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Marvell Technology Group 10-Q 2007
UNITED
STATES FORM 10-Q
For the transition period from to Commission file number: 0-30877 Marvell Technology Group Ltd.
Canon’s Court, 22 Victoria Street, Hamilton HM 12, Bermuda (441) 296-6395 (Address, including Zip Code, of Principal Executive Offices and Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. xYes o No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). o Yes x No The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of November 30, 2007 was 592,825,119 shares.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD. UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands) ASSETS
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD. UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (In thousands, except per share amounts)
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD. UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands)
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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MARVELL TECHNOLOGY GROUP LTD. NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. The Company and its Significant Accounting Policies The Company Marvell Technology Group Ltd. (the “Company”), a Bermuda company, is a leading global semiconductor provider of high-performance analog, mixed-signal, digital signal processing and embedded microprocessor integrated circuits. The Company’s diverse product portfolio includes switching, transceivers, cellular and handheld, wireless, PC connectivity, gateways, communications controllers, storage and power management solutions that serve diverse applications used in business enterprise, consumer electronics and emerging markets. Basis of presentation The Company’s fiscal year is the 52- or 53-week period ending on the Saturday closest to January 31. In a 52-week year, each fiscal quarter consists of 13 weeks. The additional week in a 53-week year is added to the fourth quarter, making such quarter consist of 14 weeks. Fiscal year 2008 is comprised of a 53-week period and fiscal year 2007 is comprised of a 52-week period. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments consisting of normal and recurring entries considered necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods have been included in the Company’s financial position as of October 27, 2007, the results of its operations for the three and nine months ended October 27, 2007 and October 28, 2006, and its cash flows for the nine months ended October 27, 2007 and October 28, 2006. The January 27, 2007 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. These condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and related notes for the year ended January 27, 2007 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed on July 2, 2007 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The results of operations for the three and nine months ended October 27, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year. Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including property and equipment, investment fair values, goodwill and other intangible assets, income taxes, and contingencies. In addition, the Company uses assumptions when employing the Black-Scholes option valuation model to calculate the fair value of stock-based awards granted. The Company bases its estimates of the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, when these carrying values are not readily available from other sources. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
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Principles of consolidation The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The functional currency of the Company and its significant subsidiaries is the United States dollar. Cash and cash equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents also consist of cash on deposit with banks, money market funds and commercial deposits. Investments The Company’s marketable investments are classified as available-for-sale securities and are reported at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are reported, net of tax, if any, in accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of shareholders’ equity. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other than temporary on available-for-sale securities are included in interest and other income, net. The Company also has equity investments in privately-held companies. These investments are recorded at cost and are included in other non-current assets. Concentration of credit risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash primarily in checking and money market accounts. Cash equivalents and short-term investment balances are maintained with high quality financial institutions, the composition and maturities of which are regularly monitored by management. The Company believes that the concentration of credit risk in its trade receivables with respect to its served markets, as well as the limited customer base, located primarily in the Far East, are substantially mitigated by the Company’s credit evaluation process, relatively short collection terms and the high level of credit worthiness of its customers. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluation of its customers’ financial condition and limits the amount of credit extended when deemed necessary based upon payment history and the customer’s current credit worthiness, but generally require no collateral. The Company regularly reviews the allowance of bad debt and doubtful accounts by considering factors such as historical experience, credit quality, age of the account receivable balances and current economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, cost being determined under the first-in, first-out method. Appropriate consideration is given to obsolescence, excessive levels, deterioration and other factors in evaluating net realizable value. Property and equipment, net Property and equipment, including capital leases and leasehold improvements, are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which ranges from three to five years. Buildings are depreciated over an estimated useful life of thirty years and building improvements are depreciated over estimated useful lives of fifteen years. Land is not depreciated. Assets held under capital leases and leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of term of lease or their estimated useful lives. Goodwill and acquired intangible assets Goodwill is recorded when the consideration paid for an acquisition exceeds the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Acquisition-related identified intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives of one to six years for purchased technology, one to eight years for core technology, four to seven years for customer contracts, five years for trade name, four years for supply contract and three years for non-competition.
