Citigroup (C)

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

        The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Citigroup's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are not subject to valuation based on observable transactions. Accordingly, the fair value of these exposures is based on management's best estimates based on facts and circumstances as of the date of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

        Citigroup's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are Level 3 assets. The valuation of the high-grade and mezzanine ABS CDO positions uses trader prices based on the underlying assets of each high-grade and mezzanine ABS CDO. Unlike the ABCP and CDO-squared positions, the high-grade and mezzanine positions are now largely hedged through the ABX and bond short positions, which are, by necessity, trader priced. This results in closer symmetry in the way these long and short positions are valued by the Company. Citigroup intends to use trader marks to value this portion of the portfolio going forward so long as it remains largely hedged.

        The valuation of the ABCP and CDO-squared positions are subject to valuation based on significant unobservable inputs. Fair value of these exposures is based on estimates of future cash flows from the mortgage loans underlying the assets of the ABS CDOs. To determine the performance of the underlying mortgage loan portfolios, the Company estimates the prepayments, defaults and loss severities based on a number of macroeconomic factors, including housing price changes, unemployment rates, interest rates and borrower and loan attributes, such as age, credit scores, documentation status, loan-to-value (LTV) ratios and debt-to-income (DTI) ratios. The model is calibrated using available mortgage loan information including historical loan performance. In addition, the methodology estimates the impact of geographic concentration of mortgages and the impact of reported fraud in the origination of subprime mortgages. An appropriate discount rate is then applied to the cash flows generated for each ABCP and CDO-squared tranche, in order to estimate its fair value under current market conditions.

        When necessary, the valuation methodology used by Citigroup is refined and the inputs used for the purposes of estimation are modified, in part, to reflect ongoing market developments. More specifically, the inputs of home price appreciation (HPA) assumptions and delinquency data were updated along with discount rates that are based upon a weighted average combination of implied spreads from single name ABS bond prices and ABX indices, as well as CLO spreads under current market conditions.

        The housing-price changes were estimated using a forward-looking projection, which incorporated the Loan Performance Index. In addition, the Company's mortgage default model also

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uses recent mortgage performance data, a period of sharp home price declines and high levels of mortgage foreclosures.

        The valuation as of September 30, 2009 assumes a cumulative decline in U.S. housing prices from peak to trough of 30.5%. This rate assumes declines of 10% in 2009 and flat in 2010, respectively, the remainder of the 30.5% decline having already occurred before the end of 2008.

        In addition, the discount rates were based on a weighted average combination of the implied spreads from single name ABS bond prices, ABX indices and CLO spreads, depending on vintage and asset types. To determine the discount margin, the Company applies the mortgage default model to the bonds underlying the ABX indices and other referenced cash bonds and solves for the discount margin that produces the current market prices of those instruments.

        The primary drivers that currently impact the super senior valuations are the discount rates used to calculate the present value of projected cash flows and projected mortgage loan performance.

        For most of the lending and structuring direct subprime exposures (excluding super seniors), fair value is determined utilizing observable transactions where available, other market data for similar assets in markets that are not active and other internal valuation techniques.

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Citigroup’s CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are not subject to valuation based on observable transactions. Accordingly, the fair value of these exposures is based on management’s best estimates based on facts and circumstances as of the date of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Citigroup’s CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are Level 3 assets and are subject to valuation based on significant unobservable inputs. Fairvalue of these exposures (other than high grade and mezzanine as described below) is based on estimates of future cash flows from the mortgage loans underlying the assets of the ABS CDOs. To determine the performance of the underlying mortgage loan portfolios, the Company estimates the prepayments, defaults and loss severities based on a number of macroeconomic factors, including housing price changes, unemployment rates, interest rates and borrower and loan attributes, such as age, credit scores, documentation status, loan-to-value (LTV) ratios and debt-to-income (DTI) ratios. The model is calibrated using available mortgage loan information including historical loan performance. In addition, the methodology estimates the impact of geographic concentration of mortgages and the impact of reported fraud in the origination of subprime mortgages. An appropriate discount rate is then applied to the cash flows generated for each ABCP and CDO-squared tranche, in order to estimate its current fair value.

When necessary, the valuation methodology used by Citigroup is refined and the inputs used for the purposes of estimation are modified, in part, to reflect ongoing market developments. More specifically, the inputs of home price appreciation (HPA) assumptions and delinquency data were updated during the fourth quarter along with discount rates that are based upon a weighted average combination of implied spreads from single name ABS bond prices and ABX indices, as well as CLO spreads.

