EXC » Topics » Energy-Related Derivatives (Exelon, Generation, ComEd and PECO)

This excerpt taken from the EXC 10-Q filed Apr 24, 2009.

Energy-Related Derivatives (Exelon, Generation, ComEd and PECO)

Commodity Price Risk.    The Registrants are exposed to commodity price risk primarily relating to changes in the market price of electricity, natural gas, coal and emission allowances associated with price movements resulting from changes in supply and demand, fuel costs, market liquidity, weather, governmental regulatory and

 

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Table of Contents

EXELON CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

EXELON GENERATION COMPANY, LLC AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

COMMONWEALTH EDISON COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

PECO ENERGY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

COMBINED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

environmental policies, and other factors. Exelon seeks to mitigate its commodity price risk through the purchase and sale of electric capacity, energy and fossil fuels, including oil, natural gas, coal and emission allowances. Within Exelon, Generation has the most exposure to commodity price risk. Generation uses a variety of derivative and non-derivative instruments to manage the commodity price risk of its electric generation facilities, including power sales, fuel and energy purchases, and other energy-related products marketed and purchased. In order to manage these risks, Generation may enter into fixed-price derivative or non-derivative contracts to hedge the variability in future cash flows from forecasted sales of energy and purchases of fuel and energy. The objectives for entering into such hedges include fixing the price for a portion of anticipated future electricity sales at a level that provides an acceptable return on electric generation operations, fixing the price of a portion of anticipated fuel purchases for the operation of power plants, and fixing the price for a portion of anticipated energy purchases to supply load-serving customers. The portion of forecasted transactions hedged may vary based upon management’s policies and hedging objectives, the market, weather, operational and other factors. Generation is also exposed to differences between the locational settlement prices of certain economic hedges and the hedged generating units. This price difference is actively managed through other instruments which include financial transmission rights, whose changes in fair value are recognized in earnings each period, and auction revenue rights.

In general, increases and decreases in forward market prices have a positive and negative impact, respectively, on Generation’s owned and contracted generation positions which have not been hedged. Generation hedges commodity risk on a ratable basis over the three years leading to the spot market. As of February 28, 2009, the percentage of expected generation hedged was 91% - 94%, 81% - 84%, and 40% - 43% for 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. The percentage of expected generation hedged is the amount of equivalent sales divided by the expected generation. Expected generation represents the amount of energy estimated to be generated or purchased through owned or contracted capacity. Equivalent sales represent all hedging products, which include cash flow hedges, other derivatives and certain non-derivative contracts including sales to ComEd and PECO to serve their retail load.

ComEd has locked in a fixed price for a significant portion of its commodity price risk to Generation through the five-year financial swap contract that expires on May 31, 2013, which is discussed in more detail below under Illinois Settlement Financial Swap Contract. In addition, the contracts that Generation has entered into with ComEd and that ComEd has entered into with Generation and other suppliers as part of the ComEd power procurement agreements which are further discussed in Note 3 — Regulatory Issues, qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception to SFAS No. 133. Based on Illinois legislation and ICC-approved procurement methodologies permitting ComEd to recover its electricity procurement costs from retail customers with no markup, ComEd’s price risk related to power procurement is limited.

PECO has transferred substantially all of its commodity price risk related to its procurement of electricity to Generation through a PPA that expires December 31, 2010. The PPA is not considered a derivative under SFAS No. 133.

PECO’s natural gas procurement policy is designed to achieve a reasonable balance of long-term and short-term gas purchases under different pricing approaches in order to achieve system supply reliability at the least cost. PECO’s reliability strategy is two-fold. First, PECO must assure that there is sufficient transportation capacity to satisfy deliverability requirements. Second, PECO must ensure that a firm source of supply exists to utilize the capacity resources. All of PECO’s natural gas supply agreements that are derivatives qualify for the

 

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Table of Contents

EXELON CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

EXELON GENERATION COMPANY, LLC AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

COMMONWEALTH EDISON COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

PECO ENERGY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

COMBINED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

normal purchases and normal sales exception to SFAS No. 133. Additionally, in accordance with the 2008 PAPUC purchased gas cost clause (PGC) settlement and to reduce the exposure of PECO and its customers to natural gas price volatility, PECO has continued its program to purchase natural gas for both winter and summer supplies using a layered approach of locking-in prices ahead of each season with long-term gas purchase agreements (those with primary terms of at least twelve months). Under the terms of the 2008 PGC settlement, PECO is required to lock-in (i.e., economically hedge) the price of a minimum volume of its long-term gas commodity purchases. PECO’s gas-hedging program covers 20% to 25% of planned gas purchases in support of projected firm sales. The hedging program for gas procurement described above has no direct impact on PECO’s financial position or results of operations as fuel costs are fully recovered from customers under the PGC.

Proprietary Trading.    Generation also enters into certain energy-related derivatives for proprietary trading purposes. Proprietary trading includes all contracts entered into purely to profit from market price changes as opposed to hedging an exposure and is subject to limits established by Exelon’s Risk Management Committee. The proprietary trading activities, which included volumes of 2,331 gigawatt hours (GWhs) and 1,862 GWhs for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, are a complement to Generation’s energy marketing portfolio but represent a small portion of Generation’s revenue from energy marketing activities. Neither ComEd nor PECO enter into derivatives for proprietary trading purposes.

This excerpt taken from the EXC 10-Q filed Jul 23, 2008.

Energy-Related Derivatives (Exelon, Generation, ComEd and PECO)

Generation uses a variety of derivative and non-derivative instruments to manage the commodity price risk of its electric generation facilities, including power sales, fuel and energy purchases, and other energy-related products marketed and purchased. In order to manage these risks, Generation may enter into fixed-price derivative or non-derivative contracts to hedge the variability in future cash flows from forecasted sales of energy and purchases of fuel and energy. The objectives for entering into such hedges include fixing the price for a portion of anticipated future electricity sales at a level that provides an acceptable return on electric generation operations, fixing the price of a portion of anticipated fuel purchases for the operation of power plants, and fixing the price for a portion of anticipated energy purchases to supply load-serving customers. The portion of forecasted transactions hedged may vary based upon management’s assessment of the market, weather, operational, and other factors. Generation believes these instruments represent economic hedges that mitigate exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices. Under the provisions of SFAS No. 133, the economic hedges are recognized on the balance sheet at their fair value unless they qualify for the normal purchases or normal sales exception. For economic hedges that qualify and are designated as cash flow hedges, the portion of the derivative gain or loss that is effective in offsetting the change in the value of the underlying exposure is deferred in accumulated OCI and later reclassified into earnings when the underlying transaction occurs. For economic hedges that do not qualify or are not designated as cash flow hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in earnings each period and are classified as other derivatives in the following tables. Non-derivative contracts for access to additional generation and for sales to load-serving entities are accounted for primarily under the accrual method of accounting, which is further discussed in Note 19 of the Combined Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within Exelon’s 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ComEd has entered into certain other derivative instruments that do not qualify or are not designated as hedges under SFAS No. 133. ComEd believes these instruments represent economic hedges that mitigate exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices.

 

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Table of Contents

EXELON CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

EXELON GENERATION COMPANY, LLC AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

COMMONWEALTH EDISON COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

EXCERPTS ON THIS PAGE:

10-Q
Apr 24, 2009
10-Q
Jul 23, 2008
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