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Goodwill is measured and tested for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if the Company believes indicators of impairment exist. The performance of the test involves a two-step process. The first step requires comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its net book value, including goodwill. The Company has one reporting unit. The fair value of the reporting unit is determined by taking the market capitalization of the reporting unit as determined through quoted market prices. A potential impairment exists if the fair value of the reporting unit is lower than its net book value. The second step of the process is only performed if a potential impairment exists, and it involves determining the difference between the fair value of the reporting unit’s net assets other than goodwill to the fair value of the reporting unit and if the difference is less than the net book value of goodwill, an impairment exists and is recorded. In the event that the Company determines that the value of goodwill has become impaired, the Company will record an accounting charge for the amount of impairment during the fiscal quarter in which the determination is made. The Company has not been required to perform this second step of the process since its implementation of SFAS 142 because the fair value of the reporting unit has exceeded its net book value at every measurement date. Impairment of long-lived assets Long-lived assets include equipment, furniture and fixtures, privately held equity investments and intangible assets. Whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of long-lived assets may not be recoverable, the Company estimate the future cash flows, undiscounted and without interest charges, expected to result from the use of those assets and their eventual cash position. If the sum of the expected future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of those assets, the Company recognizes an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. Reclassifications Certain reclassifications have been made to the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets for the prior period balances in order to conform to the current period’s presentation. Revenue recognition The Company accounts for its revenues under the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 104, “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements.” Under this provision, the Company recognizes revenues when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection is reasonably assured. Product revenue is generally recognized upon shipment of product to customers, net of accruals for estimated sales returns and allowances. However, some of the Company’s sales are made through distributors under agreements allowing for price protection and rights of return on product unsold by the distributors. Product revenue on sales made through distributors with rights of return and price protection is deferred until the distributors sell the product to end customers. The Company’s sales to direct customers are made primarily pursuant to standard purchase orders for delivery of products. The Company generally allows customers to cancel or change purchase orders with limited notice prior to the scheduled shipment dates and from time to time it also may request a customer to accept a shipment of product before its original requested delivery date, in which case, revenue is not recognized until there is written confirmation from the customer accepting early shipment, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection is reasonably assured. Additionally, collection is not deemed to be “reasonably assured” if customers receive extended payment terms. As a result, revenue on sales to customers with payment terms substantially greater than the Company’s normal payment terms is deferred and is recognized as revenue as the payments become due. Deferred revenue less the related cost of the inventories is reported as deferred income. The provision for estimated sales returns and allowances on product sales is recorded in the same period the related revenues are recorded. These estimates are based on historical sales returns, analysis of credit memo data and other known factors. Actual returns could differ from these estimates. The Company also enters into development agreements with some of its customers. Under these development agreements product revenue is recognized under the proportionate performance method. Revenue is recognized as related costs to complete the contract are incurred. These costs are included in research and development expense. The provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 00-21 apply to sales arrangements with multiple arrangements that include a combination of hardware, software and /or services. For multiple element arrangements, revenue is allocated to the separate elements based on fair value. If an arrangement includes undelivered elements that are not essential to the functionality of the delivered elements, the Company defers the fair value of the undelivered elements and the residual revenue is allocated to the delivered elements. If the undelivered elements are essential to the functionality of the delivered elements, no revenue is recognized. Undelivered elements typically are software warranty and maintenance services.
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In arrangements that include a combination of hardware and software products that are also sold separately, where software is more than incidental and essential to the functionality of the product being sold, the Company follows the guidance in EITF Issue No. 03-05, “Applicability of AICPA Statement of Position 97-2 to Non-Software Deliverables in an Arrangement Containing More-Than-Incidental Software,” accounts for the entire arrangement as a sale of software and software-related items and follows the revenue recognition criteria in SOP No. 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition,” and related interpretations. Revenue from licensed software is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and delivery has occurred, provided that the fee is fixed or determinable and collectibility is probable. Revenue from post-contract customer support and any other future deliverables is deferred and earned over the support period or as contract elements are delivered. The Company accounts for rebates in accordance with EITF Issue No. 01-9, Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendor’s Products), and, accordingly, records reductions to revenue for rebates in the same period that the related revenue is recorded. The amount of these reductions is based upon the terms included in the Company’s various rebate agreements. Research and development and other Research and development and other costs consist primarily of $252.2 million and $152.9 million of research and development costs for the three-month periods ended October 27, 2007 and October 28, 2006, respectively, and included $5.6 million and $4.0 million of costs related to patent investigation and filings for the three month periods ended October 27, 2007 and October 28, 2006, respectively. Research and development and other costs consist primarily of $722.5 million and $434.8 million of research and development costs for the nine-month periods ended October 27, 2007 and October 28, 2006, respectively, and included $12.8 million and $9.1 million of costs related to patent investigation and filings for the nine month periods ended October 27, 2007 and October 28, 2006, respectively. Research and development and other costs are expensed as incurred. Stock-based compensation The Company has share-based payment awards to its employees and directors that are fully described in Notes 7 and 8. The stock-based compensation expenses are recorded in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share Based Payment” (“SFAS 123R”). Accounting for income taxes The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS No. 109”). Under this method, the Company determines deferred tax assets and liabilities based upon the difference between the income tax bases of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts at enacted tax rates in effect for the periods in which the differences are expected to reverse. The tax consequences of most events recognized in the current year’s financial statements are included in determining income taxes currently payable. However, because tax laws and financial accounting standards differ in their recognition and measurement of assets, liabilities, equity, revenues, expenses, gains and losses, differences arise between the amount of taxable income and pretax financial income for a year and between the tax bases of assets or liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements. Because it is assumed that the reported amounts of assets and liabilities will be recovered and settled, respectively, a difference between the tax basis of an asset or a liability and its reported amount in the balance sheet will result in a taxable or a deductible amount in some future years when the related liabilities are settled or the reported amounts of assets are recovered, hence giving rise to a deferred tax liability or asset, respectively. The Company then assesses the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and to the extent the Company believes that recovery is not likely, the Company establish a valuation allowance. The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Tax Positions” (“FIN 48”). The Company classifies accrued interest and penalties as part of the accrued FIN No. 48 liability and records the expense within the provision for income taxes. The application of income tax law is inherently complex. Laws and regulations in this area are voluminous and are often ambiguous. As such, the Company is required to make many subjective assumptions and judgments regarding its income tax exposures. Interpretations of and guidance surrounding income tax laws and regulations are subject to change over time. As
