|
|
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
| |||||||||
General Growth Properties, Inc. 10-Q 2012
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012
or
For the Transition Period from to
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 1-34948
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(312) 960-5000 (Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). x Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). o Yes x No
Indicate by checkmark whether the Registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12,13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. x Yes o No
The number of shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value, outstanding on May 4, 2012 was 937,883,562.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
(UNAUDITED)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued) (UNAUDITED)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Readers of this Quarterly Report should refer to the Companys (as defined below) audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 which are included in the Companys annual report on Form 10-K (the Annual Report) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 (Commission File No. 1-34948), as certain footnote disclosures which would substantially duplicate those contained in our Annual Report have been omitted from this Quarterly Report. Capitalized terms used, but not defined in this Quarterly Report, have the same meanings as in our Annual Report.
General
General Growth Properties, Inc. (GGP, the Successor or the Company), a Delaware corporation, was organized in July 2010 and is a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, referred to as a REIT. GGP is the successor registrant, by merger, on November 9, 2010 to GGP, Inc. (the Predecessor). The Predecessor had filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code (Chapter 11) in the Southern District of New York on April 16, 2009 and emerged from bankruptcy, pursuant to a plan of reorganization (the Plan) on November 9, 2010. In these notes, the terms we, us and our refer to GGP and its subsidiaries or, in certain contexts, the Predecessor and its subsidiaries.
GGP, through its subsidiaries and affiliates, operates, manages, develops and acquires retail and other rental properties, primarily regional malls, which are predominantly located throughout the United States. GGP also holds assets in Brazil through investments in Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates (as defined below).
Substantially all of our business is conducted through GGP Limited Partnership (the Operating Partnership or GGPLP). As of March 31, 2012, GGP holds approximately a 99% common equity ownership (without giving effect to the potential conversion of the Preferred Units as defined below) of the Operating Partnership, while the remaining 1% is held by limited partners that indirectly include family members of the original stockholders of the Predecessor and certain previous contributors of properties to the Operating Partnership.
The Operating Partnership also has preferred units of limited partnership interest (the Preferred Units) outstanding. The terms of the Preferred Units provide that the Preferred Units are convertible into Common Units which then are redeemable for cash or, at our option, shares of GGP common stock (Note 9).
In addition to holding ownership interests in various joint ventures, the Operating Partnership generally conducts its operations through the following subsidiaries:
· The Rouse Company, LLC (TRCLLC), which has ownership interests in certain Consolidated Properties and Unconsolidated Properties (each as defined below) and is the borrower of certain unsecured bonds (Note 6).
· General Growth Management, Inc. (GGMI), a taxable REIT subsidiary (a TRS), which manages, leases, and performs various services for some of our Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates (defined below). GGMI also performs marketing and strategic partnership services at all of our Consolidated Properties.
In this Quarterly Report, we refer to our ownership interests in properties in which we own a majority or controlling interest and, as a result, are consolidated under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) as the Consolidated Properties. We also hold some properties through joint venture entities in which we own a noncontrolling interest (Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates) and we refer to those properties as the Unconsolidated Properties.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
NOTE 2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of GGP, our subsidiaries and joint ventures in which we have a controlling interest. For consolidated joint ventures, the noncontrolling partners share of the assets, liabilities and operations of the joint ventures (generally computed as the joint venture partners ownership percentage) is included in noncontrolling interests in Consolidated Real Estate Affiliates as permanent equity of the Company. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
We operate in a single reportable segment referred to as our retail and other segment, which includes the operation, development and management of retail and other rental properties, primarily regional malls. Our portfolio of regional malls represents a collection of retail properties that are targeted to a range of market sizes and consumer tastes. Each of our operating properties is considered a separate operating segment, as each property earns revenues and incurs expenses, individual operating results are reviewed and discrete financial information is available. We do not distinguish or group our consolidated operations based on geography, size or type. Further, all material operations are within the United States and no customer or tenant comprises more than 10% of consolidated revenues. As a result, the Companys operating properties are aggregated into a single reportable segment.
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and in conformity with the rules and regulations of the SEC applicable to interim financial information. As such, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in complete annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods have been included. The results for the interim period ended March 31, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be obtained for the full fiscal year.
