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WIKI ANALYSIS
OmniVision Technologies is the largest producer of CMOS image sensors.[1] Design is carried out in the United States. Fabrication occurs in Taiwan.
OmniVision is the only major image sensor producer dedicated solely to image sensor and related product production.[2]
OmniVision has the widest selection of products. OmniVision is present in the most amount of markets.[3] They also are frequently the first to market with the latest technology.[4]
OmniVision has the strongest financial position of any image sensor producer, with almost half of its assets in cash.
OmniVision is frequently the market leader by revenue and quantity. For a time in late 2006 and early 2007, Micron Technologies temporarily produced the most by revenue until they ran into financial difficulty.
Finance
OmniVision's fiscal year ends on April 30th.
Balance sheet
- Assets have grown from $3.72 million Dollars in 1998[5] to $688 million Dollars in 2007.
- Cash, Cash Equivalents, & Short Term Investments have grown from $2.69 million Dollars in 1998[5] to $305 million Dollars in 2007, now 1/3 of the present market capitalization (14 December, 2007).
- Shares Outstanding have grown from 2.4 million shares in 1998[5] to 54.94 million shares in 2007.
Income statement
- Sales have grown from $166 thousand Dollars in 1996[5] to $528 million Dollars in 2007.
- Quarterly sales have accelerated in recent quarters.
Cash flow statement
- Cash Flows from Operations have grown from ($5.3) million Dollars in 1998[5] to $43 million Dollars in 2007.
- Capital Expenditures have grown from $413 thousand Dollars in 1998[5] to $83 million Dollars in 2007.
Miscellaneous
ASPs
Average Selling Prices of sensors have declined at a 20% to 25% average annual rate,[2] a slower pace than the 34.7% rate that the Intel series suffers.[6]
Stock Options Financing
The company is heavily dependent upon stock options to finance a large percentage of employee compensation. As of the 2007 annual report, there were roughly 12.5 million OmniVision issued options outstanding for an 8 year weighted average remaining contractual life and a $18.54 weighted average exercise price.[7] There are approximately 49 million shares issued and outstanding.
Seasonality
Product
The specific products and product groups have been known to be subject to typical seasonal variable revenue cyclicality.[7]
Share Retirement & Dividends
To date, OmniVision has authorized:
Shares outstanding have been reduced from a high of nearly 60 million shares to under 50 million.
Operations
As of the fiscal 2007 annual report, OmniVision currently employs over 2,000 people.[7]
Sensor production
- F4Q2006, 48 million sensors[10]
- F1Q2007, 58 million sensors[11]
- F2Q2007, 65 million sensors[12]
- F3Q2007, 66 million sensors[13]
- F4Q2007, 62 million sensors[2]
- F1Q2008, 86 million sensors[12]
- F2Q2008, 120 million sensors (16% of all sensors ever produced by the company)[12]
- Since inception, 770 million sensors[14]
Operational Process
Operational Divisions
Mainstream Products
- F1Q2007, 70% of production[10]
- F2Q2007, 85% of production[11]
- F3Q2007, 80% of production[13]
- F4Q2007, 80% of production[2]
- F1Q2008, 70% of production[15]
- F2Q2008, 65% of production[12]
Emerging Products (formerly, Advanced Products)
- F1Q2007, 30% of production[10]
- F2Q2007, 15% of production[11]
- F3Q2007, 20% of production[13]
- F4Q2007, 20% of production[2]
- F1Q2008, 30% of production[15]
- F2Q2008, 35% of production[12]
Automotive
Security
Medical
Geography of Operations
The United States of America
- Corporate Headquarters - Sunnyvale, California
Mainland China
- Shanghai
- Beijing
- Shenzhen
Taiwan
- Taipei
South Korea
- Seoul
Hong Kong
Singapore
Europe
- Hook, The United Kingdom
- Nokia, Finland
Technologies
Owned
OmniBSI[16]
- 1.4 to 0.9 micron pixel
- Superior to 1.75u Front Side Iluminated pixels
- Electronic Design Magazine's Best of 2008 Award[17]
- Lower f stops
- Less crosstalk
Wavefront Coding
- May focus any one or any number of focal fields, selectively.[19]
- Can be used to measure distance passively in a single exposure, as opposed to the more normal, time dependent active rangefinder method used for autofocus mechanisms.[20]
- Can "[correct] optical aberrations within the image."[14]
Comparing Wavefront Coding to extending depth of field by using color channels in late 2003, "'in a normal lens the red, green and blue light rays all have a slightly different focus,' Cathey explained. 'You can correct for this by using combinations of lenses, but we can do it much more easily by wavefront coding because it becomes irrelevant whether the different colours end up at different distances from the lens.'"