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such, changes in its subjective assumptions and judgments can materially affect amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets and statements of income. See Note 9 - Income Taxes of the notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional detail on the Company’s uncertain tax positions. Warranty The Company’s products are generally subject to warranty, which provides for the estimated future costs of repair, replacement or customer accommodation upon shipment of the product in the accompanying statements of operations. The Company’s products typically carry a standard 90-day warranty with certain exceptions in which the warranty period can range from one to five years. The warranty accrual is estimated based on historical claims compared to historical revenues and assumes that the Company will have to replace products subject to a claim. For new products, the Company uses a historical percentage for the appropriate class of product. Note 2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In June 2006, the FASB ratified EITF consensus on EITF Issue No. 06-2, “Accounting for Sabbatical Leave and Other Similar Benefits Pursuant to FASB Statement No. 43” (“EITF 06-2”). EITF 06-2 requires companies to accrue the cost of such compensated absences over the require service period. The Company currently accrues the cost of compensated absences for sabbatical programs when the eligible employee complete the requisite service period. The Company is required to apply the provision of EITF 06-2 at the beginning of fiscal 2008. EITF 06-02 allows for adoption through retrospective application to all prior periods or through a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings if it is impracticable to determine the period specific effects of the change on prior periods presented. The Company adopted EITF 06-2 in the first quarter of fiscal 2008. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations. In July 2006, the FASB issued FIN 48, which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income tax positions. This Interpretation requires that the Company recognize in its financial statements the impact of a tax position if that position is more likely than not of being sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. The provisions of FIN 48 are effective as of the beginning of the Company’s fiscal 2008, with the cumulative effect, if any, of the change in accounting principle recorded as an adjustment to opening retained earnings. On May 2, 2007, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FIN 48-1 “Definition of Settlement in FASB Interpretation No. 48-1” (“FSP FIN 48-1”). FSP FIN 48-1 provides guidance on how an entity should determine whether a tax position is effectively settled for the purpose of recognizing previously unrecognized tax benefits. Effective January 28, 2007, the Company adopted FIN 48. See Note 9 — Income Taxes for further details. In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS 157”). The statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal periods beginning after November 15, 2007. In November 2007, the FASB provided a one year deferral for the implementation of SFAS 157 for other nonfinancial assets and liabilities. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SFAS 157 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115” (“SFAS 159”) which is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. This statement expands the standards under SFAS No. 157 which permits an entity to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value at specified election dates. Subsequent unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected will be reported in earnings. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this statement. In June 2007, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 07-3, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used in Future Research and Development Activities” (“EITF 07-3”). This issue provides that nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services that will be used or rendered for future research and development activities should be deferred and capitalized. Such amounts should be recognized as an expense as the related goods are delivered or the related services are performed. EITF 07-3 is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning February 3, 2008. The adoption of these provisions is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141R”). The objective of SFAS 141 is to improve the relevance, representational faithfulness, and comparability of the information that a company provides in its financial reports about a business combination and its effects. Under SFAS 141R, a company is required to recognize the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, contractual contingencies, contingent consideration measured at their fair value at the acquisition date. It further required that research and development assets acquired in a business combination that have no alternative future use to be measured at their acquisition-date fair value and then immediately charged to expense, and that acquisition-related costs are to be recognized separately from the acquisition and expensed as incurred. Among other changes, this statement also required that “negative goodwill” be recognized in earnings as a gain attributable to the acquisition, and any deferred tax benefits resulted in a business combination are recognized in income from continuing operations in the period of the combination. SFAS 141R is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company will assess the impact that SFAS 141R may have on its financial position and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements—an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS 160”). The objective of this Statement is to improve the relevance, comparability, and transparency of the financial information that a company provides in its consolidated financial statements. SFAS 160 requires company to clearly identify and present ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the company in the consolidated financial statements within the equity section but separate from the company’s equity. It also requires the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated statement of income; changes in ownership interest be accounted for similarly, as equity transactions; and when a subsidiary is deconsolidated, any retained noncontrolling equity investment in the former subsidiary and the gain or loss on the deconsolidation of the subsidiary be measured at fair value. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company will assess the impact that SFAS 160 may have on its financial position and results of operations.
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Note 3. Supplemental Financial Information
Available-for-sale investments (in thousands)
Auction rate securities are securities that are structured with short-term reset dates of generally less than 90 days but with legally stated maturities in excess of 90 days. At the end of the reset period, investors can generally sell or continue to hold the securities at par. These securities are classified in the table below based on their legal stated maturity dates.
The contractual maturities of available-for-sale debt securities classified as short-term investments at October 27, 2007 are presented in the following table (in thousands):
Included in the Company’s available-for-sale investments are fixed income securities. As market yields increase, those securities with a lower yield-at-cost show a mark-to-market unrealized loss. All unrealized losses are primarily due to changes in interest rates and bond yields. Investments are reviewed periodically to identify for possible other-than-temporary impairment. When evaluating the investments, the Company reviews factors such as the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below cost basis and the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time which may be sufficient for anticipated recovery in market value. The Company has the intent and ability to hold these securities for a reasonable period of time sufficient for a forecasted recovery of fair value up to (or beyond) the initial cost of the investment. The Company expects to realize the full value of all of these investments upon maturity or sale. The following table shows the investments’ gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (in thousands):
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Inventories (in thousands)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (in thousands)
Property and equipment (in thousands)
Other non-current assets (in thousands)
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Accrued liabilities (in thousands)
The following table presents the changes in the supply agreement liability during the three and nine months ended October 27, 2007 (in thousands):
Other long-term liabilities (in thousands)
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Net (loss) income per share
The Company reports both basic net (loss) income per share, which is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding excluding contingently issuable or returnable shares, and diluted net (loss) income per share, which is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and dilutive potential common shares. The computations of basic and diluted net (loss) income per share are presented in the following table (in thousands, except per share amounts):
The anti-dilutive effects of warrants, common stock options restricted stock and other securities totaling 38,808,757 were excluded from diluted net loss per share for the three months ended October 27, 2007 using the treasury stock method. Options to purchase 36,136,943 common shares at a weighted average exercise price of $24.39 have been excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share for the three months ended October 28, 2006 using the treasury stock method calculation.
The anti-dilutive effects of warrants, common stock options, restricted stock and other securities totaling 41,265,093 were excluded from diluted net loss per share for the nine months ended October 27, 2007 using the treasury stock method. Options to purchase 30,467,554 common shares at a weighted average exercise price of $24.41 have been excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share for the nine months ended October 28, 2006 using the treasury stock method calculation.
Comprehensive (loss) income (in thousands)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, as presented on the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, consists of the unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments and other, net of tax.