Beginning with the third quarter of 2008, the Company used the Loan Performance Index to estimate the impact of housing price changes. Previously, it incorporated the S&P/Case-Shiller Index. This change was made because the Loan Performance Index provided more comprehensive geographic data. In addition, the Company’s mortgage default model uses recent mortgage performance data, a period of sharp home price declines and high levels of mortgage foreclosures.

The valuation as of December 31, 2008 assumes a cumulative decline in U.S. housing prices from peak to trough of 33%. This rate assumes declines of 16% and 13% in 2008 and 2009, respectively, the remainder of the 33% decline having already occurred before the end of 2007.

In addition, during the last three quarters of 2008, the discount rates were based on a weighted average combination of the implied spreads from single name ABS bond prices, ABX indices and CLO spreads, depending on vintage and asset types. To determine the discount margin, the Company applies the mortgage default model to the bonds underlying the ABX indices and other referenced cash bonds and solves for the discount margin that produces the market prices of those instruments.

Starting in the third quarter of 2008, the valuation of the high grade and mezzanine ABS CDO positions was changed from model valuation to trader prices based on the underlying assets of each high grade and mezzanine ABS CDO. Unlike the ABCP and CDO-squared positions, the high grade and mezzanine positions are now largely hedged through the ABX and bond short positions, which are, by necessity, trader priced. Thus, this change brings closer symmetry in the way these long and short positions are valued by the Company. Citigroup intends to use trader marks to value this portion of the portfolio going forward so long as it remains largely hedged.

The primary drivers that currently impact the super senior valuations are the discount rates used to calculate the present value of projected cash flows and projected mortgage loan performance.

Given the above, the Company’s CDO super senior subprime direct exposures were classified in Level 3 of the fair-value hierarchy.

For most of the lending and structuring direct subprime exposures (excluding super seniors), fair value is determined utilizing observable transactions where available, other market data for similar assets in markets that are not active and other internal valuation techniques.

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

        The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Citigroup's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are not subject to valuation based on observable transactions. Accordingly, the fair value of these exposures is based on management's best estimates based on facts and circumstances as of the date of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

        Citigroup's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are Level 3 assets. The valuation of the high-grade and mezzanine ABS CDO positions uses trader prices based on the underlying assets of each high-grade and mezzanine ABS CDO. Unlike the ABCP and CDO-squared positions, the high-grade and mezzanine positions are now largely hedged through the ABX and bond short positions, which are, by necessity, trader priced. This results in closer symmetry in the way these long and short positions are valued by the Company. Citigroup intends to use trader marks to value this portion of the portfolio going forward so long as it remains largely hedged.

        The valuation of the ABCP and CDO-squared positions are subject to valuation based on significant unobservable inputs. Fair value of these exposures is based on estimates of future cash flows from the mortgage loans underlying the assets of the ABS CDOs. To determine the performance of the underlying mortgage loan portfolios, the Company estimates the prepayments, defaults and loss severities based on a number of macroeconomic factors, including housing price changes, unemployment rates, interest rates and borrower and loan attributes, such as age, credit scores, documentation status, loan-to-value (LTV) ratios and debt-to-income (DTI) ratios. The model is calibrated using available mortgage loan information including historical loan performance. In addition, the methodology estimates the impact of geographic concentration of mortgages and the impact of reported fraud in the origination of subprime mortgages. An appropriate discount rate is then applied to the cash flows generated for each ABCP and CDO-squared tranche, in order to estimate its fair value under current market conditions.

        When necessary, the valuation methodology used by Citigroup is refined and the inputs used for the purposes of estimation are modified, in part, to reflect ongoing market developments. More specifically, the inputs of home price appreciation (HPA) assumptions and delinquency data were updated along with discount rates that are based upon a weighted average combination of implied spreads from single name ABS bond prices and ABX indices, as well as CLO spreads under current market conditions.

        The housing-price changes were estimated using a forward-looking projection, which incorporated the Loan Performance Index. In addition, the Company's mortgage default model also uses recent mortgage performance data, a period of sharp home price declines and high levels of mortgage foreclosures.

        The valuation as of June 30, 2009 assumes a cumulative decline in U.S. housing prices from peak to trough of 32.3%.

