting the absence of repositioning expenses in the 2005 first quarter of $36 million after-tax. Latin America income declined, primarily due to the impact of foreign currency translation. Japan income declined due to lower deposit revenues; higher expenses, mainly due to the consolidation and compliance activities related to the shutdown of the Japan Private Bank; and the impact of foreign currency translation.

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Regional Net Income

        Net income in the U.S. decreased primarily due to higher compensation expenses (higher production-driven incentive compensation and the impact of SFAS 123(R) charges), as well as lower Lending and Fixed Income Markets revenues; these were partially offset by higher Equities Markets revenues and tax benefits from the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit.

        Mexico net income was unchanged as the absence of a loan loss recovery recorded in the prior-year period was offset by strong revenue growth in Fixed Income and Equity Markets. Credit conditions remained stable.

        Latin America net income increased primarily due to strong revenue growth in Equity and Fixed Income Markets activities in Brazil, as well as tax benefits from the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit; these were partially offset by the absence of prior year loan loss reserve releases and the impact from SFAS 123(R) charges. Credit conditions remained favorable.

        EMEA net income increased, driven by double-digit revenue growth across all major product lines and geographies on higher volumes and growth in customer activity, the absence of prior year repositioning expenses, and tax benefits from the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit. Results also include the impact from SFAS 123(R) charges.

        Net income in Japan increased strongly due to growth in Fixed Income Markets, partially offset by higher expenses.

        Net income in Asia increased, driven by double-digit revenue growth in Equity and Fixed Income Markets, as well as tax benefits from the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit, partially offset by the impact from SFAS 123(R) charges. Credit conditions remained favorable.

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Transaction Services

         LOGO

        Transaction Services is composed of Cash Management, Trade Services & Finance (Trade) and Securities & Funds Services (SFS). Cash Management and Trade Services provide comprehensive cash management and trade finance for corporations and financial institutions worldwide. SFS provides custody and fund services to investors such as insurance companies and pension funds, clearing services to intermediaries such as broker/dealers, and depository and agency/trust services to multinational corporations and governments globally. Revenue is generated from fees for transaction processing, net interest revenue on Trade, loans and deposits in Cash Management and SFS, and fees on assets under custody in SFS.

 
  First Quarter
  % Change
 
In millions of dollars

 
  2006
  2005
  1Q06 vs. 1Q05
 
Revenues, net of interest expense, by region:                  
  U.S.   $ 312   $ 237   32 %
  Mexico     48     48    
  Latin America     146     117   25  
  EMEA     488     428   14  
  Japan     25     15   67  
  Asia     363     292   24  
   
 
 
 
Revenues, net of interest expense   $ 1,382   $ 1,137   22 %
Operating expenses     949     803   18  
Provision for credit losses     5     (13 ) NM  
   
 
 
 
Income before taxes and minority interest   $ 428   $ 347   23 %
Income taxes     105     101   4  
Minority interest, net of taxes         1   (100 )
   
 
 
 
Net income   $ 323   $ 245   32 %
   
 
 
 
Net income by region:                  
  U.S.   $ 12   $ 20   (40 )%
  Mexico     14     18   (22 )
  Latin America     51     41   24  
  EMEA     105     65   62  
  Japan     5     (1 ) NM  
  Asia     136     102   33  
   
 
 
 
Net income   $ 323   $ 245   32 %
   
 
 
 
Average risk capital(1)   $ 1,470   $ 1,435   2 %
Return on risk capital(1)     89 %   69 %    
Return on invested capital(1)     50 %   40 %    
   
 
 
 
Key indicators:                  
Liability balances (average in billions of dollars)   $ 158   $ 139   14 %
Assets under custody at period end (in trillions of dollars)     8.8     8.0   10  
   
 
 
 

(1)
See footnote 3 to the table on page 4.

NM Not meaningful.

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1Q06 vs. 1Q05

        Revenues, net of interest expense, increased, reflecting growth in liability balances, assets under custody, and rising interest rates in Cash Management and SFS. Average liability balances grew 14% to $158 billion primarily due to increases in EMEA and the U.S., reflecting positive flow from new and existing customers.

        Cash Management revenue increased, reflecting growth across all regions except Mexico from higher liability balances, higher interest rates, and increased revenues from new sales.

        Securities & Funds Services revenue increased, reflecting growth across all regions, higher assets under custody, and the impact of acquisitions. Assets under custody reached $8.8 trillion, an increase of $0.8 trillion, or 10%, driven by strong sales momentum, higher equity market values, and the inclusion of ABN Amro and UNISEN assets under custody.

        Trade Services & Finance revenue increased primarily due to double-digit revenue growth in EMEA and the U.S., partially offset by Mexico and Latin America.

        The change in the provision for credit losses of $18 million was primarily attributable to a reserve build of $5 million in 2006, compared to reserve releases of $13 million in 2005.

        Operating expenses increased due to organic business growth, acquisitions, and investment spending.

        Cash-basis loans, which are primarily trade finance receivables, were $76 million and $77 million at March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

Regional Net Income

        Net income in the U.S. decreased primarily due to higher expenses from acquisitions and continued investment spending, which was partially offset by growth in liability balances, higher interest rates, and the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit.

        Mexico net income decreased primarily due to higher expenses, and declining interest rates.

        Latin America net income increased on liability balance growth and the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit.

        EMEA net income increased primarily due to increases in liability balances, assets under custody and higher interest rates. Results also included the benefit of the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit.

        Asia net income increased primarily due to higher customer volumes, growth in liability balances and assets under custody, higher interest rates, and the resolution of the Federal Tax Audit.

        Japan net income increased due to higher liability balances and assets under custody.

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