Note 4. Business Combinations The Company acquired the semiconductor division of UTStarcom, Inc (“UTStarcom Business”), the printer semiconductor division of Avago Technologies Limited (“Avago Business”), Intel’s communications and applications business (“ICAP Business”) and assets of two other businesses from unrelated parties during fiscal 2007. During the second quarter of fiscal 2008, the Company acquired an unrelated private company that designs and develops software for optical storage applications.
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UTStarcom Business The Company acquired the UTStarcom Business on February 16, 2006. The UTStarcom Business focused on the design and development of personal handyphone systems and next generation cellular communications technology. The primary reasons for the acquisition of the semiconductor division of UTStarcom were to strengthen and augment the Company’s software engineering workforce and enhance its technological capabilities for emerging cellular strategies, obtain an established product being utilized in wireless communications technology, reduce the time required to develop new products and bring them to market for next generation cellular technology and to complement the Company’s existing wireless offerings. These factors contributed to a purchase price that was in excess of the fair value of the UTStarcom Business net tangible and intangible assets acquired. The Company recorded goodwill, which is not deductible for tax purposes, in connection with this transaction. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company paid $24.0 million in cash and an additional $16.0 million based on the achievement of certain defined milestones. The purchase price of the acquisition was $40.8 million, including the contingent consideration recognized of $16.0 million, and was determined as follows (in thousands):
In the third quarter of fiscal 2007, the Company recorded additional purchase consideration of $16.0 million upon the achievement of the contingent milestones as defined in the purchase agreement. Approximately $8.7 million was preliminarily allocated as negative goodwill, calculated as the excess of the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired over the purchase price. As a result of the contingent consideration, additional goodwill of $7.3 million was recorded. Under the purchase method of accounting, the total purchase price (including the contingent consideration recognized of $16.0 million) was allocated to net tangible and intangible assets based on their fair values as of the date of the completion of the acquisition as follows (in thousands):
The amortizable intangible assets of $30.8 million were determined based on valuation techniques such as discounted cash flows and weighted average cost of capital methods used in the high technology industry using assumptions and estimates from management. The amortizable intangible assets are being amortized over useful lives ranging from three to four years. The existing technology represents personal handyphone systems technology and other technology that UTStarcom has developed. Core technology represents the combination of processes, patents, and trade secrets that are the building blocks for current and planned new products. Customer relationships represent future projected revenue that will be derived from sales of future versions of existing products that will be sold to existing customers. The value determined for the supply contract with UTStarcom represents the fair value of estimated revenues and net operating cash flows to be derived from the supply contract for the duration of the four-year contract. The weighted average useful lives of acquired intangibles from the UTStarcom Business are 3.0 years for existing technology, 4.0 years for core technology, 4.0 years for the supply contract, and 4.0 years for customer relationships.
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Avago Business The Company acquired the Avago Business on May 1, 2006. The Avago Business focused on the design and development of system-on-chip and system level solutions for both inkjet and laser jet printer systems. The primary purpose and benefits of the acquisition were to obtain, accelerate and strengthen the Company’s entry into the printer market, leverage its portfolio of complementary technology and obtain important printer systems level knowledge. These factors contributed to a purchase price that was in excess of the fair value of the Avago Business net tangible and intangible assets acquired. The Company recorded goodwill, which is not deductible for tax purposes, in connection with this transaction. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company paid $249.6 million in cash and an additional $35.0 million in cash for contingent consideration. The purchase price of the acquisition, including the contingent consideration recognized of $35.0 million, was $288.0 million and was determined as follows (in thousands):
In the third quarter of fiscal 2007, the Company recorded additional purchase consideration with a corresponding increase in goodwill of $10.0 million based on the achievement of certain levels of revenue of the past year. Additionally, in the third quarter of fiscal 2007, the Company recorded an adjustment of $1.9 million relating to inventory acquired at the acquisition date, resulting in a corresponding reduction in goodwill. In the first quarter of fiscal 2008, the Company recorded an adjustment of $1.3 million relating to a reduction of an accrued liability recorded in the original purchase accounting resulting in a corresponding decrease in goodwill. In the third quarter of fiscal 2008, the Company recorded the final purchase consideration with a corresponding increase in goodwill of $25.0 million based on the achievement of a certain level of revenue for one year period ending October 2007. Under the purchase method of accounting, the total purchase price (including the total contingent consideration recognized of $35.0 million) was allocated to net tangible and intangible assets based on their fair values as of the date of completion of the acquisition, as adjusted, as follows (in thousands):
The amortizable intangible assets of $149.4 million were determined based on valuation techniques such as discounted cash flows and weighted average cost of capital methods used in the high technology industry using assumptions and estimates from management. The amortizable intangible assets are being amortized over useful lives ranging from three to six years. The existing technology represents personal laser jet, laser jet systems technology and other technology that the Avago Business has developed. Core technology represents the combination of processes, patents, and trade secrets that are the building blocks for current and planned new products. Customer relationships represent future projected revenue that will be derived from sales of future versions of existing products that will be sold to existing customers. The weighted average useful lives of acquired intangibles from the Avago Business are 3.2 years for existing technology, 4.9 years for core technology and 5.0 years for customer relationships.