Dr. Cathey goes on to explain the advantages of a Wavefront Coded system, that "the technique also corrects for the blur caused by the temperature-related aberrations associated with inexpensive plastic optics. Optical elements can be manufactured in plastic providing a lower-cost, high-volume solution."[21]
- Wavefront Coding can also be used to remove aberrations in sound.[22]
Wafer-Level Optics
- A recent (March 23, 2008) patent filed in Europe[23] is for a wafer-level optics production method.
Not Owned
- OmniVision was first to develop this technology, implemented in the 1/10" VGA, having a height of only 2.5mm.[24]
- Tessera created an alternative method, called a "Wafer Level Camera", months after OmniVision was already shipping the 1/10" VGA in volume
- Micron discovered their own techniques nearly a year after OmniVision, also calling their technique "Wafer Level Cameras"
- These advances have allowed image sensor manufacturers to begin to integrate camera module manufacturing.[25]
High Dynamic Range (HDR) / Signal to Noise Ratio
- For image sensors, "dynamic range is essentially signal-to-noise ratio, which is just signal divided by noise."[26]
- OmniVision is vastly ahead of their competition in this area, able to produce at least 65dB ranges for most new chips while the competition cannot break 40dB.
- The highest ranged sensor produced by OmniVision has a 110dB dynamic range, capable of viewing more than the difference (90dB) between a moonlit night and a sunny day in a single exposure.[27] It is the largest color HDR currently (14 December, 2007) offered by any CMOS image sensor producer.
- They provide SpeedView to handset manufacturers for WYSIWYG picture taking, which captures the image shown on the display, and rapid picture taking (10-20 images per second).[28]
- OmniVision's OV3640 is the first chip ever to be fully Scalado compatible.
- Varioptic has created a lens focusing system that rearranges fluids in a single "lens" to focus rather than using multiple solid lenses. OmniVision provides the OV3640 for their 3mp sensor needs.[29]
Products
Product Characteristics
Wavefront Coding Products
- Nokia (NOK) is working to integrate Wavefront Coding into their products.[30]
- Sony-Ericsson is working to integrate Wavefront Coding into their products.[31]
- Kyocera (KYO) is working to integrate Wavefront Coding into their products.[32]
- Samsung is working to integrate Wavefront Coding into their products.[33]
- Varioptic, the creators of Liquid Lens, is working to integrate Wavefront Coding into their products.[34]
TrueFocus
- Able to autofocus digitally via an internal autofocus[19]
- Able to focus upon specific regions of a picture, selected by a user, avoiding common mistakes made by autofocus algorithms[19]
- May focus all focal fields, providing an Infinite Depth of Field
- External Autofocus compatible
- No moving parts.
- Focusing handled digitally, requiring less lenses
- No alternatives
Form Factors
A Form Factor is an industrial term for standard sizes of image sensors by lens diameter. Form Factors usually have implied resolutions by pixel size, e.g. 1/4" for 2mp at 2.2 microns per pixel (OmniPixel 2) yet 1.75 microns per pixel (OmniPixel 3) for 1/4" 3mp.
Height is not normally specified, but its' increased importance is causing OmniVision to now headline significantly smaller heights.
OmniVision competes very aggressively to attempt to be the first to market with the latest form factors for the various resolutions. Lately, they are attempting to also include the latest features and functions such as Wavefront Coding, HDR, MIPI, Anti-Shake, Scalado compatibility, greater sensitivities, and others.
8mp
The OV8810[35] is OmniVision's first attempt at 8mp.