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This rate assumes declines of 10% and 3% in 2009 and 2010, respectively, the remainder of the 32.3% decline having already occurred before the end of 2008.

        In addition, the discount rates were based on a weighted average combination of the implied spreads from single name ABS bond prices, ABX indices and CLO spreads, depending on vintage and asset types. To determine the discount margin, the Company applies the mortgage default model to the bonds underlying the ABX indices and other referenced cash bonds and solves for the discount margin that produces the current market prices of those instruments.

        The primary drivers that currently impact the super senior valuations are the discount rates used to calculate the present value of projected cash flows and projected mortgage loan performance.

        For most of the lending and structuring direct subprime exposures (excluding super seniors), fair value is determined utilizing observable transactions where available, other market data for similar assets in markets that are not active and other internal valuation techniques.

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

        The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Citigroup's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are not subject to valuation based on observable transactions. Accordingly, the fair value of these exposures is based on management's best estimates based on facts and circumstances as of the date of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

        Citigroup's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are Level 3 assets. The valuation of the high-grade and mezzanine ABS CDO positions uses trader prices based on the underlying assets of each high-grade and mezzanine ABS CDO. Unlike the ABCP- and CDO-squared positions, the high-grade and mezzanine positions are now largely hedged through the ABX and bond short positions, which are, by necessity, trader priced. This results in closer symmetry in the way these long and short positions are valued by the Company. Citigroup intends to use trader marks to value this portion of the portfolio going forward so long as it remains largely hedged.

        The valuation of the ABCP and CDO-squared positions are subject to valuation based on significant unobservable inputs. Fair value of these exposures is based on estimates of future cash flows from the mortgage loans underlying the assets of the ABS CDOs. To determine the performance of the underlying mortgage loan portfolios, the Company estimates the prepayments, defaults and loss severities based on a number of macroeconomic factors, including housing price changes, unemployment rates, interest rates and borrower and loan attributes, such as age, credit scores, documentation status, loan-to-value (LTV) ratios and debt-to-income (DTI) ratios. The model is calibrated using available mortgage loan information including historical loan performance. In addition, the methodology estimates the impact of geographic concentration of mortgages and the impact of reported fraud in the origination of subprime mortgages. An appropriate discount rate is then applied to the cash flows generated for each ABCP and CDO-squared tranche, in order to estimate its fair value under current market conditions.

        When necessary, the valuation methodology used by Citigroup is refined and the inputs used for the purposes of estimation are modified, in part, to reflect ongoing market developments. More specifically, the inputs of home price appreciation (HPA) assumptions and delinquency data were updated along with discount rates that are based upon a weighted average combination of implied spreads from single name ABS bond prices and ABX indices, as well as CLO spreads under current market conditions.

        The housing-price changes were estimated using a forward-looking projection, which incorporated the Loan Performance Index. In addition, the Company's mortgage default model also uses recent mortgage performance data, a period of sharp home price declines and high levels of mortgage foreclosures.

        The valuation as of March 31, 2009 assumes a cumulative decline in U.S. housing prices from peak to trough of 33%. This

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rate assumes declines of 9.3% and 3.9% in 2009 and 2010, respectively, the remainder of the 33% decline having already occurred before the end of 2008.

        In addition, the discount rates were based on a weighted average combination of the implied spreads from single name ABS bond prices, ABX indices and CLO spreads, depending on vintage and asset types. To determine the discount margin, the Company applies the mortgage default model to the bonds underlying the ABX indices and other referenced cash bonds and solves for the discount margin that produces the current market prices of those instruments.

        The primary drivers that currently impact the super senior valuations are the discount rates used to calculate the present value of projected cash flows and projected mortgage loan performance.

        For most of the lending and structuring direct subprime exposures (excluding super seniors), fair value is determined utilizing observable transactions where available, other market data for similar assets in markets that are not active and other internal valuation techniques.