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ICAP Business The Company acquired the ICAP Business on November 8, 2006. The ICAP Business designed, manufactured, and marketed applications and communications processors for cellular phones, personal digital assistants, and other personal devices. The primary purpose and benefits of the acquisition were to obtain, accelerate and strengthen the Company’s entry into the wireless handheld device market, leverage its portfolio of complementary technology and obtain important wireless systems level knowledge. These factors contributed to a purchase price that was in excess of the fair value of the ICAP Business net tangible and intangible assets acquired. The Company recorded goodwill, which is not deductible for tax purposes, in connection with this transaction. The purchase price of the acquisition was $605.9 million, determined as follows (in thousands):
Under the purchase method of accounting, the total purchase price was allocated to net tangible and intangible assets based on their fair values as of the date of completion of the acquisition as follows (in thousands):
The amortizable intangible assets of $386.9 million were determined based on valuation techniques such as discounted cash flows and weighted average cost of capital methods used in the high technology industry using assumptions and estimates from management. The amortizable intangible assets are being amortized over useful lives ranging from one to seven years. The existing technology comprises of products which have reached technological feasibility and includes the chipsets which have been completed and shipping in volume to customers. Core technology and patents represent a combination of processes, patents and trade secrets developed though years of experience in design and development of the products. Customer relationships represent future projected revenue that will be derived from sales of future versions of existing products that will be sold to existing customers. The Company has not provided a deferred tax liability on $386.9 million of purchased intangibles during the year as the intangibles are recorded in jurisdictions with a zero tax rate. Of the total purchase price, $77.8 million was allocated to in-process research and development (“IPRD”) based upon the fair values of assets acquired and was charged to expense in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007. The ICAP Business was developing new products that had not reached technological feasibility and which had no alternative use and therefore was immediately written-off. The projects in process consisted of the development of new features and functionalities for sophisticated processors necessary to address customer needs, drive market acceptance and fuel the overall revenue growth profile of the acquired products. The values assigned to IPRD were determined by considering the importance of products under development to the overall development plan, estimating costs to develop the purchased IPRD into commercially viable products, estimating the resulting net cash flows from the projects when completed and discounting the net cash flows to their present value. The fair values of IPRD were determined using the income approach, which discounts expected future cash flows to present value. The discount rates used in the present value calculations were derived from a weighted-average
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cost of capital analysis, adjusted to reflect additional risks related to the product’s development and success as well as the product’s stage of completion. Discount rates ranging from 24.0% to 27.0% were used for IPRD. At the time of the acquisition, there were three significant projects in progress that were approximately 56.0% complete with aggregate costs to complete of $31.0 million. Two of the projects have been completed and the third project is expected to be completed by the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.
The estimates used in valuing in-process research and development were based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. Assumptions may be incomplete or inaccurate, and unanticipated events and circumstances may occur. Accordingly, actual results may vary from the projected results. The weighted average useful lives of acquired intangibles from the ICAP Business are 4.2 years for existing technology, 7.0 years for core technology and 7.0 years for customer relationships. In conjunction with the acquisition of the ICAP Business, the Company entered into a supply agreement with Intel. The supply agreement obligates the Company to purchase certain finished product and sorted wafers at a contracted price from Intel for a contracted period of time. The contracted period of time can differ between finished products and sorted wafers. Intel’s pricing to the Company was greater than comparable prices available to the Company in the market in almost all cases. In accordance with purchase accounting, the Company recorded a liability at contract signing representing the difference between Intel prices and comparable market prices for those products for which the Company had a contractual obligation. Once that obligation ends, the Company can purchase products from its own foundries and subcontractors or continue to use Intel until the products have transitioned to the Company’s foundries and subcontractors. If these transitions do not occur in a timely fashion and the Company continues to purchase sorted wafers and finished products from Intel, then the Company’s gross margins could be adversely impacted. The Company reduces its inventory carrying value as product is purchased. Since the Company is obligated to purchase finished products and sorted wafers at prices above which a market participant could obtain from independent foundries and assembly/test subcontractors, the Company writes down inventory on hand to fair value. The Company also imputes and records interest expense on the supply agreement since the supply agreement liability will be incurred over multiple quarters into the future and thus the liability was initially recorded at net present value. See Note 3 for changes in the supply contract liability and Note 6 for the contractual commitments of the supply agreement. The results of operations of the Avago Business and the ICAP Business have been included in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations since their respective acquisition dates. The following unaudited pro forma information presents a summary of the results of operations of the Company assuming the acquisition of these business occurred at the beginning of the period presented (in thousands, except for per share amounts):
Other acquisitions During fiscal 2007, the Company completed the acquisition of the assets of two other businesses from unrelated parties with purchase prices totaling $16.7 million. Under the purchase method of accounting, the total purchase price was allocated to net tangible and intangible assets based on their fair values as of the date of the completion of the respective acquisitions. The Company recorded acquired net tangible assets of $0.4 million, deferred tax liability of $3.0 million, amortizable intangible assets of $10.1 million and goodwill of $9.2 million. The intangible assets are being amortized over their useful lives ranging from one to eight years. During the second quarter of fiscal 2008, the Company completed the acquisition of an unrelated private company that designed and developed software for optical storage applications for a purchase price of $9.6 million. Under the purchase method of accounting, the total purchase price was allocated to net tangible and intangible assets based on their fair value as of the date of the completion of the acquisition. The Company recorded acquired net tangible assets of $3.5 million, deferred tax liability of $0.5 million, amortizable intangible assets of $1.3 million and goodwill of $5.3 million. The intangible assets are being amortized over their useful lives ranging from three to five years.
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Note 5. Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets
The increase in goodwill during the third quarter of fiscal 2008 of $25.0 million was due to goodwill recorded for contingent consideration from the acquisition of the Avago Business. The increase in goodwill during the first nine months of fiscal 2008 was due to $23.7 million of goodwill primarily for contingent consideration recorded from the acquisition of the Avago Business (see Note 4) and other adjustments as well as $5.3 million of goodwill from the acquisition of a private company. The increase in purchased intangibles during the three and nine months ended October 27, 2007 was from the acquisition of a private company during the three months ended July 28, 2007. Purchased technology is amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of one to six years. Core technology is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful lives of one to eight years. Trade name is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of five years. Customer contracts and related relationships are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of four to seven years. The supply contract is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of four years. Non-competition is amortized on a straight-line basis over three years. The aggregate amortization expense of identified intangible assets was $37.3 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2008, $27.4 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2007, $111.9 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2008 and $72.2 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2007. The estimated total amortization expenses of acquired intangible assets are $36.5 million for the remaining three months of fiscal 2008, $142.4 million in fiscal 2009, $115.4 million in fiscal 2010, $83.1 million in fiscal 2011, $40.9 million in fiscal 2012, $29.8 million in fiscal 2013, $21.4 million in fiscal 2014 and $0.2 million for fiscal 2015.
