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Palm 10-K 2005 Documents found in this filing:Table of Contents
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
Commission File No. 000-29597
Palm, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
950 West Maude
Sunnyvale, California 94085
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
Registrants telephone number, including area code:
(408) 617-7000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the
Act: NONE
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the
Act: Common Stock, $.001 par value
Preferred Share Purchase Rights, $.001 par
value
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed
all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past
90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers
pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405
of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be
contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in
definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by
reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this
Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated
filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Act). Yes þ No o
The aggregate market value of the registrants Common Stock
held by non-affiliates, based upon the closing price of the
Common Stock on November 26, 2004, as reported by the
Nasdaq National Market, was approximately $1,130,545,000. Shares
of Common Stock held by each executive officer and director and
by each person who owns 5% or more of the outstanding Common
Stock, based on filings with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, have been excluded since such persons may be deemed
affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not
necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
As of July 15, 2005, 49,706,461 shares of the
registrants Common Stock were outstanding.
The registrants proxy statement relating to the 2005
Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days
of the end of the fiscal year ended June 3, 2005, is
incorporated by reference in Part III of this
Form 10-K to the extent stated herein.
Palm, Inc.
Form 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended May 31, 2005*
Table of Contents
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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS:
We may make statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K,
such as statements regarding our plans, objectives, expectations
and intentions that are forward-looking statements within the
meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Forward-looking statements generally are identified by the words
believes, expects,
anticipates, estimates,
intends, strategy, plan,
may, will, would and similar
expressions and include, without limitation, statements
regarding our intentions, expectations and beliefs regarding
mobile computing and communications solutions and the mobile
computing and communications market, our leadership position in
the mobile computing device market, our ability to grow our
business, our corporate strategy, developing market-defining
products, capitalizing on industry trends and dynamics, the
impact of wireless technology, managing a diversified portfolio
of mobile computing products, increasing the adoption of
smartphones, the domestic and international market opportunity
available to us, market demand for our products, our ability to
differentiate our products, attract new customers and drive the
upgrade cycle by consumers, competition and our competitive
advantages, our ability to build our brand and consumers
awareness of our products, the resources that we and our
competitors devote to development, promotion and sale of
products, our expectations regarding our product lines, our
ability to broaden and expand our wireless carrier
relationships, our ability to cause application providers to
provide applications for our products, backlog for our products,
seasonality in sales of our products, the adequacy of our
properties, facilities and operating leases and our ability to
secure additional space, reversal of our deferred tax valuation
allowance, our net operating loss carryforwards, our belief that
our cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to satisfy our
anticipated cash requirements, dividends, our tax strategy,
sales of securities under our universal shelf registration
statement and the use of proceeds therefrom, the impact of stock
option expensing rules and methods and other accounting
pronouncements on our results, our operating results,
concentration of our credit risk and legal proceedings by and
against us. These statements are subject to risks and
uncertainties that could cause actual results and events to
differ materially. A detailed discussion of these and other
risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and
events to differ materially from such forward-looking statements
is included in the section entitled Business Environment
and Risk Factors on page 32 herein. We undertake no
obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect
events or circumstances occurring after the date of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K.
The stockholder communication document accompanying this Annual
Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements
within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of
1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934. These statements include, without limitation, statements
regarding our goals and objectives, our intentions regarding our
future growth and profitability, the prospects for our products,
our ability to drive adoption of our smartphone products, our
ability to meet demand for our products, the value and
perception of our brand, our ability to leverage our brand, our
ability to change peoples habits and to make a difference,
the quality of our products and our customers product
experience, our research and development investment, our
intellectual property position, our ability to differentiate our
products, our international expansion, our relationships with
third party partners, the mobility of internet access and other
computing applications, wireless email usage, the digitization
of content, the speed to access content and the effect of
various trends on the adoption of mobile computing devices
generally and our products in particular and our ability to take
advantage of such trends. These statements are subject to risks
and uncertainties that may cause actual results and events to
differ materially, including, without limitation, the following:
fluctuations in the demand for our existing and future products
and services and growth in our industries and markets; our
ability to forecast demand for our products; our ability to
adjust to changing market conditions; our ability to develop and
introduce new products and services successfully and in a cost
effective and timely manner; our reliance on third parties to
design, manufacture, distribute, warehouse and support our
products; possible defects in products and technologies
developed; our ability to timely and cost-effectively obtain
components and elements of our technology from suppliers; our
ability to compete with existing and new competitors; our
dependence on wireless carriers and ability to meet
wireless-carrier certification requirements; our reliance on a
concentrated number of significant customers; litigation; our
ability to utilize our net operating losses. A detailed
discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties that could
cause actual results and events to differ materially from such
forward-looking statements is included in
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this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation
to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or
circumstances occurring after the date of this letter.
