Kraft Foods (KFT)

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Kraft Foods Inc. (NYSE: KFT) is the largest food and beverage company headquartered in North America and the second-largest in the world after Nestlé SA, generating $40.4 billion in revenue in 2009.^[1] With 97,000 employees in over 70 countries, the firm operates in two main segments: Kraft North America Commercial and Kraft International Commercial. In addition to these two geographical divisions, Kraft's products are divided into one of five categories: snacks & cereals, beverages, cheese & dairy, grocery, and convenient meals. The company's largest customer is Wal-Mart Stores (WMT), which accounted for 16% of all sales in 2009.^[2]

In January 2010, Kraft purchased Cadbury plc (CBY) for $19 billion. The expanded Kraft, with estimated annual revenues worth more than $50 billion, is now able to reach to larger economies of scale in emerging markets.^[3] Additionally, the acquisition of Cadbury plc (CBY)'s product portfolio allows Kraft to better compete against candy makers like Hershey Foods (HSY) and Mars.

1 Company Overview
- 1.1 Quarterly Earnings
2 Segments
3 Trends & Forces
4 Competitors
5 References

Company Overview

Headquartered in Northfield, Illinois, Kraft Foods Inc. began in 1903 as a cheese manufacturer. The company is now the largest North America-based food and beverage company and the second largest in the world after Nestlé SA. From 1988 to March of 2007, tobacco giant Phillip Morris Company, now Altria Group (MO), owned and grew Kraft Foods, merging the food company with Nabisco and General Foods. Altria Group (MO) took Kraft public in 2001, maintaining an 88.1% stake until the completion of the spin off in 2007.

In January 2010, Kraft purchased Cadbury plc (CBY) for $19 billion. In addition to giving Kraft access to new international markets long inhabited by Cadbury, the company became the world's largest confectioner.^[7]

Quarterly Earnings

Q1 2010

In the first quarter of 2010, Kraft Foods generated revenues of $11.3 billion, an increase of 26% from the previous year; net income for the quarter nearly tripled to $1.88 billion.^[8] This quarter saw the essential completion of Kraft's acquisition of Cadbury plc (CBY) and the sale of its frozen pizza unit to Nestle (NSRGY) for $3.7 billion. As of April 16, 2010, Kraft owned 99.95% of Cadbury's shares and was in the process of selling Cadbury's Romania and Poland operations in accordance with the EU Commission's requirement.^[9] For February and March, Cadbury's organic growth was 8.2% with increased gum sales in the Americas and strong chocolate sales growth in the UK and Asia.^[10] During the quarter, all segments except for US Groceries and US Cheese had increased volume, which combined with $383 million from favorable foreign currency exchange rates to drive the increase in net revenues.^[11] Net revenues for US Beverages increased nearly 5% as a result of a 4% increase in volume and mix with higher sales of Maxwell House and Starbucks coffee. US Cheese revenues decreased by 5.5% as a result of lower net pricing, decreased volume, and higher advertising costs. Net revenues for the US Convenient Meals segment increased 4.8% with a nearly 5% increase in volume driven by increased sales of bacon, hot dogs, and Lunchables.^[12] US Groceries was flat for the quarter, with a decrease in revenues of 0.2%. The imact of the Cadbury acquisition was seen in US Snacks where revenues increased 16.3%, with more than 15% attributable to the acquisition.^[13] The company's Canada segment saw its revenues increase nearly 20% with a favorable exchange rate accounting for 11% and the Cadbury acquisition accounting for almost 8%. The Cadbury acquisition added 31% to Kraft Europe's revenues, which were up 40.5% in total. Favorable exchange rates added another 8% and volume added nearly 5%, but lower net pricing decreased revenues by 2.3%.^[14] The Developing Markets segment also benefited tremendously from the acquisition with Cadbury adding 49% to the segment's 67% growth. Favorable foreign exchange rates, higher volumes, and higher pricing drove increases in net revenues for nearly every geography within the segment. Lastly, the company's commodity costs decreased $80 million from Q1 2009.^[15]

Q2 2010

In the second quarter of 2010, Kraft Foods generated revenues of $12.25 billion, an increase of 25% from the previous year; net income for the quarter increased 13% from Q2 2009 to $939 million. Operating income increased 17% to $1.7 billion.^[16] Cadbury brands contributed 22.8% to the company's increased net revenues, while a favorable mix and volume increase contributed 2.2%. Losses due to lower net pricing were offset by stronger currency exchange rates.^[17] Strong performance in Europe and developing markets countered lackluster results from North America. Net revenues for US Beverages increased 6% with a 6.3% increase in favorable mix and volume; in particular, Kool-Aid, Capri Sun, and Maxwell House grew more than 10% and drove the increase in volume. Net revenues for US Cheese fell 10.1%. Volume fell for nearly every cheese category, which was coupled with higher dairy prices. The US Convenient Meals segment reported revenue growth of 1.6% based on increased volume and offset by lower net pricing. Net revenues for US Grocery fell more than 5%. Higher net pricing for Kraft Macaroni and Cheese was offset by a decline in volume for dressings, Cool Whip, and packaged desserts. Cadbury brands significantly contributed to US Snacks' 17.7% net revenues increase, despite lower volume and lower net pricing. Decreased shipments of cookies and crackers drove the decline in volume. For Canada and NA Foodservice, income from Cadbury brands combined with a favorable exchange rate to account for 19% of a nearly 22% increase in net revenues. Volume and net pricing increases made up the rest of the increase.^[18] The company is looking to advertising in North America to boost its results in the second half of the year. The company attributed its results to the continued difficult economic conditions and lower sales at a major retailer.^[19] In Europe, net revenues increased 34.1%, with nearly 32% of the increase resulting from the Cadbury acquisition. Volume and mix increased almost 8%, driven by cheese, chocolate, coffee, and biscuits; lower net pricing and unfavorable currency exchange rates depressed revenues by more than 5%. Revenues from Developing Markets almost doubled in Q2, increasing 73.4%. Cadbury's presence in developing markets accounted for 61.4% of the increased revenue with increased volume and mix in Central and Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Latin America (Brazil in particular) and Asia Pacific (China, Australia/New Zealand, and Indonesia drove performance) also saw increased volume and mix.^[20] A new factory in Brazil will produce Tang, chocolate, and eventually Trident Gum to help supply one of the company's most important markets. Sales of Tang in Brazil, its largest market, grew by 40% while sales of Trident increased more than 30% this year. Kraft's CEO and other officers have repeatedly stated that developing markets will be the largest recipients of investment in the near future.^[21]