Reclassifications
Certain prior period amounts in the consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Amounts included on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for properties sold have been reclassified to discontinued operations for all periods presented. In addition, four properties previously classified as held for sale were reclassified as held for use in the first quarter of 2012 and are presented within continuing operations for all periods presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements (Note 4). Lastly, prior period statement of operations disclosures in the accompanying footnotes have been restated to include the impacts of discontinued operations.
Transactions with Affiliates
Management fees and other corporate revenues primarily represent management and leasing fees, development fees, financing fees and fees for other ancillary services performed for the benefit of certain of the Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates and are reported at 100% of the revenue earned from the joint venture. Our share of the management fee expense incurred by the Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates is reported within Equity in income of Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) and in property management and other costs in the Condensed Combined Statements of Income in Note 5. The following are fees earned from the Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates which are included in management fees and other corporate revenues on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss):
In connection with the spin-off of Rouse Properties, Inc. (RPI Spin-Off), we have entered into a Transition Services Agreement (TSA) with RPI. Per the terms of the TSA, we have agreed to provide certain leasing, asset
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
management, legal and other services to RPI for established fees, which were not material for the three months ended March 31, 2012.
Impairment
Operating properties
Accounting for the impairment of long-lived assets requires that if impairment indicators exist and the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset are less than its carrying amount, an impairment provision should be recorded to write down the carrying amount of such asset to its fair value. We review our consolidated assets for potential impairment indicators whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
Impairment indicators are assessed separately for each property and include, but are not limited to, significant decreases in real estate property net operating income, significant occupancy percentage changes, debt maturities, managements intent with respect to the assets and prevailing market conditions.
Impairment indicators for pre-development costs, which are typically costs incurred during the beginning stages of a potential development and developments in progress are assessed by project and include, but are not limited to, significant changes in the Companys plans with respect to the project, significant changes in projected completion dates, tenant demand, anticipated revenues or cash flows, development costs, market factors and sustainability of development projects.
If an indicator of potential impairment exists, the asset is tested for recoverability by comparing its carrying amount to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows. The cash flow estimates used both for determining recoverability and estimating fair value are inherently judgmental and reflect current and projected trends in rental, occupancy and capitalization rates, and estimated holding periods for the applicable assets. Although the carrying amount may exceed the estimated fair value of certain assets, a real estate asset is only considered to be impaired when its carrying amount cannot be recovered through estimated future undiscounted cash flows. To the extent an impairment provision is determined to be necessary, the excess of the carrying amount of the asset over its estimated fair value is expensed to operations. In addition, the impairment provision is allocated proportionately to adjust the carrying amount of the asset group. The adjusted carrying amount, which represents the new cost basis of the asset, is depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset.
We estimate fair value relating to impairment assessments based upon discounted cash flow and direct capitalization models that include all projected cash inflows and outflows over a specific holding period, or the negotiated sales price, if applicable. Such projected cash flows are comprised of unobservable inputs which include contractual rental revenues and forecasted rental revenues and expenses based upon market conditions and expectations for growth. Capitalization rates and discount rates utilized in these models were based upon observable rates that we believed to be within a reasonable range of current market rates for each property analyzed. Based upon these inputs, we determined that our valuations of properties using a discounted cash flow or a direct capitalization model were classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. For our properties for which the estimated fair value was based on estimated sales prices, we determined that our valuation was classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we recorded impairment charges of $20.3 million on two of our operating properties, as the sales prices of these properties were less than the carrying values. These impairment charges are included in discontinued operations in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). No provisions for impairment were necessary for the three months ended March 31, 2011.
Investment in Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates
According to the guidance related to the equity method of accounting for investments, a series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate that an other-than-temporary decrease in value of our investment in the Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates has occurred. The investment in each of the Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates is evaluated periodically and as deemed necessary for valuation declines below the carrying amount. Accordingly, in addition to the property-specific impairment analysis that we perform for such joint ventures (as part
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
of our operating property impairment process described above), we also considered whether there were other-than-temporary impairments with respect to the carrying values of our Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates.
We did not record any provisions for impairment related to our investments in Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.