Note 6. Commitments and Contingencies
Warranty Obligations
The following table presents changes in the warranty accrual included in accrued liabilities during the three and nine months ended October 27, 2007 and October 28, 2006 (in thousands):
Purchase Commitments In connection with the acquisition of the ICAP Business, the Company entered into a product supply agreement with Intel. Under the terms of the agreement the Company has committed to purchase a minimum number of wafers through June 2008. If at the end of any fiscal quarter for Intel, there is a shortfall between the quantity of supply ordered by the Company and the quantities of supply required under the supply agreement commitment, Intel will invoice the Company for the shortfall and will deliver the corresponding quantity upon receipt of payment from the Company. The agreement requires the Company to prepay for certain wafers six months in advance of delivery and issue non cancellable purchase orders at least six months in
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advance of requested delivery dates for all purchases under the supply agreement. As of October 27, 2007, the Company recorded $22.8 million in prepaid assets for prepayment of wafers and had non cancellable purchase orders outstanding of $125.6 million. Under the Company’s manufacturing relationships with all other foundries, cancellation of all outstanding purchase orders are allowed but require repayment of all expenses incurred through the date of cancellation. As of October 27, 2007, these foundries had incurred approximately $211.4 million of manufacturing expenses on the Company’s outstanding purchase orders. On February 28, 2005 and as amended on March 31, 2005, the Company entered into an agreement with a foundry to reserve and secure foundry fabrication capacity for a fixed number of wafers at agreed upon prices for a period of five and a half years beginning on October 1, 2005. In return, the Company agreed to pay the foundry $174.2 million over a period of eighteen months. The amendment extends the term of the agreement and the agreed upon pricing terms until December 31, 2015. As of October 27, 2007, payments totaling $174.2 million which are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and other non-current assets had been made and approximately $121.5 million of the prepayment had been utilized. At October 27, 2007, there were no outstanding commitments under the agreement. As of October 27, 2007, the Company had approximately $63.1 million of other outstanding non-cancellable purchase orders for capital purchase obligations. Contingencies IPO Securities Litigation. On July 31, 2001, a putative class action suit was filed against two investment banks that participated in the underwriting of the Company’s initial public offering, or IPO, on June 29, 2000. That lawsuit, which did not name Marvell or any of our officers or directors as defendants, was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Plaintiffs allege that the underwriters received “excessive” and undisclosed commissions and entered into unlawful “tie-in” agreements with certain of their clients in violation of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Thereafter, on September 5, 2001, a second putative class action was filed in the Southern District of New York relating to our IPO. In this second action, plaintiffs named three underwriters as defendants and also named as defendants Marvell and two of our officers, one of whom is also a director. Relying on many of the same allegations contained in the initial complaint in which we were not named as a defendant, plaintiffs allege that the defendants violated various provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In both actions, plaintiffs seek, among other items, unspecified damages, pre-judgment interest and reimbursement of attorneys’ and experts’ fees. These two actions relating to our IPO have been consolidated with hundreds of other lawsuits filed by plaintiffs against approximately 40 underwriters and approximately 300 issuers across the United States. Defendants in the consolidated proceedings moved to dismiss the actions. In February 2003, the trial court granted the motions in part and denied them in part, thus allowing the case to proceed against the underwriters and us as to alleged violations of section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 and section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Claims against the individual officers have been voluntarily dismissed with prejudice by agreement with plaintiffs. In June 2004, a stipulation of settlement and release of claims against the issuer defendants, including the Company, was submitted to the court for approval. On August 31, 2005, the court preliminarily approved the settlement. In December 2006, the appellate court overturned the certification of classes in the six test cases that were selected by the underwriter defendants and plaintiffs in the coordinated proceedings. Because class certification was a condition of the settlement, it was unlikely that the settlement would receive final Court approval. On June 25, 2007, the Court entered an order terminating the proposed settlement based upon a stipulation among the parties to the settlement. Plaintiffs have filed amended master allegations and amended complaints in the six focus cases and have moved for class certification. On December 21, 2007, responsive briefs are due. On February 15, 2008 reply briefs are due. 16(b) Litigation. On October 9, 2007, a purported Marvell shareholder filed a complaint for violation of Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which prohibits short-swing trading, against the Company’s IPO underwriters. The complaint, Vanessa Simmonds v. The Goldman Sachs Group, et al., Case No. C07-1632, in District Court for the Western District of Washington, seeks the recovery of short-swing profits. The Company is named as a nominal defendant. No recovery is sought from the Company.
Jasmine Networks Litigation. On September 12, 2001, Jasmine Networks, Inc. (“Jasmine”) filed a lawsuit in the Santa Clara County Superior Court alleging claims against three officers and the Company for improperly obtaining and using information and technologies during the course of the negotiations with our personnel regarding the potential acquisition of certain Jasmine assets by the Company. The lawsuit claims that the Company’s officers improperly obtained and used such information and technologies after the Company signed a non-disclosure agreement with Jasmine. The Company believes the claims asserted against its officers and the Company are without merit and the Company intends to defend all claims vigorously.