Q3 2010

In the third quarter of 2010, Kraft generated revenues of $11.9 billion, an increase of 26.2% from the previous year; net income for the quarter fell 8.5% to $754 million. Operating income for the quarter grew 13% to $1.5 billion.^[22] The entire increase in revenues was due to the Cadbury acquisition since increases in volume and pricing were offset by the effects of unfavorable foreign currency exchange rates.^[23] The acquisition of Cadbury accounted for nearly all of the growth seen in the sectors affected by the merger, at times cloaking essentially flat results from most divisions. Discounting the Cadbury effect, Developing Markets had the largest improvement during the quarter with a 5% increase in volume and 2.1% increase in pricing, led by Brazil and China.^[24] In Europe, volume and pricing increases of 1.4% and 0.3%, respectively, were nullified by an 8.7% decrease in sales on account of the unfavorable exchange rate of the British pound to the USD. Volume was driven by coffee and cheese with higher pricing seen in biscuits and chocolate.^[25] For the Canada & North America Foodservice segment volume decreased by 4.2% but a favorable exchange rate (+3.6%) and higher pricing (+2.8%) led to overall growth in sales.^[26] U.S. Grocery Snacks, and Beverages were essentially flat for the quarter with higher pricing canceling out decreases in volume in the three segments. U.S. Cheese was able to pass increases in dairy prices along to customers, resulting in net pricing increases of 8.4%, but volume for the quarter fell 3.7%.^[27]

Segments

North America

Beverages

As a beverage manufacturer, Kraft produces primarily coffee, aseptic juice drinks, flavored water, and powdered beverages. The company's most popular brands of beverages in North America include Maxwell House coffee, Kool-Aid, and Country Time powdered beverages.

Cheese & Food Service

As a cheese & food service manufacturer, Kraft produces primarily natural, processed and cream cheeses. The company's popular brands within North America cheese & food service include Kraft Singles, Philadelphia cream cheese, and Velveeta.

Convenient Meals

As a convenient meals manufacturer, Kraft produces primarily frozen pizza, packaged dinners, lunch combinations and processed meats. The company's popular brands within North America Convenient Meals include DiGiorno, Kraft Macaroni & Cheese, and Oscar Mayer hot dogs.

In early January 2010, Kraft sold its frozen pizza business to Nestle (NSRGY) for $3.7 billion, approximately 2.3 times its total sales in 2009.^[28] The sale gave the company the extra funds necessary to increase their bid for Cadbury.^[29]

Grocery

As a grocery product manufacturer, Kraft produces primarily enhancers and desserts. The company's popular brands within North America Grocery include Jell-O, Grey Poupon, and A1 steak sauce.

Snacks & Cereals

As a snacks & cereals product manufacturer, Kraft produces primarily ready-to-eat cereals, cookies, crackers, salted snacks and Chocolate confectionery. The company's popular brands within North America Snacks & Cereals include Oreo, Planters nuts, and Ritz crackers.

With the acquisition of Cadbury, Kraft now owns the second-largest market share for gum - Trident and Dentyne - and the top market share for cough drops - Halls. The new brands also have majority market shares in Canada and Latin America. In 2010, the company is expected to control 15% of the world's chocolate and candy market.^[30]

In early September, Kraft and Barry Callebaut signed a deal whereby Kraft will outsource the majority of its cocoa products and industrial products to the Swiss company. Barry Callebaut previously had a supply contract with Cadbury but this new contract will double the value of the company's previous contract with Kraft.^[31]

International Sales

European Union Sales

Kraft Foods sales products from each of the five major food product categories, featuring brands familiar and unfamiliar to North America. With the acquisition of Cadbury, Kraft now owns the leading gum, chocolate, and candy brands in much of the EU. Its candy and gum brands are sold throughout the continent, but it also has significant presence in the chocolate markets of Poland, Russia, and France.

Developing Markets, Oceania, & North Asia Sales

The Developing Markets, Oceania & North Asia segment manufactures and sales many of the popular North American brands across each product category as well as some foreign brands. With the addition of Cadbury's brands, Kraft now has majority market shares in Australia, New Zealand, India, Thailand, and Malaysia for chocolate, gum, and/or candy.

Kraft's developing markets strategy is based around growing ten "power brands" in ten countries. Tang, Oreos, and Jacobs Coffee are some of the brands that have are particularly successful abroad and have allowed developing markets' to account for 21% of Kraft's total revenues.^[32] Tang sales increased 30% in these ten countries last year and organic sales have increased an average of 12.9% per year since 2006.^[33]

Middle East and Africa Sales

The Middle East and Africa region is a rapidly growing market for Kraft. The company plans to continue growth by increasing investments in the region and producing more of its power brands locally. The purchase of Cadbury has given Kraft the leading share of the African confection market.