General
Impairment charges could be taken in the future if economic conditions change or if the plans regarding such assets change. Therefore, we can provide no assurance that material impairment charges with respect to our assets, including operating properties, investments in Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates and developments in progress, will not occur in future periods. Accordingly, we will continue to monitor circumstances and events in future periods to determine whether impairments are warranted.
Fair Value Measurements
The accounting principles for fair value measurements establish a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include:
· Level 1 - defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;
· Level 2 - defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and
· Level 3 - defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.
The impairment section above includes a discussion of properties measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis using Level 2 and Level 3 inputs. Fair value of financial instruments below includes a discussion of the fair value of debt, which is measured on a recurring basis using Level 2 and Level 3 inputs. Note 8 includes a discussion of the warrant liability which is measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs.
As of March 31, 2012 and 2011, we do not have any assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair values of our financial instruments approximate their carrying amount in our consolidated financial statements except for debt. Managements estimates of fair value are presented below for our debt as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.
The fair value of our Junior Subordinated Notes approximates their carrying amount as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. We estimated the fair value of all debt, using Level 2 and Level 3 inputs based on recent financing transactions, estimates of the fair value of the property that serves as collateral for such debt, historical risk premiums for loans of comparable quality, current London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), U.S. treasury obligation interest rates and on the discounted estimated future cash payments to be made on such debt. The discount rates estimated reflect our judgment as to what the approximate current lending rates for loans or groups of loans with similar maturities and credit quality would be if credit markets were operating efficiently and assume that the debt is outstanding through maturity. We have utilized market information as available or present value techniques to estimate the amounts required to be disclosed. Since such amounts are estimates that are based on limited available market information for similar transactions and do not acknowledge transfer or other repayment
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
restrictions that may exist in specific loans, it is unlikely that the estimated fair value of any of such debt could be realized by immediate settlement of the obligation.
NOTE 3 ACQUISITIONS AND INTANGIBLES
Acquisitions
During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we acquired two anchor boxes for an aggregate purchase price of $12.8 million.
Intangible Assets and Liabilities
The following table summarizes our intangible assets and liabilities:
The gross asset balances of the in-place value of tenant leases are included in buildings and equipment in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The above-market tenant leases and below-market ground leases are included in prepaid expenses and other assets (Note 12); the below-market tenant leases and above-market ground leases are included in accounts payable and accrued expenses (Note 13) in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Amortization/accretion of these intangibles had the following effects on our loss from continuing operations:
Future amortization/accretion is estimated to decrease net income by approximately $301.2 million for the remainder of 2012, $335.2 million in 2013, $284.5 million in 2014, $242.2 million in 2015 and $201.7 million in 2016.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
NOTE 4 DISPOSITIONS, DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS AND GAINS (LOSSES) ON DISPOSITIONS OF INTERESTS IN OPERATING PROPERTIES
On March 2, 2012, we sold our interest in Village of Cross Keys for $25.0 million. We received $8.0 million in cash and entered into a secured note receivable with the buyer for $17.0 million.
On February 21, 2012, we sold Grand Traverse Mall to RPI. Prior to the sale, the lender forgave $18.9 million of the secured indebtedness. This amount is recorded as a gain on extinguishment of debt and included in discontinued operations in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive income (Loss). RPI assumed the remaining $62.0 million of debt on the property as consideration for the sale.
On January 12, 2012, we completed the spin-off of RPI, a 30-mall portfolio totaling approximately 21 million square feet. The RPI Spin-off was accomplished through a special dividend of the common stock of RPI to holders of GGP common stock as of December 30, 2011. Subsequent to the spin-off, we retained a 1% interest in RPI.
All of our 2012 and 2011 dispositions are included in discontinued operations in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) and are summarized in the table below. In the first quarter of 2012, we revised our intent with respect to four properties previously classified as held for sale. As we no longer met the criteria for held for sale treatment, we reclassified these four properties as held for use in our Consolidated Balance Sheet and as continuing operations in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for all periods presented. These properties have been measured at the lower of the carrying amount before the asset was classified as held for sale, adjusted for any depreciation and amortization expense that would have been recognized had the asset been continuously classified as held and used, and fair value at the date of decision not to sell.
The following table summarizes the operations of the properties included in discontinued operations.