- 1/3"
- 7mm height
- OmniBSI
- HDR Ready
- True HD
- Announced September 2008
- Volume shipments expected first calendar quarter of 2009
5mp
- 1/4"
- OmniBSI
- Embedded TrueFocus
- True HD
- Announced September 2008
- Volume shipments expected first calendar quarter of 2009
3mp
The OV3640
- 1/4"
- MIPI Capable
- Image Stabilization
- 65dB Dynamic Range[37]
- First sensor ever to be fully Scalado compatible[28]
- Autofocus Control
- Volume production of the system on a chip, the first 3mp announced to be in volume production by OmniVision, was announced in February, 2008.[38]
The OV3642
- All OV3640 Capabilities
- Embedded TrueFocus
- OmniPixel3-HS
- Double the sensitivity of currently (11 February, 2008) competing 1/4" 3mp products
- JPEG Compression
- Traditional autofocus compatible
- Internal instantaneous autofocus engine
- Volume shipments expected in the third quarter of 2008
2mp
The OV2650 is the first high volume intended, form factor frontier of any resolution ever to include HDR.
- 1/5"
- MIPI Capable
- Image Stabilization
- 85dB High Dynamic Range
- 520mV/lux-sec Sensitivity[39]
- Design wins were announced at the F2Q08 conference call.[12]
VGA
- 1/13"
- OmniPixel3-HS (double the sensitivity of competing sensors)
- Announced February, 2008
- Volume shipments expected third calendar quarter of 2008
Management
Shaw Hong, CEO and President
Co-founder of the company, Mr. Hong holds a B.S. degree in electrical engineering from Jiao Tong University in China and an M.S. degree in electrical engineering from Oregon State University.[41]
Industry Characteristics
Sweet Spot
Using the industry vernacular, the so-called "Sweet Spot" is the resolution achieving the highest revenue during a period of measurement. Currently, management implies that the 2mp chips retain this position[15] but expects 3mp to take the lead sometime in calendar 2008.[12]
The Sweet Spot has typically been the latest 1/4" form factor products.
Business Models
Image sensor producers who own and operate their semiconductor fabrication facilities are known as "fabs". Samsung would fit this description.
The term can also be used for companies that physically produce the chips yet don't take major roles in design. Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSM) would fit this description.
Image sensor producers who purchase their physical inventory and possibly other supply chain steps from outside companies are called "fabless". OmniVision would fit this description.
Analysts and press pundits had argued as recently as calendar mid-2007 that the fabless model would not work in the CMOS image sensor industry.[42]
A new trend among fabless companies is to be "fablite", where the company doesn't own fabrication facilities but does own facilities capable of other production steps.
In OmniVision's case, they have stakes in companies that perform Chip Scale Packaging, among other steps.
Both Micron and Sony have announced their intentions to copy OmniVision's choice to become fabless/fablite.
Companies that discover and sell production techniques are sometimes called "IP Factories". Tessera Technologies (TSRA) would fit this description.
Customers
OmniVision provides the sensor in the Playstation Eye for the PlayStation 3.[43]
OmniVision provides the sensor in the EyeToy for the Playstation and PS2.[44]
Chose OmniVision to be a Strategic Supplier in March, 2006.[45]
Chose OmniVision to be a Strategic Suppler in August, 2005.[46] However, they have sold their handset business,[47] and it's unclear whether OmniVision will remain as the strategic supplier.
