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PNC » Topics » Estimated Cash Flows on Impaired Loans

This excerpt taken from the PNC 10-K filed Mar 2, 2009.

Estimated Cash Flows on Impaired Loans

AICPA Statement of Position 03-3, “Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer” (SOP 03-3) provides guidance for accounting for certain loans that have experienced a deterioration of credit quality at the time of acquisition for which it is probable that the investor will be unable to collect all contractually required payments. The application of this guidance requires a two-step process: the determination of which loans qualify due to credit quality deterioration and the determination of fair value and undiscounted expected cash flows for the loans that are in the scope of SOP 03-3. SOP 03-3 prohibits “carrying over” or creation of an allowance for loan losses in the initial accounting of all loans in scope.

In our assessment of credit quality deterioration, we must make numerous assumptions, interpretations and judgments, based on internal and third-party credit quality information and ultimately determine whether we believe it is probable that we will not be able to collect all amounts due, including both principal and interest, according to the contractual terms of the loans. This is a point in time assessment and inherently subjective due to the nature of the available information and judgment involved.

For those loans that qualify under SOP 03-3, the valuation process involves estimating the fair value of each loan at acquisition and determining the undiscounted expected cash flows to be realized from the loan both at acquisition and periodically throughout the life of the loan. Measurement of the fair value of the loan is based on the provisions of SFAS 157 as discussed above.

The measurement of undiscounted expected cash flows involves assumptions and judgments as to credit risk, interest rate risk, prepayment risk, default rates, loss severity, payment speeds and collateral values. All of these factors are inherently subjective and can result in significant changes in the cash flow estimates over the life of the loan. Such changes increase

future earnings volatility due to increases or decreases in the accretable yield (i.e., difference between the undiscounted expected cash flows and the fair value) recognized on the loan or the requirement to record a provision for credit losses if the decline in expected cash flows is attributable to a decline in credit quality.

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