Cadbury Acquisition

With the purchase of Cadbury (CBY) in 2010 for $19 billion, Kraft is expected to have annual revenues of more than $50 billion. The acquisition makes Kraft the world's largest chocolate and sugar confectioner, with a solid second place in the gum category thanks to Cadbury's Trident label.^[34] Perhaps more important than Cadbury's brands is the company's geographic reach; Kraft now has inroads into many developing world markets where it formerly had no presence. In India, for example, Cadbury (CBY) has had a presence for the past 60 years, selling chocolate, snacks, dairy, and other candies.^[35] The merger is also expected to affect players further down the supply chain, such as cocoa producers. It is possible that the producers may consolidate their operations in response to expected increased pressure for lower raw material prices.^[36]

As part of the deal's approval by European regulators, Kraft sold Cadbury's Romanian and Polish divisions. In Romania, Kraft sold Cadbury’s Kandia-Excelent chocolate, soft cake and candy business to Oryxa Capital, an investment fund.^[37] In Poland, Kraft sold Cadbury's E. Wedel brand of chocolates and candies to Lotte Group, however Kraft will retain Cadbury's other brands and two factories in the country.^[38]

Trends & Forces

Detrimental Supermarket Consolidation

For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, Kraft's five largest customers accounted for approximately 27%, 27% and 29%, respectively, of its net revenues, and the company's ten largest customers accounted for approximately 36%, 36% and 40%, respectively, of its net revenues. The company's largest customer, Wal-Mart Stores (WMT), accounted for approximately 16%, 16% and 15% of net revenues for 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Manufacturers like Kraft Foods are becoming increasingly dependent on a small number of retailers for sales volume, which gives these retailers (i.e. Wal-Mart Stores (WMT)) significant leverage to bargain for lower prices. This can negatively impact any firm whose goods are sold in supermarkets.^[39]

Increasing Raw Materials Prices Hurt Earnings

The company uses hedging techniques to minimize the impact of price fluctuations in its principal raw materials; however, such techniques do not completely protect Kraft Foods. Kraft is a major purchaser of milk, cheese, plastic, nuts, green coffee beans, cocoa, corn products, wheat, pork, poultry, beef, vegetable oil, sugar, other sweeteners and numerous other commodities. Kraft's commodities expenses are expected to rise $2 billion, or 13%, in 2008.^[40] In 2010, Kraft raised the price of its coffee products three times in an attempt to offset ever-increasing commodity costs. In 2010, the cost of coffee increased nearly 60%, the largest single year increase since 1994.^[41] If the company is unable to increase its prices to offset increased cost of commodities due to consumer sensitivity, Kraft Foods may experience lower profitability. Raw materials prices to watch are:

Strengthening Dollar Benefits Earnings

Product sales abroad represent over 41.4%, or nearly $17 billion, of Kraft's total revenue (pre-Cadbury acquisition). With more than 1/3 of its business conducted in a different currency and financial data reported in U.S. dollars, the company's performance fluctuates with changes in foreign exchange rates, especially the euro, Swiss franc, British pound and Canadian dollar. With a stronger US dollar each sale in a foreign currency translates to fewer dollars when returned to the United States, lowering revenue. Although the dollar vs. euro relationship has the greatest impact, Kraft has operations in 72 countries and sells its products in 160 countries, often making the impact of exchange rate fluctuations very complicated.

Growth in Emerging Markets Stimulates Demand

Coca-Cola Company (KO), Pepsico (PEP), Kraft Foods and other food and beverage manufacturers have seen strong growth in emerging markets in recent years. As incomes rise, packaged food becomes more accessible for a larger percentage of the population, stimulating demand for these companies' products. Kraft's Developing Markets, Oceania & North Asia sector has scene robust growth in recent years, generating $7.96 billion in 2009, $8.2 billion in 2008, and $5.98 billion in 2007. Further expansion into emerging markets was the primary stimulus behind the company's purchase of Cadbury.

Rising Demand for Organic Foods Hurts Kraft

Dean Foods Company (DF), Kraft, and other companies that sell dairy products in the U.S. are being harmed by an increase in natural & organic food consumption. Dairy farmers in the U.S. commonly use artificial growth hormones to increase milk production, which is not in keeping with organic practices. Companies such as Whole Foods Market (WFMI) benefit from organic demand.

Issues With Licensing and Distribution Partners Can Hurt Sales

Starbucks-Kraft Coffee Distribution Agreement

In December 2010, a battle over coffee distribution emerged between Kraft and Starbucks. Kraft has distributed Starbucks since 1998, growing the brand's sales from $50 million to nearly $500 million in 2010. Currently, the partnership generates approximately $128 million in profit that is split evenly between the two companies.^[42] While it is clear that Starbucks wishes to end the partnership, Kraft turned down Starbucks' buyout offer of $750 million and is instead taking them to court for breach of contract. It is estimated that Starbucks may have to pay up to $1.5 billion in severance fines to Kraft although the final amount will be determined in arbitration.^[43] Despite the loss of Starbucks, Kraft will still produce Maxwell House coffee and its Tassimo single-serving coffee machine. The booming demand for single-serving coffee home brewers is at the heart of this dispute. Under its contract with Kraft, Starbucks is limited to selling "pods" of its coffee only for the Tassimo brewer, which holds only a paltry 2.6% of the market. Keurig Home Brewer, owned by Green Mountain Coffee Roasters (GMCR) controls the market with 71% market share. The single-cup coffee market is still small, with approximately $200 million in sales in 2010, however it is growing twenty-eight times faster than the overall coffee market.^[44]

Competitors

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Kraft Foods Inc., is the largest food, beverage, and candy company headquartered in North America and the second largest in the world after Nestlé SA. The company's principal competitors include Pepsico (PEP), General Mills (GIS) , and Nestlé SA. Kraft produces foods and beverages across a wide variety of product categories, making way for competition with many specified, smaller companies.