NOTE 5 UNCONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE AFFILIATES
The Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates represents our investments in real estate joint ventures. Generally, we share in the profits and losses, cash flows and other matters relating to our investments in Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates in accordance with our respective ownership percentages. We manage most of the properties owned by these joint ventures. As we have joint control of these ventures with our venture partners, we account for these joint ventures under the equity method.
In certain circumstances, we have debt obligations in excess of our pro rata share of the debt of our Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates (Retained Debt). This Retained Debt represents distributed debt proceeds of the Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates in excess of our pro rata share of the non-recourse mortgage indebtedness of such Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates. The proceeds of the Retained Debt which are distributed to us are
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
included as a reduction in our investment in Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates. Such Retained Debt totaled $130.1 million as of March 31, 2012 and $130.6 million as of December 31, 2011. We are obligated to contribute funds to our Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates in amounts sufficient to pay debt service on such Retained Debt. If we do not contribute such funds, our distributions from such Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates, or our interest in, could be reduced to the extent of such deficiencies. As of March 31, 2012, we do not anticipate an inability to perform on our obligations with respect to such Retained Debt.
Indebtedness secured by our Unconsolidated Properties was $5.89 billion as of March 31, 2012 and $5.80 billion as of December 31, 2011. Our proportionate share of such debt was $2.82 billion as of March 31, 2012 and $2.78 billion as of December 31, 2011, including Retained Debt. There can be no assurance that the Unconsolidated Properties will be able to refinance or restructure such debt on acceptable terms or otherwise, or that joint venture operations or contributions by us and/or our partners will be sufficient to repay such loans.
Condensed Combined Financial Information of Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates
Following is summarized financial information for our Unconsolidated Real Estate Affiliates.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
NOTE 6 MORTGAGES, NOTES AND LOANS PAYABLE
Mortgages, notes and loans payable are summarized as follows:
The weighted-average interest rate excluding the effects of deferred finance cost on our collateralized mortgages, notes and loans payable was 5.15% at March 31, 2012 and 5.13% December 31, 2011. The weighted average interest rate on the remaining corporate unsecured fixed and variable rate debt and the revolving credit facility was 6.22% at March 31, 2012 and 6.18% at December 31, 2011.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
We are not aware of any instances of non-compliance with our financial covenants related to our mortgages, notes and loans payable as of March 31, 2012.
Collateralized Mortgages, Notes and Loans Payable
As of March 31, 2012, $21.50 billion of land, buildings and equipment and developments in progress (before accumulated depreciation) have been pledged as collateral for our mortgages, notes and loans payable. Certain of these secured loans, representing $2.54 billion of debt, are cross-collateralized with other properties. Although a majority of the $14.23 billion of fixed and variable rate collateralized mortgages, notes and loans payable are non-recourse, $2.25 billion of such mortgages, notes and loans payable are recourse to the Company due to guarantees or other security provisions for the benefit of the note holder. In addition, certain mortgage loans contain other credit enhancement provisions (primarily master leases for all or a portion of the property) which have been provided by GGP. Certain mortgages, notes and loans payable may be prepaid but are generally subject to a prepayment penalty equal to a yield-maintenance premium, defeasance or a percentage of the loan balance.
Corporate and Other Unsecured Loans
We have certain unsecured debt obligations, the terms of which are described below.
GGP Capital Trust I, a Delaware statutory trust (the Trust) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of GGPLP, completed a private placement of $200.0 million of trust preferred securities (TRUPS) in 2006. The Trust also issued $6.2 million of Common Securities to GGPLP. The Trust used the proceeds from the sale of the TRUPS and Common Securities to purchase $206.2 million of floating rate Junior Subordinated Notes of GGPLP due 2041. Distributions on the TRUPS are equal to LIBOR plus 1.45%. Distributions are cumulative and accrue from the date of original issuance. The TRUPS mature on April 30, 2041, but may be redeemed beginning on April 30, 2011 if the Trust exercises its right to redeem a like amount of the Junior Subordinated Notes. The Junior Subordinated Notes bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.45%. Though the Trust is a wholly-owned subsidiary of GGPLP, we are not the primary beneficiary of the Trust and, accordingly, it is not consolidated for accounting purposes. As a result, we have recorded the Junior Subordinated Notes as Mortgages, Notes and Loans Payable and our common equity interest in the Trust as Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.