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Citigroup’s CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are not subject to valuation based on observable transactions. Accordingly, the fair value of these exposures is based on management’s best estimates based on facts and circumstances as of the date of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Citigroup’s CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are Level 3 assets and are subject to valuation based on significant unobservable inputs. Fair

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Citigroup’s CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are not subject to valuation based on observable transactions. Accordingly, the fair value of these exposures is based on management’s best estimates based on facts and circumstances as of the date of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Citigroup’s CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are Level 3 assets and are subject to valuation based on significant unobservable inputs. Fair

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Citigroup’s CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are not subject to valuation based on observable transactions. Accordingly, the fair value of these exposures is based on management’s best estimates based on facts and circumstances as of the date of these consolidated financial statements. Citigroup’s estimation process involves use of an intrinsic cash-flow methodology. During the course of the fourth quarter 2007, the methodology has been refined, and inputs used for the purposes of estimation have been modified in part to reflect ongoing unfavorable market developments. The methodology takes into account estimated housing-price changes, unemployment rates, interest rates, and borrower attributes, such as age, credit scores, documentation status, loan-to-value (LTV) ratio, and debt-to-income (DTI) ratio in order to model future collateral cash flows. In addition, the methodology takes account of estimates of the impact of geographic concentration of mortgages, estimated impact of reported fraud in the origination of subprime mortgages and the application of discount rates for each level of exposures, the fair value of which is being estimated. The collateral cash flows are then aggregated and passed through the CDO cash flow distribution “waterfall” to determine allocation to the super senior tranche. Finally, the cash flows allocated to the super senior tranche are discounted at a risk-weighted interest rate to arrive at the estimated fair value of the super senior exposures. The primary drivers that will impact the super senior valuations are housing prices, interest and unemployment rates as well as the discount rates used to present value projected cash flows.

Prior to the rating agency actions and other market developments that occurred during the second half of 2007, Citigroup valued the CDO super senior exposures primarily in comparison to other AAA rated securities and associated spreads that resulted in such exposures generally being carried at par through June 30, 2007. Before the disruption in the subprime credit markets in the third quarter of 2007, the secondary market for CDO super senior subprime tranches was extremely limited and transfers of super senior tranches of newly created CDOs (or the credit default swap equivalent) were relatively rare and typically occurred in private transactions that may or may not have been observable. Even if observable, the CDO super senior subprime tranches subject

70

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

        The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Citigroup's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are not subject to valuation based on observable transactions. Accordingly, the fair value of these exposures is based on management's best estimates based on facts and circumstances as of the date of these consolidated financial statements.

        Citigroup's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are Level 3 assets and are subject to valuation based on significant unobservable inputs. Fair value of these exposures (other than high grade and mezzanine as described below) is based on estimates of future cash flows from the

126

mortgage loans underlying the assets of the ABS CDOs. To determine the performance of the underlying mortgage loan portfolios, the Company estimates the prepayments, defaults and loss severities based on a number of macroeconomic factors, including housing price changes, unemployment rates, interest rates, and borrower and loan attributes, such as age, credit scores, documentation status, loan-to-value (LTV) ratios, and debt-to-income (DTI) ratios. The model is calibrated using available mortgage loan information including historical loan performance. In addition, the methodology estimates the impact of geographic concentration of mortgages, and the impact of reported fraud in the origination of subprime mortgages. An appropriate discount rate is then applied to the cash flows generated for each ABCP and CDO-squared tranche, in order to estimate its current fair value.

        When necessary, the valuation methodology used by Citigroup is refined and the inputs used for the purposes of estimation are modified, in part, to reflect ongoing market developments. More specifically, the inputs of home price appreciation (HPA) assumptions and delinquency data were updated during the quarter along with discount rates that are based upon a weighted average combination of implied spreads from single name ABS bond prices and ABX indices, as well as CLO spreads.

        As was the case in the second quarter of 2008, the third quarter housing-price changes were estimated using a forward-looking projection. However, for third quarter 2008, this projection incorporates the Loan Performance Index, whereas in second quarter 2008, it incorporated the S&P Case Shiller Index. This change was made because the Loan Performance Index provided more comprehensive geographic data. In addition, the Company's mortgage default model has been updated for mortgage performance data from the first half of 2008, a period of sharp home price declines and high levels of mortgage foreclosures.

        The valuation as of September 30, 2008 assumes a cumulative decline in U.S. housing prices from peak to trough of 32%. This rate assumes declines of 16% and 10% in 2008 and 2009, respectively, the remainder of the 32% decline having already occurred before the end of 2007. The valuation methodology as of June 30, 2008 assumed a cumulative decline in U.S. housing prices from peak to trough of 23%, with assumed declines of 12% and 3% in 2008 and 2009, respectively.