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On June 21, 2005, the Company filed a cross complaint in the above disclosed action in the Santa Clara County Superior Court asserting claims against Jasmine and unnamed Jasmine officers and employees. The cross complaint was later amended to name two individual officers of Jasmine. On May 15, 2007, the Company filed a second amended cross complaint to add additional causes of action for declaratory relief against Jasmine. Among other actions, the cross complaint alleges that Jasmine and its personnel engaged in fraud in connection with their effort to sell to the Company technology that Jasmine and its personnel wrongfully obtained from a third party in violation of such third party’s rights. The cross complaint seeks declaratory judgment that the Company’s technology does not incorporate any of Jasmine’s alleged technology. The cross complaint seeks further declaratory judgment that Jasmine and its personnel misappropriated certain aspects of Jasmine’s alleged technology. The Company intends to prosecute the cross complaint against Jasmine and its personnel vigorously, including, but not limited to, filing certain dispositive motions regarding the ownership of the technology which is the subject of the cross complaint. On June 13, 2007, Jasmine filed a demurrer to the fifth, sixth, and seventh causes of action of the Company’s second amended cross-complaint. The demurrer was heard on July 19, 2007 and denied. On August 3, 2007, Jasmine filed its answer to the second amended complaint. The Company’s motion for summary adjudication on its fifth and sixth causes of action for declaratory relief is set for November 9, 2007, which will seek, among other things, a determination that Jasmine held no propriety interest in the “JSLIP” algorithm, which was one of the core technologies Jasmine asserts was misappropriated by Marvell. The motion was denied on November 14, 2007. CSIRO Litigation. In 2004, Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (“CSIRO”) sent notice letters to a number of Wi-Fi System manufacturers regarding CSIRO’s patent, U.S. Patent No. 5,487,069 as it relates to IEEE 802.11a and 802.11g wireless standards. In May 2005, a group of system manufacturers, including customers of our 802.11a or 802.11g wireless LAN products, filed an action in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California seeking a declaratory judgment against CSIRO that the plaintiff manufacturers’ products employing the IEEE 802.11a or 802.11g wireless standards do not infringe CSIRO’s patent, U.S. Patent No. 5,487,069. In September 2006, CSIRO filed an answer and counterclaims alleging that plaintiffs’ products that employ those wireless standards infringe the CSIRO patent and seeking damages, including enhanced damages and attorneys’ fees and costs, and an injunction against sales of infringing products. In December 2006, the district court granted CSIRO’s motion to transfer the case to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, where CSIRO had brought a similar lawsuit against another company. As a result of CSIRO’s counterclaims for patent infringement, a customer of ours has sought indemnification from us. Also in December 2006, CSIRO filed suit in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas against several manufacturers and suppliers of wireless products, including customers of our 802.11a or 802.11g wireless LAN products. The complaint alleges that the manufacture, use and sale of wireless products compliant with the IEEE 802.11a or 802.11g wireless standards infringes on the CSIRO patent. As a result of CSIRO’s claim for patent infringement, another customer of ours has sought indemnification from us. In response to these demands for indemnification, the Company has acknowledged the demands and incurred costs in response to them. On July 3, 2007, the Company moved to intervene in the two actions described above pending in the Eastern District of Texas, for the purposes of staying the actions as to products incorporating Marvell parts in favor of the separate action that the Company filed as described in the next paragraph. Alternatively the Company moved to disqualify the firm of Townsend, Townsend and Crew from continuing to represent CSIRO because of a conflict of interest. CSIRO opposed these motions on August 3, 2007. On May 4, 2007, the Company filed an action in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas seeking a declaratory judgment against CSIRO that the CSIRO patent is invalid and unenforceable and that the Company and its customers do not infringe the CSIRO patent. The complaint also seeks damages and a license for the Company and its customers on reasonable and non-discriminatory terms in the event the Company’s 802.11a/g wireless LAN products are found to infringe and the CSIRO patent is found to be valid and enforceable. On August 3, 2007, CSIRO moved to dismiss the complaint for lack of case or controversy and failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, or, in the alternative, to stay the case pending the resolution of the pending lawsuits described in the preceding paragraph. On October 24, 2007, the Court issued an order denying CSIRO’s motion to dismiss. The Court also denied the Company’s motions to stay/intervene/disqualify. The Claim Construction hearing is set for June 26, 2008. Trial in our action is set to begin on May 10, 2010. Shareholder Derivative Litigation. Between July 7, 2006 and August 2, 2006, three purported shareholder derivative actions were filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. Each of these lawsuits names the Company as a nominal defendant and a number of the Company’s current and former directors and officers as defendants.