Palm, Treo, LifeDrive, Tungsten, Zire, Blazer, VersaMail, Palm
Powered, Palm OS, HotSync and Graffiti are among the trademarks
or registered trademarks owned by or licensed to Palm, Inc. All
other brand and product names are or may be trademarks of, and
are used to identify products or services of, their respective
owners.
Part I
Business Summary
Palm, Inc. is a leading provider of mobile computing and
communication solutions. We strive to create devices that make
it easy for end users to manage their lives and to access the
power of computing wherever they are. We target consumer,
business, education and government users around the world. We
currently offer the Zire, Tungsten, LifeDrive
and Treo lines of mobile computing devices and related
add-ons and accessories through a network of wireless carriers
and retail and business distributors worldwide.
We hold the leading worldwide market share in handheld computers
and are emerging as a key provider of mobile communication and
computing, or smartphone, devices by virtue of our critically
acclaimed Treo product line.
In reviewing our historical financial information, including all
historical information presented in this Form 10-K,
investors should be aware that our historical results of
operations include results from PalmSource as discontinued
operations through October 28, 2003, the date of the
PalmSource spin-off and do not include the results of operations
of Handspring until October 29, 2003, the date of
acquisition. As such, the results are not strictly comparable
year to year. Please refer to Notes 3 and 4 to consolidated
financial statements for a more detailed description.
Corporate Background
We were incorporated in 1992 as Palm Computing, Inc. In 1995, we
were acquired by U.S. Robotics Corporation. In 1996, we
sold our first handheld computer, quickly establishing a
significant position in the handheld computing industry. In
1997, 3Com Corporation, or 3Com, acquired U.S. Robotics. In
1999, 3Com announced its intent to separate our business from
3Coms business to form an independent, publicly traded
company. In preparation for that spin-off, Palm Computing, Inc.
changed its name to Palm, Inc., or Palm, and was reincorporated
in Delaware in December 1999. In March 2000, Palm sold shares in
an initial public offering and concurrent private placements. In
July 2000, 3Com distributed its remaining shares of Palm common
stock to 3Com stockholders.
In December 2001, Palm formed PalmSource, Inc., or PalmSource, a
stand-alone subsidiary for its operating system business. On
October 28, 2003, Palm distributed all of the shares of
PalmSource common stock held by Palm to Palm stockholders. On
October 29, 2003 we acquired Handspring, Inc. and changed
our name to palmOne, Inc., or palmOne.
In connection with our spin-off of PalmSource, the Palm
Trademark Holding Company, LLC was formed to hold all trade
names, trademarks, service marks and domain names containing the
word or letter string palm. In May 2005, we acquired
PalmSources interest in the Palm Trademark Holding
Company, LLC, including the Palm trademark and brand. In July
2005, we changed our name back to Palm, Inc., or Palm.
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Corporate Strategy
We believe that the future of computing is mobile, and our
objective is to be the leader in mobile computing. To achieve
this objective, we focus on the following strategies:
Products and Services
We sell products in four product lines: Zire, Tungsten,
LifeDrive and Treo. The Zire line is primarily designed for
consumers, including entry-level and digital media enthusiasts.
The Treo and Tungsten lines are
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primarily designed for business professionals and enterprise
users. The LifeDrive line targets both types of end users, with
a product that fuses business productivity tools and
entertainment applications. These product families span the
mobile computing device market.
Our products are differentiated in terms of price, functionality
and software applications that are delivered with the device.
All of our current products run on the Palm operating system, or
OS, and standard software in all of our products includes an
address book, date book, clock, to do list, memo pad, note pad
and calculator. Other features that can be found in some of our
products include:
The Zires mix of price, functionality and performance has
expanded our available market to new users, as indicated by our
user registration data. We believe that by making an entry-level
product line such as the Zire available, we are driving the
adoption of mobile computing devices by consumers who would not
otherwise own such a device. This increases revenue and the
potential for future upgrade purchases as end users become
accustomed to mobile computing technology and demand additional
functionality. There are two products in the current Zire family.
The Zire 31 was introduced in April 2004. It is aimed at
attracting the first-time buyer who wants a full-featured,
low-cost mobile computing device. The Zire 31 is the lowest cost
color handheld on the market and features 16 megabytes of
memory, MP3 playback with a stereo headphone jack, a five-way
navigator to allow access to information with just one hand, PIM
applications and an expansion slot that supports SD/ MMC and
secure digital input/output, or SDIO, expansion cards.