        In addition, during the second and third quarters of 2008, the discount rates were based on a weighted average combination of the implied spreads from single name ABS bond prices, ABX indices and CLO spreads, depending on vintage and asset types. To determine the discount margin, the Company applies the mortgage default model to the bonds underlying the ABX indices and other referenced cash bonds and solves for the discount margin that produces the market prices of those instruments. Using this methodology, the impact of the decrease of the home price appreciation projection from -23% to -32% resulted in a decrease in the discount margins incorporated in the valuation model.

        For the third quarter of 2008, the valuation of the high grade and mezzanine ABS CDO positions was changed from model valuation to trader prices based on the underlying assets of each high grade and mezzanine ABS CDO. Unlike the ABCP and CDO-squared positions, the high grade and mezzanine positions are now largely hedged through the ABX and bond short positions, which are by necessity, trader priced. Thus, this change brings closer symmetry in the way these long and short positions are valued by the Company. Citigroup intends to use trader marks to value this portion of the portfolio going forward so long as it remains largely hedged.

        The primary drivers that currently impact the super senior valuations are the discount rates used to calculate the present value of projected cash flows and projected mortgage loan performance.

        Given the above, the Company's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures were classified in Level 3 of the fair-value hierarchy.

        For most of the lending and structuring direct subprime exposures (excluding super seniors), fair value is determined utilizing observable transactions where available, other market data for similar assets in markets that are not active and other internal valuation techniques.

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Citigroup’s CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are not subject to valuation based on observable transactions. Accordingly, the fair value of these exposures is based on management’s best estimates based on facts and circumstances as of the date of these consolidated financial statements. Citigroup’s estimation process involves use of an intrinsic cash-flow methodology. During the course of the fourth quarter 2007, the methodology has been refined, and inputs used for the purposes of estimation have been modified in part to reflect ongoing unfavorable market developments. The methodology takes into account estimated housing-price changes, unemployment rates, interest rates, and borrower attributes, such as age, credit scores, documentation status, loan-to-value (LTV) ratio, and debt-to-income (DTI) ratio in order to model future collateral cash flows. In addition, the methodology takes account of estimates of the impact of geographic concentration of mortgages, estimated impact of reported fraud in the origination of subprime mortgages and the application of discount rates for each level of exposures, the fair value of which is being estimated. The collateral cash flows are then aggregated and passed through the CDO cash flow distribution “waterfall” to determine allocation to the super senior tranche. Finally, the cash flows allocated to the super senior tranche are discounted at a risk-weighted interest rate to arrive at the estimated fair value of the super senior exposures. The primary drivers that will impact the super senior valuations are housing prices, interest and unemployment rates as well as the discount rates used to present value projected cash flows.

Prior to the rating agency actions and other market developments that occurred during the second half of 2007, Citigroup valued the CDO super senior exposures primarily in comparison to other AAA rated securities and associated spreads that resulted in such exposures generally being carried at par through June 30, 2007. Before the disruption in the subprime credit markets in the third quarter of 2007, the secondary market for CDO super senior subprime tranches was extremely limited and transfers of super senior tranches of newly created CDOs (or the credit default swap equivalent) were relatively rare and typically occurred in private transactions that may or may not have been observable. Even if observable, the CDO super senior subprime tranches subject

68

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

        The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Citigroup's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are not subject to valuation based on observable transactions. Accordingly, the fair value of these exposures is based on management's best estimates based on facts and circumstances as of the date of these consolidated financial statements.

        Citigroup's net CDO super senior subprime direct exposures, $18.1 billion at June 30, 2008, are Level 3 assets and are subject to valuation based on significant unobservable inputs. Accordingly, fair value of these exposures is based on estimates of the future cash flows from the mortgage loans underlying the assets of the ABS CDOs. To determine the performance of the underlying mortgage loan portfolios, the Company estimates the prepayments, defaults and loss severity based on a number of macro-economic factors, including housing price changes, unemployment rates and interest rates and borrower and loan attributes, such as age, credit scores, documentation status, loan-to-value (LTV) ratios, and debt-to-income (DTI) ratios. The model is calibrated using available mortgage loan information including historical loan performance. In addition, the methodology estimates the impact of geographic concentration of mortgages, and the impact of reported fraud in the origination of subprime mortgages. An appropriate discount rate is then applied to the cash flows generated for each super senior ABS CDO tranche, in order to estimate its current fair value.