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Each lawsuit seeks to recover damages purportedly sustained by the Company in connection with its option granting processes, and seeks certain corporate governance and internal control changes. Pursuant to orders of the court dated August 17 and October 17, 2006, the three actions were consolidated as a single action, entitled In re Marvell Technology Group Ltd. Derivative Litigation. The plaintiffs filed an amended and consolidated complaint on November 1, 2006. On January 16, 2007, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the consolidated complaint for lack of standing or, in the alternative, stay proceedings. Pursuant to stipulations among the parties and orders of the court, our motion is currently scheduled to be heard on March 14, 2008. On February 12, 2007, a new purported derivative action was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. Like In re Marvell Technology Group Ltd. Derivative Litigation, this lawsuit names the Company as a nominal defendant and a number of our current and former directors and officers as defendants. It seeks to recover damages purportedly sustained by the Company in connection with its option granting processes, and seeks certain corporate governance and internal control changes. On May 1, 2007, the court entered an order consolidating this lawsuit with In re Marvell Technology Group Ltd. Derivative Litigation. On May 29, 2007, the court entered an order staying discovery in this matter pending resolution of the Company’s motion to dismiss. Class Action Securities Litigation. Between October 5, 2006 and November 13, 2006, four putative class actions were filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California against the Company and certain of its officers and directors. The complaints allege that the Company and certain of its officers and directors violated the federal securities laws by making false and misleading statements and omissions relating to the grants of stock options. The complaints seek, on behalf of persons who purchased our common stock during the period from October 3, 2001 to October 3, 2006, unspecified damages, interest, and costs and expenses, including attorneys’ fees and disbursements. Pursuant to an order of the court dated February 2, 2007, these four putative class actions were consolidated as a single action entitled In re Marvell Technology Group Ltd. Securities Litigation. On August 16, 2007, plaintiffs filed a consolidated class action complaint. On October 18, 2007, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the consolidated class action complaint. The Company’s motion is currently scheduled to be heard on February 1, 2008. SEC and United States Attorney Inquiries. In July 2006, the Company received a letter of informal inquiry from the SEC requesting certain documents relating to the Company’s stock option grants and practices. The Company also received a grand jury subpoena from the office of the United States Attorney for the Northern District of California requesting substantially similar documents. On April 20, 2007, the Company was informed that the SEC is now conducting a formal investigation into this matter. On June 8, 2007, the Company received a document subpoena from the SEC. On October 11, 2007, the Company received a “Wells Notice” from the staff of the SEC. Weili Dai, Director of Strategic Marketing and Business Development and former Chief Operating Officer, who is not an officer or director of Marvell, also received a notice. The staff also advised the Company that it is not at this time recommending enforcement action against any current officers or directors of Marvell. The notices indicate that the staff intends to recommend to the Commission that it bring civil actions against the recipients for injunctive relief and civil monetary penalties. As the Company has previously disclosed, the Company has the opportunity to respond in writing to the “Wells Notice” and/or reach a resolution of this matter before any action is filed. The Company has submitted a written response to the “Wells Notice” and are awaiting the Commission’s response to the Company’s submission.
The Company has cooperated with the SEC and the United States Attorney regarding these matters, and intend to continue to do so. The Company cannot predict the outcome of these investigations.
Wi-Lan Litigation. On December 21, 2006, Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. (“MSI”) received a letter from Wi-Lan, Inc. (“Wi-Lan”) accusing MSI of infringing four United States patents allegedly owned by Wi-Lan, and one Canadian patent also allegedly owned by Wi-Lan. On October 31, 2007, Wi-Lan sued two groups of system and chip manufacturers in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, in both cases naming MSI as a defendant and alleging patent infringement. In the first case, Wi-Lan alleges that defendants infringe two patents that allegedly relate to the 802.11 wireless standard. In the second case, Wi-Lan alleges that defendants infringe the same two patents asserted in the first case, and in addition Wi-Lan alleges that some of the defendants in the second case infringe a third patent that allegedly relates to Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (“ADSL”) technology. In the second case, MSI is not accused of infringing the ADSL patent. MSI believes it does not infringe the asserted Wi-Lan patents and will vigorously defend itself in these matters.
On November 5, 2007, MSI filed a Complaint against Wi-Lan in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California asking the Court to find that it does not infringe three patents that Wi-Lan asserted against MSI in its December 21, 2006 letter. Two of these patents were not asserted against MSI in either of the two Texas litigations. These patents allegedly relate to Wideband Code Division Multiple Access technology. Also, MSI asks in the alternative that the Court find the patents invalid. MSI will vigorously pursue this matter.
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General. The Company is also party to other legal proceedings and claims arising in the normal course of business. The legal proceedings and claims described above could result in substantial costs and could divert the attention and resources of the Company’s management. Although the legal responsibility and financial impact with respect to these proceedings and claims cannot currently be ascertained, an unfavorable outcome in such actions could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s cash flows, including potential impacts to certain covenants under its existing credit agreement. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and unfavorable rulings could occur. An unfavorable ruling in litigation could require the Company to pay damages or one-time license fees or royalty payments, which could adversely impact gross margins in future periods, or could prevent the Company from manufacturing or selling some of its products or limit or restrict the type of work that employees involved in such litigation may perform for the Company. There can be no assurance that these matters will be resolved in a manner that is not adverse to the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Note 7. Stock-Based Compensation Effective from January 29, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS 123R. SFAS 123R requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based awards to employees and directors, including employee stock options, restricted stock units and employee stock purchase rights based on estimated fair values. SFAS 123R supersedes previous accounting guidance under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”) and related interpretations and amends SFAS No.95, “Statement of Cash Flows.” Under SFAS 123R, the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation cost has to be reported as a financing cash flow, rather than as an operating cash flow. This may reduce future net cash flows from operations and increase future net financing cash flows. In March 2005, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”), which provides guidance regarding the interaction of SFAS 123R and certain SEC rules and regulations. The Company has applied the provisions of SAB 107 in its adoption of SFAS 123R. Prior to January 29, 2006, the Company accounted for its stock based compensation plans using the intrinsic value method under the provisions of APB 25 and related guidance, using the accelerated method of amortization. The Company adopted SFAS 123R using the modified prospective method. Under the modified prospective method, results of operations include compensation costs of unvested options granted prior to January 29, 2006, and options granted subsequent to that date. For grants prior to January 29, 2006, the Company amortizes stock-based compensation expense under the accelerated method. For grants from January 29, 2006, the Company amortizes stock-based compensation expense ratably over the vest term. Cumulative Effect of Change in Accounting Principle The adoption of SFAS 123R resulted in a cumulative benefit from change in accounting principle of $8.8 million net of tax as of the year ended January 27, 2007, reflecting the net cumulative impact of estimated forfeitures that were previously not included in the determination of historic stock-based compensation expense in periods prior to January 28, 2006. The following table presents details of stock-based compensation expenses by functional line item (in thousands):
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The following assumptions were used for each respective period to calculate the weighted average fair value of each option award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model:
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