The Zire 72 was also introduced in April 2004. It is a successor
to the Zire 71 and is aimed at young professionals who want
media, productivity applications and all-around versatility. The
Zire 72 features a 1.2 megapixel integrated camera, video
capture with audio, MP3 playback with RealOne Mobile Player
loaded into read-only memory, or ROM, the ability to listen to
stereo quality MP3 and watch video clips using the Kinoma
player, Microsoft Office compatibility, 32 megabytes of
memory, a five-way navigator, PIM applications, an SD/ MMC slot
and a 320x320 transflective thin film transistor, or TFT, color
display.
Tungsten handhelds craft advanced technologies into pocketable
solutions that provide efficient mobile computing experiences
for mobile professionals and serious business users. There are
two products in the current Tungsten family.
The Tungsten E2 was introduced in April 2005 and is a successor
to the original Tungsten E. It is aimed at cost-conscious
professionals who require robust power and performance. The
Tungsten E2 provides non-volatile, flash memory that protects
stored data even if the charge and power run out. With the
Tungsten E2, users can create, edit and view Microsoft Word,
Excel and other Windows-compatible files as well as listen to
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MP3s and watch video clips. The Tungsten E2 features a five-way
navigator, PIM applications, an SD/MMC slot, a 320x320
transflective TFT color display with touchscreen and
32 megabytes of memory. The Tungsten E2 has integrated
wireless capability using Bluetooth technology, which is a
short-range radio technology facilitating data transfer between
compatible Bluetooth devices such as mobile phones, laptops,
printers, access points and other handhelds. Using a compatible
Bluetooth-enabled mobile phone as a modem, a user can access the
Internet or email wirelessly.
The Tungsten T5 was introduced in October 2004 and is a
successor to the Tungsten T3. It is aimed at professionals who
require versatile mobile computing and storage capacity as well
as premium power and performance. The Tungsten T5 provides
non-volatile, flash memory and can be used as a flash drive with
properly equipped computers. It includes a slider design that
conceals the Graffiti II writing area, a five-way
navigator, an SD/MMC slot, a 320x480 transflective TFT color
display which rotates from portrait to landscape with the touch
of a button and 256 megabytes of memory. This handheld
offers a voice recorder for important memos, PIM applications,
and the capacity to create, edit and view Microsoft Word, Excel
and other Windows-compatible files as well as the capacity to
listen to MP3s, view photos and watch video clips with
high-quality sound and video clarity. The Tungsten T5 has
integrated wireless capability using Bluetooth technology.
LifeDrive represents a new category in mobile computing: mobile
managers. This category expands the capabilities and
functionality of classic handheld computing devices and, by
providing hard drive memory and increased storage capacity,
permits end users to more fully take advantage of the trend
towards digitization of content.
The LifeDrive was introduced in May 2005. The LifeDrive has a 4
gigabyte hard drive with LifeDrive smart file management. It
includes a five-way navigator, an SD/MMC slot and a 320x480
transflective TFT color display which rotates from portrait to
landscape with the touch of a button. This mobile manager offers
wireless email access with attachments, built-in Microsoft
Exchange ActiveSync, a web browser, PIM applications, and the
capacity to store, create, edit and view Microsoft Word, Excel,
PowerPoint and other Windows-compatible files and view Adobe PDF
files as well as the capacity to store and listen to MP3s and
store and view photos, videos and movies. The LifeDrive has
integrated wireless capability using Bluetooth and WiFi.
Treo smartphones seamlessly combine a full-featured mobile phone
and wireless data applications, such as email, messaging and web
browsing, in a small, compact, yet easy-to-use device that
simplifies both business and personal life by integrating
applications typically included in separate devices into one
device. Our target customer for the Treo is an individual who
would otherwise carry multiple devices such as a cell phone, a
laptop or handheld computer. Our smartphones are customized for
carrier networks in markets around the world, like Cingular,
Sprint Corporation and Verizon Wireless in the United States and
Bell Mobility, Orange, Rogers, Telecom New Zealand, Telcel, and
Telecom Italia Mobile, or TIM, internationally.