References

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-'''Kraft Foods Inc.''' ([[NYSE Group|NYSE]]: KFT) is the largest food and beverage company headquartered in North America and the second-largest in the world after [[Nestlé SA]], generating $40.4 billion in revenue in 2009.<ref>[http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Kraft_Foods_(KFT)/Filing/10-K/2010/F47031348 KFT 2009 10-K, Item 6: Selected Financial Data, p. 17]</ref>  With 90,000 employees in over 70 countries, the firm operates in two main segments:  Kraft North America Commercial and Kraft International Commercial.  In addition to these two geographical divisions, Kraft's products are divided into one of five categories:  snacks & cereals, beverages, cheese & dairy, grocery, and convenient meals.  The company's largest customer is [[Wal-Mart Stores (WMT)]], which accounted for 16% of all sales in 2009.<ref>[http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Kraft_Foods_(KFT)/Filing/10-K/2010/F47031348 KFT 2009 10-K, Item 1: Business, p. 5]</ref>
+'''Kraft Foods Inc.''' ([[NYSE Group|NYSE]]: KFT) is the largest food and beverage company headquartered in North America and the second-largest in the world after [[Nestlé SA]], generating $40.4 billion in revenue in 2009.<ref>[http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Kraft_Foods_(KFT)/Filing/10-K/2010/F47031348 KFT 2009 10-K, Item 6: Selected Financial Data, p. 17]</ref>  With 97,000 employees in over 70 countries, the firm operates in two main segments:  Kraft North America Commercial and Kraft International Commercial.  In addition to these two geographical divisions, Kraft's products are divided into one of five categories:  snacks & cereals, beverages, cheese & dairy, grocery, and convenient meals.  The company's largest customer is [[Wal-Mart Stores (WMT)]], which accounted for 16% of all sales in 2009.<ref>[http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Kraft_Foods_(KFT)/Filing/10-K/2010/F47031348 KFT 2009 10-K, Item 1: Business, p. 5]</ref>
-In January 2010, Kraft purchased [[Cadbury plc (CBY)]] for $19 billion. The expanded Kraft, with estimated annual revenues worth more than $50 billion, is now able to reach to larger [[Economies of scale|economies of scale]] in [[Emerging Markets|emerging markets]].<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/20/business/global/20kraft.html?hp Kraft and Cadbury Agree on Friendly Merger, New York Times, 1/19/2010]</ref>  Additionally, the addition of [[Cadbury plc (CBY)]]'s product portfolio allows Kraft to better compete against candy makers like [[Hershey Foods (HSY)]] and '''Mars.'''
+In January 2010, Kraft purchased [[Cadbury plc (CBY)]] for $19 billion. The expanded Kraft, with estimated annual revenues worth more than $50 billion, is now able to reach to larger [[Economies of scale|economies of scale]] in [[Emerging Markets|emerging markets]].<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/20/business/global/20kraft.html?hp Kraft and Cadbury Agree on Friendly Merger, New York Times, 1/19/2010]</ref>  Additionally, the acquisition of [[Cadbury plc (CBY)]]'s product portfolio allows Kraft to better compete against candy makers like [[Hershey Foods (HSY)]] and '''Mars.'''
 In December 2010, a battle over coffee distribution emerged between Kraft and [[Starbucks]].  Kraft has distributed Starbucks since 1998, growing the brand's sales from $50 million to nearly $500 million in 2010.  Currently, the partnership generates approximately $128 million in profit that is split evenly between the two companies.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/07/business/07coffee.html?pagewanted=1&_r=1 Starbucks and Kraft Escalate Battle Over Marketing Pact, NYTimes, 12/6/10]</ref>  While it is clear that [[Starbucks]] wishes to end the partnership, Kraft turned down [[Starbucks|Starbucks']] buyout offer of $750 million and is instead taking them to court for breach of contract.  At the heart of the dispute is [[Starbucks (SBUX)|Starbucks']] desire to sell its coffee in other companies' single-cup coffee home brew machines.<ref>[http://www.journalgazette.net/article/20110110/BIZ/301109948/1031/BIZ Starbucks Left Out of K-Cups, The Journal Gazette, 1/10/11]</ref>  It is estimated that [[Starbucks]] may have to pay up to $1.5 billion in severance fines to Kraft although the final amount will be determined in arbitration.<ref>[http://www.commodityonline.com/news/Bitter-coffee-divorce-Kraft-v-Starbucks-34577-3-1.html Bitter Coffee Divorce: Kraft v. Starbucks, Commodity Online, 12/15/10]</ref>  Despite the loss of [[Starbucks]], Kraft will still produce Maxwell House coffee and its Tassimo single-serving coffee machine.
 ==Company Overview==
-Headquartered in Northfield, Illinois, Kraft Foods Inc. began in 1903 as a cheese manufacturer.  The company is now the largest North America-based food and beverage company and the second largest in the world after [[Nestlé SA]].  From 1988 to March of 2007, tobacco giant Phillip Morris Company, now [[Altria Group (MO)]], owned and grew Kraft Foods, merging the food company with Nabisco and General Foods.  [[Altria Group (MO)]] took Kraft public in 2001, maintaining an 88.1% stake in the stock until the completion of the spin off in 2007.
+Headquartered in Northfield, Illinois, Kraft Foods Inc. began in 1903 as a cheese manufacturer.  The company is now the largest North America-based food and beverage company and the second largest in the world after [[Nestlé SA]].  From 1988 to March of 2007, tobacco giant Phillip Morris Company, now [[Altria Group (MO)]], owned and grew Kraft Foods, merging the food company with Nabisco and General Foods.  [[Altria Group (MO)]] took Kraft public in 2001, maintaining an 88.1% stake until the completion of the spin off in 2007.