We have publicly-traded unsecured bonds of $1.65 billion outstanding as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. Such bonds have maturity dates from September 2012 through November 2015 and interest rates ranging from 5.38% to 7.20%. The bonds have covenants, including ratios of secured debt to gross assets and total debt to total gross assets. We expect to repay the $349.5 million of bonds that are due in September 2012 with available cash on-hand.
We entered into a revolving credit facility (the Facility) providing for revolving loans of up to $750.0 million retaining the right, in certain circumstances, to borrow up to $1.00 billion. The Facility is scheduled to mature in November 2013 and is guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries and secured by (i) first lien mortgages on certain properties, (ii) first-lien pledges of equity interests in certain of our subsidiaries and (iii) various additional collateral. Subsequent to March 31, 2012, we obtained a $1.00 billion secured corporate line of credit (Note 16). The new facility is guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries and secured by first-lien pledges of equity interests in certain of our subsidiaries. In connection with the new facility, the Company terminated its $750.0 million revolving credit facility.
No amounts have been drawn on the Facility. Borrowings under the Facility bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 4.5%. The Facility contains certain restrictive covenants which limit material changes in the nature of our business conducted, including but not limited to, mergers, dissolutions or liquidations, dispositions of assets, liens, incurrence of additional indebtedness, dividends, transactions with affiliates, prepayment of subordinated debt, negative pledges and changes in fiscal periods. In addition, we are required to maintain a maximum net debt to value ratio, a maximum leverage ratio and a minimum net cash interest coverage ratio and we are not aware of any instances of non-compliance with such covenants as of March 31, 2012.
Letters of Credit and Surety Bonds
We had outstanding letters of credit and surety bonds of $19.3 million as of March 31, 2012 and $19.1 million as of December 31, 2011. These letters of credit and bonds were issued primarily in connection with insurance requirements, special real estate assessments and construction obligations.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
NOTE 7 INCOME TAXES
We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under sections 850-860 of the Internal Revenue Code. We intend to maintain REIT status. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including requirements to distribute at least 90% of our ordinary taxable income and to either distribute capital gains to stockholders, or pay corporate income tax on the undistributed capital gains. In addition, the Company is required to meet certain asset and income tests.
As a REIT, we will generally not be subject to corporate level Federal income tax on taxable income we distribute currently to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to Federal income taxes at regular corporate rates (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) and may not be able to qualify as a REIT for four subsequent taxable years. Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain state and local taxes on our income or property, and to Federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed taxable income. Generally, we are currently open to audit by the Internal Revenue Service for the years ending December 31, 2008 through 2011 and are open to audit by state taxing authorities for years ending December 31, 2007 through 2011. Two of the Predecessors taxable REIT subsidiaries distributed as part of HHC were subject to IRS audit for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008. On February 9, 2011, the two taxable REIT subsidiaries received statutory notices of deficiency (90-day letters) seeking $144.1 million in additional tax. The two taxable REIT subsidiaries filed petitions in the U.S. Tax Court on May 6, 2011 and the government filed answers on July 6, 2011. It is the Predecessors position that the tax law in question has been properly applied and reflected in the 2007 and 2008 returns for these two taxable REIT subsidiaries. However, as the result of the IRS position, the Predecessor previously provided appropriate levels for the additional taxes sought by the IRS, through its uncertain tax position liability or deferred tax liabilities. Although the Predecessor believes the tax returns are correct, the final determination of tax examinations and any related litigation could be different than what was reported on the returns. In the opinion of management, the Predecessor has made adequate tax provisions for the years subject to examination.
Based on our assessment of the expected outcome of examinations that are in process or may commence, or as a result of the expiration of the statute of limitations for specific jurisdictions, we do not expect that the related unrecognized tax benefits, excluding accrued interest, for tax positions taken regarding previously filed tax returns will materially change from those recorded at December 31, 2011 during the next twelve months.