The Treo 600 was first shipped in September 2003 and is an
integrated device with a smaller, more phone-like form factor
than previous generations of smartphones. The Treo 600 is
available in a dual-band CDMA version and a quad-band GSM
version. The Treo 600 has the following features: a QWERTY and
numeric keyboard, PIM applications, 32 megabytes of memory,
a 160x160 color super-twist nematic, or CSTN, backlit color
display, a five way navigator for ease of use with one hand, a
built-in video graphics array resolution camera, an SD/MMC
expansion slot, as well as our Blazer® web browser,
messaging and email software.
The Treo 650 was introduced in November 2004. Like the Treo 600,
the Treo 650 is available in a dual-band CDMA version and a
quad-band GSM version, with the enhancement of Enhanced Data GSM
Environment, or EDGE. The Treo 650 has all of the features of
the Treo 600, but has a 320x320 TFT backlit color display, a
non-volatile file system (including a removable battery) and
Bluetooth.
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We offer add-ons and accessories to enhance the end users
handheld computer and smartphone experience, including portable
keyboards, SD/MMC expansion cards for storage and content,
modems and carrying cases. In addition, we provide the ability
to purchase and download software applications through a link on
our Palm.com website.
Customers
We sell our products to distributors, retailers, e-tailers,
resellers and wireless carriers and directly to end users. In
fiscal years 2005, 2004 and 2003, our largest customers
represented the following percentages of consolidated revenues,
respectively:
Cingular/AT&T, Sprint Corporation and Verizon Wireless are
wireless carriers, and Ingram Micro is a distributor of our
products.
Competition
Competition in the mobile computing and communication device
market is intense and characterized by rapid change and complex
technology. The principal competitive factors affecting the
market for our mobile computing devices are functionality,
features, operating system, styling, brand, price, availability
of third-party software applications, customer and developer
support and access to sales and distribution channels. Our
devices compete with a variety of mobile devices, including pen-
and keyboard-based devices, mobile phones, converged voice/data
devices, sub-notebooks and personal computers. Our principal
competitors include:
Some of these competitors, such as HTC, produce smartphones as
carrier-branded devices. As technology advances, we also expect
to compete with mobile phones without branded operating systems
that synchronize with personal computers, as well as ultramobile
personal computers and laptop computers with wide area network
or data cards and voice over IP, or VoIP, as well as WiFi phones
with VoIP.
In addition, our devices compete for a share of disposable
income and enterprise spending on consumer electronic,
telecommunications and computing products such as MP3 players,
Apples iPod, media/photo views, digital cameras, personal
media players, handheld gaming devices, GPS devices and other
such devices.
Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial,
technical and marketing resources than we do. They also may
devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale
of their products than we do.
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We believe, however, that we compete favorably with respect to
some or all of the competitive factors affecting the mobile
computing device market, which is reflected by our greater
installed base of handheld computing users, leading handheld
computing market share and strong brand recognition across all
of our product lines.
Sales and Marketing
We sell our products to distributors, retailers, e-tailers,
resellers, and wireless carriers through our sales force, and
directly to end users through our web site at www.palm.com
and our Palm retail stores in the United States.
For our handheld computing products in the United States,
retailers represent our largest sales channel and include
national and regional office supply stores, computer
superstores, consumer electronics retailers and mass merchants.
Distributors represent our second largest United States sales
channel and generally sell to both traditional and Internet
retailers and resellers, including enterprise and education
resellers. Internationally we sell our products primarily
through distributors. We have over 100 international
distributors covering Europe, Latin America, Canada, Asia
Pacific, the Middle East and South Africa. These distributors
sell primarily to retailers and resellers.
For our smartphone products, wireless carriers collectively
represent our largest sales channel, particularly in the United
States. We also sell smartphones through distribution partners,
particularly in Asia Pacific, Canada, Europe and Latin America
where the distributors may customize our products for each
country or region. In each of our product and geographic
markets, there is significant concentration in the channel
providers that reach a majority of our end users. These major
carriers and retailers have a strong influence over the
visibility and promotion of our products as well as co-marketing
dollars. In the case of smartphones, our end users rely on
carriers for access and the quality, price and services that
those carriers offer and often choose their phones based on what
their chosen carrier offers. We have worked to develop strong
relationships with a variety of wireless carriers around the
world. Some of our carrier relationships include Cingular,
Earthlink, Sprint, T-Mobile and Verizon in the United States,
Bell Mobility and Rogers in Canada, Orange, movistar ES and TIM
in Europe, Telcel and Vivo in Latin America and New Zealand
Telecom, Singtel Group and Telus in the Asia Pacific region. We
work with carriers in different ways, depending on each
carriers unique situation and requirements. Some of these
relationships include co-development, product customization for
the carriers network, systems integration or joint
marketing and sales. Other carriers typically purchase
non-customized Treos either from us directly or from a Palm
distributor. In addition, most of the carriers with whom we work
offer end-user rebates on their sales of our smartphones that
benefit the sale and marketing of our products.