 In January 2010, Kraft purchased [[Cadbury plc (CBY)]] for $19 billion.  In addition to giving Kraft access to new international markets long inhabited by [[Cadbury plc (CBY)|Cadbury]], the company became the world's largest confectioner.<ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/01/19/kraft-cadbury-deal-announ_n_427988.html A Sweet Offer: Kraft To Buy Candymaker Cadbury for $19.5 Billion, Huffington Post, 1/19/10]</ref>
 ====Quarterly Earnings====
-'''Q1 2009'''
-In the first quarter of 2009, Kraft posted revenues of $9.4 billion, a 6.5% decrease from Q1 2008 figures; net income increased 10.2% to $660 million.<ref name=1q200920>{{cite 10k|ticker=HNZ|link=http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/H.J._Heinz_Company_%28HNZ%29/Filing/10-K/2009/F1296052 |year=2009|form=10-K|page=20}}</ref>  Unfavorable currency fluctuations decreased revenues by 7.9% during the quarter due primarily to the strength of the U.S. dollar against the euro, Canadian dollar, Brazilian real, Russian ruble and British pound.<ref name=1q200920/>  The company did benefit from higher net pricing which increased revenues by 5.7%, however, this also contributed to a decrease in volume which lowered revenues by 3.4%.  The increase in net income is a result of Kraft's ability to maintain costs and operating expenses as prices increased, contributing to a higher margin.<ref name=1q200920/>
-'''Q2 2009'''
-In the second quarter of 2009, Kraft posted revenues of $10.2 billion, a 5.9% decrease from year prior figures; net income increased 11% to $827 million.<ref name=2q09p24>{{cite 10k|ticker=KFT|link=http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Kraft_Foods_%28KFT%29/Filing/10-K/2010/F47031348 | year=2009|form=10-Q|page=24}}</ref>  Like most multinational, American based food companies, Kraft suffered from adverse currency shifts which decreased revenues by 8.1% during the quarter.  This decrease was augmented from divestiture charges as a result of Kraft's split-off of it's '''Post''' cereal unit.  These decreases were countered by .2% increase in volume as well as a 3.1% increase in net pricing across the company's units.<ref name=2q09p24/>  Kraft continued to benefit from company wide cost decreases as a result of its restructuring program which ended in 2008.  All of Kraft's US segments enjoyed moderate growth during the quarter, save its cheese unit which was forced to cut prices as a result of decreases in the prices of its [[Dairy]] inputs.  Its international units all suffered from sluggish growth, which only augmented trouble caused by the [[U.S. Dollar (USD)|weakening of the US dollar]].  Net income growth was mostly the result of the elimination of costs relating to the company's restructuring plan and lower losses on divestitures.  Ignoring these charges, net income would have remained roughly unchanged from the previous year.
-<ref name=2q09p1>{{cite 10k|ticker=KFT|link=http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Kraft_Foods_%28KFT%29/Filing/10-K/2010/F47031348 | year=2009|form=10-Q|page=1}}</ref>
-'''Q3 2009'''
-In the third quarter of 2009, Kraft Foods generated revenues of $9.8 billion, a decrease of 5.7% from the Q3 2008; net income for the quarter decreased 39.5% from the previous year.<ref>[[stock:Kraft_Foods_%28KFT%29/Filing/10-Q/2009/F47031349 | KFT Q3 2009 10-Q, p. 1]]</ref>  However, operating income prior to taxes increased 38.7%; this is not reflected in net income because Q3 2008 included $845 million gained from the sale of Post cereals in that quarter.  The strengthening US Dollar decreased net revenues by $578 million, a 5.6% decline.<ref>[[stock:Kraft_Foods_%28KFT%29/Filing/10-Q/2009/F47031349 | KFT Q3 2009 10-Q, p. 25]]</ref>  Despite decreased total revenues in six of the company’s eight operating segments, operating income increased in all eight sectors.  The largest improvements were seen in Kraft Foods Europe (increased $96 million, 83.5%), U.S. Beverages (increased $50 million, 60.2%), U.S. Convenient Meals (increased $48 million, 60.8%), and U.S. Grocery (increased $22 million, 9.3%).  Nearly every sector benefited from lower raw material costs, lower manufacturing costs, and lower costs as a result of a corporate restructuring program. <ref>[[stock:Kraft_Foods_%28KFT%29/Filing/10-Q/2009/F47031349 | KFT Q3 2009 10-Q, p. 31-36]]</ref>
-'''Q4 2009'''
-In the fourth quarter of 2009, Kraft Foods generated revenues of $11 billion, an increase of 3.2% from Q4 2008; net income for the quarter increased nearly fourfold from the previous year.<ref>[http://www.google.com/finance?q=NYSE:KFT&fstype=ii Financial Statement for Kraft Foods, Google Finance]</ref>  Operating income also quadrupled from the previous year, primarily as a result of lower costs since the completion of the 2008 restructuring program.<ref>[http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Kraft_Foods_%28KFT%29/Filing/8-K/2010/Ex-99.1/D8505599 KFT 8-K, Wikinvest, 2/16/10, p. 2]</ref>  Favorable foreign currency exchange rates accounted for the majority of the increase in net revenues.  Kraft's North America Foods division saw revenues decrease by 1.5%, driven by a 13.7% decrease in revenues from Cheese and more than 3% decline in Snacks.  