Automotive Rearview Cameras.[48]
Disposable 1/18" FDA approved sensor for the Third Eye Retroscope colonoscopy device.[49]
Single-use, disposable 1/7" CIF sensor used in the TVT (Tracheoscopic Ventilation Tube)[50]
OmniVision provides sensors for the Spy Video Car[54]
OmniVision supplies sensors for the Picosat and Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Systems Engineering (PAUSE) Mars prototype aerobot project.[57]
Subsidiaries & Joint Ventures
"In April 2005, [OmniVision] completed the acquisition of CDM Optics, Inc., or CDM, a company located in Boulder, Colorado. CDM is the exclusive licensee from an affiliate of the University of Colorado of a patented technology, known as Wavefront Coding technology that increases the performance of an imaging system by substantially increasing the depth of field and/or correcting optical aberrations within the image. We expect that it will significantly reduce the size and complexity of the auto-focus function on future camera modules utilizing OmniVision sensors. The closing consideration for the acquisition consisted of $10.0 million in cash and approximately 515,000 shares of common stock."[14]
VisEra is a joint venture with TSMC located in Taiwan created for back-end manufacturing services. Both OmniVision and TSMC have entered into separate nonexclusive license agreements with VisEra to which each party licenses certain intellectual property to VisEra relating to manufacturing services.[14]
"WLCSP is in the business of designing, manufacturing, packaging and selling certain wafer level chip scale packaging related services, for which [OmniVision] is currently a customer. [OmniVision] owns approximately 19.98% of WLCSP’s registered capital on a fully-diluted basis and has appointed a member to WLCSP’s board of directors and a supervisor to monitor the actions of WLCSP’s board of directors and officers."[14]
XinTec is "a Taiwan-based supplier of chip-scale packaging services." After "Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSM) purchased approximately 90.5 million previously-unissued shares from XinTec, [OmniVision's] beneficial ownership percentage in XinTec declined to 12.4%."[14]
XinTec completed its' first fabrication facility capable of processing 300mm wafers with Wafer Level Packaging Technology. The combined monthly capacity for 200mm and 300mm wafers at XinTec is now 40,000 wafers.[58]
" In 2003, in order to enhance its access to plastic and ceramic packaging services that were in short supply, the Company purchased approximately 27% of the common stock of ImPac."[14]
Suppliers
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSM)
Distributors & OEMs
Competitors
OmniVision was the only company to increase sales in 2007 by more than 20%, "a 'rare' off year" for the industry.[59]
Possibly due to Micon's inability to compete as evidenced by the large decline in "imaging" sales, newly arrived operating losses from "imaging",[60] and conspicuous underrepresentation in the VGA market with 50% of all units shipped in their first fiscal quarter of 2008 at 2mp and above with expectations that VGA and 1mp will be even less represented in the fiscal second quarter[61] but reasoned by the company "to improve its focus on the semiconductor memory market, [Micron] is exploring business model alternatives for its Imaging business", purchased from Avago Technologies,[62] and Photobit [63]"including partnering arrangements. Under any of the alternatives being considered, [Micron] expects that it will continue to manufacture CMOS image sensors."[64]
Micron's actions regarding their business producing CMOS sensors have arguably become somewhat disjointed. They have renamed their image sensor division "Aptina".[65] It is still a part of the overall company, yet it can "seek manufacturing alliances with outside foundries".[66] They call their new 1/11" 4mm x 4mm x 2.5mm VGA module a "Wafer Level Camera",[65] a possible play on the term "Wafer Level Optics" and possibly in response to Tessera's new "OPtiML™ Wafer Level Camera" technology,[67] even though OmniVision has been able to produce a similar sized VGA module since early 2007, calling the technology "chip scale packaging".[68]
Micron's problems may have worsened. "S&P said it has placed its BB- credit rating on CreditWatch 'with negative implications' citing 'challenging market conditions' faced by the Boise, Idaho-based tech company. S&P noted how 'a degree of economic diversity among the three markets has benefited ratings in the past.' 'However, concurrent weakness in all three markets, coupled with high capital expenditures to expand and upgrade manufacturing facilities, has led to substantial negative cash flows,' S&P said in a statement. Bruce Hyman, an S&P credit analyst, said the ratings agency is meeting with Micron management 'to review anticipated business conditions and capital expenditure plans.' 'In the event that we lower the rating, it is unlikely to be by more than one notch,' he said in a statement."[69]
Micron lost money on its' imaging division in fiscal 2008.[70]
It is unclear whether the investigation into an accusation that Samsung used "its subsidiaries to create a slush fund and paying off public officials to avert investigations into its management practices" and raid on Samsung's offices are affecting its' CMOS image sensor business.[71]
Toshiba is licensing Tessera's OptiML Focus Technology to compete with OmniVision's Wavefront Coding products.[72] There have been no product announcements yet.
Tessera develops and markets CMOS image sensor production techniques.
They have run into difficulty with some of their patents:
"On February 29, 2008, the Patent Office issued an Official Action rejecting Tessera’s 6,133,627 patent in ex parte reexamination. The Patent Office rejected every claim of the ‘627 patent that is in reexamination.