Pursuant to the terms of the Investment Agreements, the Plan Sponsors and Blackstone were issued 120,000,000 warrants (the Warrants) to purchase common stock of GGP. Each GGP Warrant has a term of seven years and expires on November 9, 2017. The Brookfield Investor Warrants and the Blackstone (A and B) Investor Warrants are immediately exercisable, while the Fairholme Warrants and the Pershing Square Warrants will be exercisable (for the initial 6.5 years from the issuance) only upon 90 days prior notice. No Warrants were exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. Below is a summary of the Warrants received by the Plan Sponsors and Blackstone.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
The Warrants were fully vested upon issuance and the exercise prices are subject to adjustment for future dividends, stock dividends, distribution of assets, stock splits or reverse splits of our common stock or certain other events. As a result of these investment provisions, as of the record date of our common stock dividends, the number of shares issuable upon exercise of the outstanding Warrants was increased as follows:
In addition to the adjustment for the cash distribution, as a result of the RPI Spin-off, the exercise price of the Warrants were adjusted by $0.3943 for the Brookfield Investor and Blackstone and by $0.3852 for the Fairholme, Pershing Square and Blackstone, on the record date of December 30, 2011, and the total number of issuable shares was 131,748,000.
The estimated fair value of the Warrants was $1.13 billion on March 31, 2012 and $986.0 million on December 31, 2011 and is recorded as a liability as the holders of the Warrants could require GGP to settle such warrants in cash in the circumstance of a subsequent change of control. Changes in the fair value of the Warrants are recognized in earnings. The fair value of the Warrants was estimated using the Black Scholes option pricing model using our stock price, the Warrant term, and Level 3 inputs (Note 2). An increase in the expected volatility of the Warrants would increase the fair value; whereas, an increase in the discount for lack of marketability would decrease the fair value. The discount for lack of marketability represents the costs associated with selling the warrants to another party. The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the Warrants and significant observable and unobservable inputs used in the valuation as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
The following table summarizes the change in fair value of the Warrant liability which is measured on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs:
NOTE 9 EQUITY AND REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS
Noncontrolling Interests
The minority interests related to our common and preferred Operating Partnership units are presented as redeemable noncontrolling interests in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, presented at the greater of the carrying amount adjusted for the noncontrolling interests share of the allocation of income or loss (and its share of other comprehensive income or loss) and dividends or their fair value as of each measurement date. The common redeemable noncontrolling interests have been presented at fair value for all periods presented. One tranche of preferred redeemable noncontrolling interests has been presented at fair value, while the other tranches of preferred redeemable noncontrolling interests have been presented at carrying value plus allocated loss and other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2012. All preferred redeemable noncontrolling interest have been presented at carrying value plus allocated loss and other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2011. The excess of the fair value over the carrying amount from period to period is recorded within additional paid-in capital in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Allocation to noncontrolling interests is presented as an adjustment to net income to arrive at net loss attributable to common stockholders.
Generally, the holders of the Common Units share in any distributions by the Operating Partnership with our common stockholders. However, the Operating Partnership agreement permits distributions solely to GGP if such distributions were required to allow GGP to comply with the REIT distribution requirements or to avoid the imposition of excise tax. Under certain circumstances, the conversion rate for each Common Unit is required to be adjusted to give effect to stock distributions. As a result, the common stock dividends paid in 2011 modified the conversion rate to 1.0397624. The aggregate amount of cash that would have been paid to the holders of the outstanding Common Units as of March 31, 2012 if such holders had requested redemption of the Common Units as of March 31, 2012, and all such Common Units were redeemed or purchased pursuant to the rights associated with such Common Units for cash, would have been $116.6 million.
Pursuant to the Plan, holders of the Convertible Preferred Units received their previously accrued and unpaid dividends net of the applicable taxes and reinstatement of their preferred units in the Operating Partnership.
The Operating Partnership issued Convertible Preferred Units, which are convertible, with certain restrictions, at any time by the holder into Common Units of the Operating Partnership at the rates below (subject to adjustment). The Common Units are convertible into common stock at a one to one ratio at the current stock price. The convertible preferred units are carried at the greater of contractual redemption value or fair value (based on current stock price).
The holders of both the preferred units and the Common Units received shares of the common stock of RPI as a result of the spin-off that occurred on January 12, 2012.
GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||