However, both of these categories actually saw increased operating income as a result of savings from the restructuring program, lower dairy costs for cheese, and the divestiture of Balance bars in the Snack category.  In addition, the Canada and North America Foodservices segment's revenue increased by 8.2%, supported by the restructuring program.<ref>[http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Kraft_Foods_%28KFT%29/Filing/8-K/2010/Ex-99.1/D8505599 KFT 8-K, Wikinvest, 2/16/10, p. 4-5]</ref>  Revenues in Europe and Developing Markets increased by 8% and 11.2% respectively.  Operating income in Europe grew $386 million (from a loss of $166 in Q4 2008) and in developing markets, operating income increased 91%; for both regions, improved volume and mix added to savings from the restructuring program.<ref>[http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Kraft_Foods_%28KFT%29/Filing/8-K/2010/Ex-99.1/D8505599 KFT 8-K, Wikinvest, 2/16/10, p. 6-7]</ref>
 '''Q1 2010'''
 [[Image:macncheese.jpg|left]]
-In early January 2010, Kraft sold its frozen pizza business to [[Nestle (NSRGY)]] for $3.7 billion, approximately 2.3 times its total sales in 2009.<ref>[http://stocks.investopedia.com/stock-analysis/2010/Frozen-Pizza-A-Sizzling-Investment-KFT-NSRGY-CBY-CPKI-CAG-GIS-HNZ-WTW0113.aspx Frozen Pizza A Sizzling Investment, Investopedia.com, 1/13/2010]</ref>  The purchase adds the DiGiorno, Tombstone, Jack's and Delissio brands to Nestle's stable of products, as well as the license to sell [[California Pizza Kitchen (CPKI)|California Pizza Kitchen]] frozen pizza.  In 2009, these brands generated revenues of $1.6 billion, but the sale gave the company the extra funds necessary to increase their bid for [[Cadbury plc (CBY)|Cadbury]].<ref>[http://stocks.investopedia.com/stock-analysis/2010/Frozen-Pizza-A-Sizzling-Investment-KFT-NSRGY-CBY-CPKI-CAG-GIS-HNZ-WTW0113.aspx Frozen Pizza A Sizzling Investment, Investopedia.com, 1/13/2010]</ref>
+In early January 2010, Kraft sold its frozen pizza business to [[Nestle (NSRGY)]] for $3.7 billion, approximately 2.3 times its total sales in 2009.<ref>[http://stocks.investopedia.com/stock-analysis/2010/Frozen-Pizza-A-Sizzling-Investment-KFT-NSRGY-CBY-CPKI-CAG-GIS-HNZ-WTW0113.aspx Frozen Pizza A Sizzling Investment, Investopedia.com, 1/13/2010]</ref>  The sale gave the company the extra funds necessary to increase their bid for [[Cadbury plc (CBY)|Cadbury]].<ref>[http://stocks.investopedia.com/stock-analysis/2010/Frozen-Pizza-A-Sizzling-Investment-KFT-NSRGY-CBY-CPKI-CAG-GIS-HNZ-WTW0113.aspx Frozen Pizza A Sizzling Investment, Investopedia.com, 1/13/2010]</ref>
 '''Grocery'''
 '''Snacks & Cereals'''
-As a snacks & cereals product manufacturer, Kraft produces primarily ready-to-eat cereals, cookies, crackers, salted snacks and [[Chocolate]] confectionery. The company's popular brands within North America Snacks & Cereals include Oreo, Planters nuts, and Ritz crackers. In November of 2007, Ralcorp Holdings, a private-label cereal maker, agreed to purchase the Post cereals division from Kraft in a deal worth $2.6 billion.
+As a snacks & cereals product manufacturer, Kraft produces primarily ready-to-eat cereals, cookies, crackers, salted snacks and [[Chocolate]] confectionery. The company's popular brands within North America Snacks & Cereals include Oreo, Planters nuts, and Ritz crackers.
 [[Image:oreo.jpg|left]]
 With the acquisition of [[Cadbury (CBY)|Cadbury]], Kraft now owns the second-largest market share for gum - Trident and Dentyne - and the top market share for cough drops - Halls.  The new brands also have majority market shares in Canada and Latin America.  In 2010, the company is expected to control 15% of the world's chocolate and candy market.<ref>[http://www.thestreet.com/story/10797962/1/kraft-is-4-billion-sweeter-from-cadbury-deal.html?cm_ven=GOOGLEFI Kraft is $4 Billion Sweeter From Cadbury Deal, TheStreet.com, 7/1/10]</ref>
-In early September, Kraft and [[Barry Callebaut N (ETR:BCLN)|Barry Callebaut]] signed a deal whereby the former will outsource the majority of its cocoa products and industrial products to the Swiss company.  [[Barry Callebaut N (ETR:BCLN)|Barry Callebaut]] had previously had a supply contract with Cadbury but this new contract will double the value of the company's previous contract with Kraft.<ref>[http://www.bakingbuyer.com/en/News/News%20Home/2010/9/Callebaut%20Kraft.aspx Barry Callebaut, Kraft Foods sign global supply agreement, Baking Buyer, 9/10/10]</ref>
+In early September, Kraft and [[Barry Callebaut N (ETR:BCLN)|Barry Callebaut]] signed a deal whereby Kraft will outsource the majority of its cocoa products and industrial products to the Swiss company.  [[Barry Callebaut N (ETR:BCLN)|Barry Callebaut]] previously had a supply contract with Cadbury but this new contract will double the value of the company's previous contract with Kraft.<ref>[http://www.bakingbuyer.com/en/News/News%20Home/2010/9/Callebaut%20Kraft.aspx Barry Callebaut, Kraft Foods sign global supply agreement, Baking Buyer, 9/10/10]</ref>
 ===International Sales===
 The [[Emerging Markets|Developing Markets]], Oceania & North Asia segment manufactures and sales many of the popular North American brands across each product category as well as some foreign brands.  With the addition of [[Cadbury (CBY)|Cadbury's]] brands, Kraft now has majority market shares in Australia, New Zealand, India, Thailand, and Malaysia for chocolate, gum, and/or candy.