Since February 15, the Patent Office has acted on Siliconware's reexaminations and has rejected the claims being asserted by Tessera against an array of chip manufacturers in US District Court lawsuits, ITC actions, and arbitration proceedings. The patents subject to Siliconware's reexaminations include Tessera's 6,433,419 and 6,465,893, both of which have rejections in inter partes reexaminations, and Tessera's 5,852,326 which has been similarly rejected in ex parte reexamination.
On February 26, the International Trade Commission took the rarely employed step of staying a hearing based on Siliconware's reexaminations. The ITC stayed Tessera's investigation against Spansion, Qualcom, ATI Technologies, Motorola, STMicroelectronics, and Freescale.
The patents Tessera is asserting against Siliconware are part of Tessera’s “Compliant Chip” license, a portfolio that had been previously asserted in numerous litigations and which, according to Tessera, has generated over $250 million dollars in licensing profits. "[73]
Strangely, Tessera was bestowed the "Product of the Year" for 2007, honored for their work on their Wafer Level Camera by the trade magazine Electronic Products even though OmniVision had already released a VGA module with a 2.5mm height earlier in the year.
The French government has recently pledged 5.6 million Euros "towards a project to develop infra-red imaging sensors targeted at uses in the automotive, medical and aerospace industries. Participants in the Euros 23 million R&D project, dubbed Imalogic, include ST Microelectronics, image sensor specialist Sofradir, its subsidiary Ulis, Trixell, and French microelectronics research center CEA-LETI."[74]
There has been no news of interference within ST Micro by the French government since they took more share than their co-owners, the German government, except for proposals being sent to the French government to merge ST Micro into other companies.[75]
Despite a meager product offering,[76] Kodak's promised a large leap in sensor sensitivity. They claim to be able to "[provide] a 2x to 4x increase in sensitivity to light (from one to two photographic stops) compared to current sensor designs" with their new TRUESENSE Color Filter Pattern. However, they did not specify what designs they were referencing, exactly.[77] If "current sensor designs" from above is to include current designs of competing sensors, OmniVision's HS pixel design, expected to be on the market, is claimed to be 2x the competing sensitivities.
Currently, profits from image sensors are declining faster than the 90% drop in operating income at Sony.[78]
External links
- Wavefront Coding Wikipedia entry
- TrueFocus Promotional Video
- OmniBSI Promotional Video
- Automotive HDR Promotional Video
References
- ↑
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 OmniVision F4Q07 (Qtr End 4/30/07) Earnings Call Transcript
- ↑ OmniVision Products
- ↑ OmniVision News & Events
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Prospectus
- ↑ Shifting Trends in Semiconductor Prices and the Pace of Technological Change
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 2007 Annual Report (2007 10-K)
- ↑ OmniVision Reports Fourth-Quarter and Fiscal 2005 Results; SEC Inquiry Terminated; Board Sets $100 Million Share Repurchase Program
- ↑ OmniVision Reports Financial Results for Third Quarter of Fiscal 2007.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 OmniVision Technologies F1Q07 (Qtr End 7/31/06) Earnings Call Transcript (OVTI)
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 OmniVision F2Q07 (Qtr End 10/31/06) Earnings Call Transcript
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 OmniVision F2Q08 (Qtr End 10/31/2007) Earnings Call Transcript
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 OmniVision F3Q07 (Qtr End 01/31/07) Earnings Call Transcript
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 Fiscal Second Quarterly Report (F2Q08 10-Q)
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 OmniVision F1Q08 (Qtr End 7/31/07) Earnings Call Transcript