        When necessary, the valuation methodology used by Citigroup is refined and the inputs used for the purposes of estimation are modified, in part, to reflect ongoing market developments. More specifically, two refinements were made

111

during the first quarter of 2008: a more direct method of calculating estimated housing-price changes and a more refined method for calculating the discount rate. During the fourth quarter 2007, housing-price changes were estimated using a series of factors including projected national housing-price changes. During the first quarter of 2008, housing-price changes were estimated using a forward looking projection based on the S&P Case-Shiller Home Price Index. This change facilitates a more direct estimation of subprime house price changes. Prior to the first quarter of 2008, the discount rate used was based on observable CLO spreads applicable to the assumed rating of each ABS CDO super senior tranche. During the first and second quarters of 2008, the discount rate was based on a weighted average combination of the implied spreads from single named ABS bond prices, ABX indices and CLO spreads depending on vintage and asset types. This refinement was made, in part, in response to the combination of continuing rating agency downgrades of RMBS and ABS CDOs and the absence of observable CLO spreads at the resulting rating levels.

        Consistent with the first quarter of 2008, the second quarter housing-price changes were estimated using a forward-looking projection based on the S&P Case-Shiller Home Price Index. In addition, during the second quarter of 2008, the discount rates continued to be based on a weighted average combination of the implied spreads from single named ABS bond prices, ABX indices and CLO spreads depending on vintage and asset types.

        The primary drivers that currently impact the super senior valuations are the discount rates used to calculate the present value of projected cash flows and projected mortgage loan performance.

        Given the above, the Company's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures were classified in Level 3 of the fair-value hierarchy.

        For most of the lending and structuring direct subprime exposures (excluding super seniors), fair value is determined utilizing observable transactions where available, other market data for similar assets in markets that are not active and other internal valuation techniques.

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

        The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Citigroup's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures are not subject to valuation based on observable transactions. Accordingly, the fair value of these exposures is based on management's best estimates based on facts and circumstances as of the date of these consolidated financial statements.

        Citigroup's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures, $22.7 billion at March 31, 2008, are Level 3 assets and are subject to valuation based on significant unobservable inputs. Accordingly, fair value of these exposures is based on estimates of the future cash flows from the mortgage loans underlying the assets of the ABS CDOs. To determine the performance of the underlying mortgage loan portfolios , the Company estimates the prepayments, defaults and loss severity based on a number of macro-economic factors, including housing price changes, unemployment rates and interest rates and borrower and loan attributes such as age, credit scores, documentation status, loan-to-value (LTV) ratios, and debt-to-income (DTI) ratios. The model is calibrated using available mortgage loan information including historical loan performance. In addition, the methodology estimates the impact of geographic concentration of mortgages, and the impact of reported fraud in the origination of subprime mortgages. An appropriate discount rate is then applied to the cash flows generated for each super senior ABS CDO tranche, in order to estimate its current fair value.

        When necessary, the valuation methodology used by Citigroup is refined and the inputs used for the purposes of estimation are modified, in part, to reflect ongoing market developments. More specifically, two refinements were made

96

during the first quarter of 2008: a more direct method of calculating estimated housing-price changes and a more refined method for calculating the discount rate. During the fourth quarter 2007, housing-price changes were estimated using a series of factors including projected national housing-price changes. During the first quarter of 2008 housing-price changes were estimated using a forward looking projection based on the S&P Case-Shiller Home Price Index. This change facilitates a more direct estimation of subprime house price changes. Prior to the first quarter of 2008, the discount rate used was based on observable CLO spreads applicable to the assumed rating of each ABS CDO super senior tranche. During the first quarter of 2008, the discount rate was based on a weighted average combination of the implied spreads from single named ABS bond prices, ABX indices and CLO spreads depending on vintage and asset types. This refinement was made, in part, in response to the combination of continuing rating agency downgrades of RMBS and ABS CDOs and the absence of observable CLO spreads at the resulting rating levels.

        The primary drivers that currently impact the super senior valuations are the discount rates used to calculate the present value of projected cash flows and projected mortgage loan performance.

        Given the above, the Company's CDO super senior subprime direct exposures were classified in Level 3 of the fair-value hierarchy throughout 2007 and the first quarter of 2008.

        For most of the lending and structuring direct subprime exposures (excluding super seniors), fair value is determined utilizing observable transactions where available, other market data for similar assets in markets that are not active and other internal valuation techniques.

Subprime-Related Direct Exposures in CDOs

The Company accounts for its CDO super senior subprime direct exposures and the underlying securities on a fair-value basis with all changes in fair