-Kraft's strategy in [[Emerging Markets|developing markets]] is based around focusing on ten "power brands" in ten countries.  Tang, Oreos, and Jacobs Coffee are some of the brands that have allowed developing markets to account for 21% of Kraft's total revenues.<ref>[http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-03-06/kraft-s-tang-makeover-led-to-30-sales-jump-abroad-last-year.html Kraft's Tang Makeover Led to 30% Sales Jump Abroad Last Year, Business Week, 3/6/10]</ref>  Tang sales increased 30% in this region last year and organic sales have increased an average of 12.9% per year since 2006.<ref>[http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2010-03-14/business/ct-biz-0314-developing-markets--20100314_1_kraft-foods-packaged-food-markets/2 Food Companies Look To Developing Markets to Fatten Sales, Chicago Tribune, 3/14/10]</ref>
+Kraft's [[Emerging Markets|developing markets]] strategy is based around growing ten "power brands" in ten countries.  Tang, Oreos, and Jacobs Coffee are some of the brands that have are particularly successful abroad and have allowed developing markets' to account for 21% of Kraft's total revenues.<ref>[http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-03-06/kraft-s-tang-makeover-led-to-30-sales-jump-abroad-last-year.html Kraft's Tang Makeover Led to 30% Sales Jump Abroad Last Year, Business Week, 3/6/10]</ref>  Tang sales increased 30% in these ten countries last year and organic sales have increased an average of 12.9% per year since 2006.<ref>[http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2010-03-14/business/ct-biz-0314-developing-markets--20100314_1_kraft-foods-packaged-food-markets/2 Food Companies Look To Developing Markets to Fatten Sales, Chicago Tribune, 3/14/10]</ref>
 '''Middle East and Africa Sales'''
 ===[[Cadbury (CBY)|Cadbury]] Acquisition===
-With the purchase of [[Cadbury (CBY)]] on January 19 for $19 billion, the new Kraft is expected to have annual revenues of more than $50 billion.  The acquisition makes Kraft the world's largest chocolate and sugar confectioner, with a solid second place in the gum category thanks to [[Cadbury (CBY)|Cadbury's]] Trident label.<ref>[http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2010/01/20/kraft-gets-its-sugar-fix.aspx Kraft Gets Its Sugar Fix, Motley Fool, 1/20/10]</ref>  Perhaps more important than the brands of [[Cadbury (CBY)]] is her geographic reach; Kraft now has inroads into many developing world markets where it formerly had no presence.  In India, for example, [[Cadbury (CBY)]] has had a presence for the past 60 years, selling chocolate, snacks, dairy, and other candies.<ref>[http://www.bloombergutv.com/industry-news/fmcg-durables-industry-news/44379/kraft-to-have-presence-in-india.html Kraft To Have Presence in India, Bloomberg, 2/7/10]</ref>  The merger is also expected to affect players further down the supply chain, such as cocoa producers.  It is possible that the producers may consolidate their operations in response to expected increased pressure for lower raw material prices.<ref>[http://moneynews.com/InvestingAnalysis/kraft-cadbury-cocoa-consolidation/2010/02/12/id/349778 Kraft's Cadbury Deal May Force Cocoa Consolidation, Moneynews, 2/12/10]</ref>
+With the purchase of [[Cadbury (CBY)]] in 2010 for $19 billion, Kraft is expected to have annual revenues of more than $50 billion.  The acquisition makes Kraft the world's largest chocolate and sugar confectioner, with a solid second place in the gum category thanks to [[Cadbury (CBY)|Cadbury's]] Trident label.<ref>[http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2010/01/20/kraft-gets-its-sugar-fix.aspx Kraft Gets Its Sugar Fix, Motley Fool, 1/20/10]</ref>  Perhaps more important than Cadbury's brands is the company's geographic reach; Kraft now has inroads into many developing world markets where it formerly had no presence.  In India, for example, [[Cadbury (CBY)]] has had a presence for the past 60 years, selling chocolate, snacks, dairy, and other candies.<ref>[http://www.bloombergutv.com/industry-news/fmcg-durables-industry-news/44379/kraft-to-have-presence-in-india.html Kraft To Have Presence in India, Bloomberg, 2/7/10]</ref>  The merger is also expected to affect players further down the supply chain, such as cocoa producers.  It is possible that the producers may consolidate their operations in response to expected increased pressure for lower raw material prices.<ref>[http://moneynews.com/InvestingAnalysis/kraft-cadbury-cocoa-consolidation/2010/02/12/id/349778 Kraft's Cadbury Deal May Force Cocoa Consolidation, Moneynews, 2/12/10]</ref>
-In keeping with the European Union's deal approval conditions, Kraft sold Cadbury's Romanian and Polish divisions.  In Romania, Kraft sold Cadbury’s Kandia-Excelent chocolate, soft cake and candy business to Oryxa Capital, an investment fund.<ref>[http://www.altassets.com/private-equity-news/article/nz18908.html Oryxa Capital Sinks Teeth Into Cadbury's Romanian Division, AltAssets.com, 7/7/10]</ref>  In Poland, Kraft sold Cadbury's E. Wedel brand of chocolates and candies to Lotte Group, however Kraft will retain Cadbury's other brands and two factories in the country.<ref>[http://www.foodanddrinkdigital.com/sectors/food-manufacturing/kraft-sell-cadburys-e-wedel-brand Kraft to Sell Off Cadbury's E. Wedel Brand, Food & Drink Digital, 7/2/10]</ref>