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ [2]
- ↑ Methods for minimizing aberrating effects in imaging systems
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Multi-matrix depth of field image sensor
- ↑ Passive range measurement through wavefront coding
- ↑ Wavefront coding keeps a focus on applications
- ↑ Systems and methods for minimizing aberrating effects in imaging systems
- ↑ ARRAYED IMAGING SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS
- ↑ OmniVision's 1/10-inch OV7680 VGA CameraChip Ships to Customers Worldwide
- ↑ CMOS image sensor makers extend to module production
- ↑ Kodak fits 50MP into dynamic range
- ↑ OmniVision Introduces Single-Chip Color High Dynamic Range CameraChip Sensor
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 OmniVision and Scalado Collaborate
- ↑ Varioptic liquid lens in 3-Mpixel autofocus camera module
- ↑ (WO/2006/027405) METHOD OF CREATING COLOUR IMAGE, IMAGING DEVICE AND IMAGING MODULE
- ↑ Active autofocus window
- ↑ Image pickup apparatus and method and apparatus for manufacturing the same
- ↑ Optical system having multiple curvature lens and manufacturing method thereof
- ↑ Zoom Lens System with Wavefront Coding
- ↑ OmniVision Premieres World's First 1/3-Inch, 8 Megapixel CameraChip(TM) Sensor With 1.4 Micron OmniBSI(TM) Technology
- ↑ OmniVision Launches World's First 1/4-Inch, 5 Megapixel SOC Sensor
- ↑ OV3640 Press Release
- ↑ OmniVision in Volume Production With its First 1/4-Inch, 3-Megapixel System-On-A-Chip Sensor -- Multiple Tier One Handset Customer Design Wins Already Secured
- ↑ OmniVision Launches New 1/5-Inch, 2-Megapixel Image Sensor with High Dynamic Range and Anti-Shake Technology
- ↑ OmniVision Unveils World's Smallest VGA CameraChip Sensor
- ↑ Executive Management - OmniVision Technologies
- ↑ Jeffries & Company Equity Research - February 26, 2008
- ↑ Playstation Eye Interview
- ↑ Sony Plans to Sell EyeToy in US after Strong Launch
- ↑ LG Selects OmniVision as Strategic Supplier
- ↑ Lenovo Selects OmniVision as Strategic Supplier
- ↑ Lenovo completes sales of handset unit
- ↑ Hella Selects OmniVision CMOS Sensors for Automotive Rearview Cameras
- ↑ OmniVision Powers Avantis "Third Eye" Colonoscope
- ↑ OmniVision in FDA-Approved Intubation System from ETView
- ↑ OmniVision Powers New Camera Phone Designs from Kyocera Wireless
- ↑ OmniVision Provides Camera Technologies to Motorola
- ↑ OmniVision Provides CameraChips for Sony Ericsson
- ↑ Wild Planet Toys Select OmniVision Camera Chips for New Spy Video Car
- ↑ Mustek Selects OmniVision CameraChips for Their Digital Still Cameras
- ↑ OmniVision CameraChips Selected for Polaroid Cameras
- ↑ OmniVision CameraChips Give Mars Spacecraft Sight
- ↑ XinTec and OmniVision reiterate strong ties despite share transfer plan
- ↑ Analyst: Image sensor market to "bounce back" in 2008
- ↑ Micron 1Q 2008 10-Q
- ↑ Micron Technology F1Q08 (Qtr End 11/29/07) Earnings Call Transcript
- ↑ Micron Acquires Avago Technologies' Image Sensor Business
- ↑ Eric R. Fossum, Ph.D. - Adjunct Professor - University of Southern California, Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering
- ↑ Micron Fiscal 2007 10-K
- ↑ 65.0 65.1 Aptina Imaging Enhances Technology and Product Portfolio
- ↑ Bloodied Micron tries extreme (re)makeover
- ↑ OptiML™ Wafer Level Camera Technology
- ↑ OmniVision Introduces 1/10" VGA Camera Chip
- ↑ Micron shares fall on S&P credit rating review
- ↑ Micron Imaging Business Lost $31M in FY2008
- ↑ Prosecutors raid Samsung Electronics in probe
- ↑ Toshiba Licenses Tessera OptiML Focus Technology
- ↑ Siliconware Wins Again In Its Patent Reexamination Fight Against Tessera
- ↑ France targets Euros 23 million digital sensor project
- ↑ Ex-ST exec proposes pan-European chip company
- ↑ Kodak - CMOS Image Sensor Product List
- ↑ Kodak Revolutionizes Image Capture with New High-Resolution CMOS Image Sensor
- ↑ Sony Image Sensors Profit Declined
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