+As part of the deal's approval by European regulators, Kraft sold Cadbury's Romanian and Polish divisions.  In Romania, Kraft sold Cadbury’s Kandia-Excelent chocolate, soft cake and candy business to Oryxa Capital, an investment fund.<ref>[http://www.altassets.com/private-equity-news/article/nz18908.html Oryxa Capital Sinks Teeth Into Cadbury's Romanian Division, AltAssets.com, 7/7/10]</ref>  In Poland, Kraft sold Cadbury's E. Wedel brand of chocolates and candies to Lotte Group, however Kraft will retain Cadbury's other brands and two factories in the country.<ref>[http://www.foodanddrinkdigital.com/sectors/food-manufacturing/kraft-sell-cadburys-e-wedel-brand Kraft to Sell Off Cadbury's E. Wedel Brand, Food & Drink Digital, 7/2/10]</ref>
 ==Trends & Forces==
 The company uses hedging techniques to minimize the impact of price fluctuations in its principal raw materials; however, such techniques do not completely protect Kraft Foods.  Kraft is a major purchaser of milk, cheese, plastic, nuts, green coffee beans, [[cocoa]], corn products, wheat, pork, poultry, beef, vegetable oil, sugar, other sweeteners and numerous other commodities.  Kraft's commodities expenses are expected to rise $2 billion, or 13%, in 2008.<ref>[http://seekingalpha.com/article/102740-kraft-foods-inc-q3-2008-earnings-call-transcript? KFT Q3 2008 Earnings Call Transcript, Seeking Alpha]</ref>  In 2010, Kraft raised the price of its coffee products three times in an attempt to offset ever-increasing commodity costs.  In 2010, the cost of coffee increased nearly 60%, the largest single year increase since 1994.<ref>[http://www.fnbnews.com/article/detnews.asp?articleid=28890&sectionid=1 Kraft Raises Coffee Prices For Third Time, Food & Beverage News, 12/23/10]</ref>  If the company is unable to increase its prices to offset increased cost of commodities due to consumer sensitivity, Kraft Foods may experience lower profitability.  Raw materials prices to watch are:
 *[[Dairy Prices]]
-*[[Corn Prices]]
+*[[Corn|Corn Prices]]
 *[[Plastics Prices]]
 *[[Beef Prices]]
 *[[Grains Prices]]
 *[[Sugar Prices]]
-<wikichart width="300" height="300" flashvars="ticker=FUTURE:C00&tickerAlias=Corn Prices"/>
 ===Strengthening Dollar Benefits Earnings===
 <wikichart width="300" height="300" flashvars="ticker=FOREX:EURUSD&tickerAlias=Dollar Vs. Euro"/>
-Product sales abroad represent over 41.4%, or nearly $17 billion, of Kraft's total revenue.  With more than 1/3 of its business conducted in a different currency and financial data reported in U.S. dollars, the company's performance fluctuates with changes in foreign [[exchange rates]], especially the euro, Swiss franc, British pound and Canadian dollar.  With a stronger US dollar each sale in a foreign currency translates to fewer dollars when returned to the United States, lowering revenue.  Although the dollar vs. euro relationship has the greatest impact, Kraft has operations in 72 countries and sells its products in 160 countries, often making the impact of exchange rate fluctuations very complicated.
+Product sales abroad represent over 41.4%, or nearly $17 billion, of Kraft's total revenue (pre-Cadbury acquisition).  With more than 1/3 of its business conducted in a different currency and financial data reported in U.S. dollars, the company's performance fluctuates with changes in foreign [[exchange rates]], especially the euro, Swiss franc, British pound and Canadian dollar.  With a stronger US dollar each sale in a foreign currency translates to fewer dollars when returned to the United States, lowering revenue.  Although the dollar vs. euro relationship has the greatest impact, Kraft has operations in 72 countries and sells its products in 160 countries, often making the impact of exchange rate fluctuations very complicated.
-===Product Recalls Hurt Both Reputation & Earnings===
-The recall of one of Kraft's products not only temporarily terminates revenue generated by that product while costs continue to run high, but in a popular enough product or on a large enough scale, the impact can spread to other products as the public loses trust in the brand.  Kraft's most recent recall took place on August 8th, 2007, when the company recalled their Knudsen cottage cheese in seven states.  Fortunately, Kraft told consumers not to worry: the affected cheese isn't making people sick, it just doesn't taste right.
 ===Growth in Emerging Markets Stimulates Demand===
-[[Coca-Cola Company (KO)]], [[Pepsico (PEP)]], Kraft Foods and other food and beverage manufacturers have seen strong growth in [[emerging markets]] in recent years. As incomes rise, packaged food becomes more accessible for a larger percentage of the population, stimulating demand for these companies' products.  Kraft's Developing Markets, Oceania & North Asia sector has scene robust growth in recent years, generating $7.96 billion in 2009, $8.2 billion in 2008, and $5.98 billion in 2007.
+[[Coca-Cola Company (KO)]], [[Pepsico (PEP)]], Kraft Foods and other food and beverage manufacturers have seen strong growth in [[emerging markets]] in recent years. As incomes rise, packaged food becomes more accessible for a larger percentage of the population, stimulating demand for these companies' products.  Kraft's Developing Markets, Oceania & North Asia sector has scene robust growth in recent years, generating $7.96 billion in 2009, $8.2 billion in 2008, and $5.98 billion in 2007.  Further expansion into emerging markets was the primary stimulus behind the company's purchase of Cadbury.
 ===Rising Demand for Organic Foods Hurts Kraft===
 <wikichart width="400" height="400" flashvars="ticker=NYSE:KFT,NYSE:PEP,NYSE:GIS,AMEX:NSRGY&tickerAlias=Kraft Vs. Pepsico, General Mills, and Nestle"/>
-Kraft lags in both pre-tax margin and sales growth.  Overall, the company is the second largest of its competitors, allowing it to take risks others cannot afford.
 ==References==