We use our Palm.com webstore as a direct sales channel to sell
our products and third-party products, focusing particularly on
our existing customer base. We accomplish this through
e-marketing campaigns and product bundles. When we sell a Treo
smartphone through our website, we may have the opportunity to
earn bounties from carriers if the Treo smartphone customer also
purchases a voice or data plan. We also offer a wide array of
software titles on the Software Connection website which can be
accessed from the Palm.com webstore.
We build awareness of our products and brands through mass-media
advertising, targeted advertising, public relations efforts,
in-store promotions and merchandising, retail advertising and
our branded Internet properties. We engage in direct marketing
through mailings, email and promotions to users in our customer
database. Our Palm retail stores are generally located in major
airports and shopping malls in the United States to target
mobility-conscious end users. We also receive feedback from our
end users and our channel customers through market research. We
use this feedback to refine our product development efforts and
to develop strategies for marketing our products.
Customer Service and Support
For our smartphone products, our carrier partners generally
handle first line support. For our handheld computing and mobile
manager products and for first line support for some carriers
and for all escalation
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support, we provide customer support through outsourced service
providers as well as our internal customer service personnel.
Individual customers have access to an Internet-based repository
for technical information and troubleshooting techniques. They
also can obtain support through other means such as the Palm
website, web forums, email and telephone support.
We warrant that our products will be free of defect for 90 to
365 days after the date of purchase, depending on the
product. In Europe we are required by law in some countries to
provide a two-year warranty for certain defects. We contract
with third parties to handle warranty repair.
Research and Development
Our products are initially conceived, designed, developed and
implemented through the collaboration of our internal
engineering, marketing and supply chain organizations. We focus
our product design efforts on both improving our existing
products and developing new products. We intend to continue to
employ a customer-focused design approach to provide innovative
products that respond to and anticipate customer needs for
functionality, mobility, simplicity, style and ease of use.
We either create internally or license from third parties
technologies required to support product development. Our
internal staff includes engineers of many disciplines, including
software engineers, electrical engineers, mechanical engineers,
radio specialists, quality engineers, manufacturing process
engineers and user interface design specialists. Once a product
concept is initiated and approved, we create a
multi-disciplinary team to complete the design of the product
and transition it into manufacturing. We often utilize Original
Design and Manufacturers, or ODMs, to design, develop and
manufacture our products, after we have internally completed
product definition. All of our hardware is developed and
manufactured by a limited number of ODMs, including HTC for our
smartphones and Inventec Appliance Corp. for handheld computing
devices, including our mobile manager.
Although hardware is the most visible aspect of our products, we
provide most of the value to our products through software
development and integration of the software with the hardware.
This software development is aimed at enhancing and extending
the platform software and integrating and innovating on
application software functionality.
All of our devices must receive approval from relevant
governmental agencies, such as the Federal Communications
Commission, or FCC, in the U.S. Our Treo smartphones also
typically are required to pass individual carrier certification
requirements before they may be operated on a carriers
network. In addition, our GSM communicators must receive
certification from the Global Certification Forum, or GCF, and
our CDMA communicators must receive certification from the CDMA
Development Group, or CDG. We have established an internal
certification team and carrier certification processes,
including early testing, to facilitate our ability to meet these
certification and standards requirements.
Our research and development expenditures totaled
$89.8 million, $69.4 million and $70.2 million in
fiscal years 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Manufacturing and Supply Chain
We outsource the manufacturing of our products to third-party
manufacturers. This outsourcing extends from prototyping to
volume manufacturing and includes activities such as material
procurement, final assembly, test, quality control and shipment
to distribution centers. Today the majority of our products are
currently assembled in China and Taiwan by a limited number of
ODMs. We have also entered into an agreement with a third party
manufacturer to manufacture our products in Brazil for
distribution in Brazil. Distribution centers are operated on an
outsourced basis in North Carolina, Ireland and Hong Kong.
The components that make up our products are purchased from
various vendors, including key suppliers such as Intel and Texas
Instruments, which supply microprocessors, Sony and Sharp, which
supply displays, and Hitachi and Seagate, which supply hard
drives. Some of our components, including radio modules, power
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supply integrated circuits, cameras and certain discrete
components, are currently supplied by sole source suppliers.
Backlog
Orders for our handheld computing and mobile manager products
are generally placed on an as-needed basis, and products are
shipped as soon as possible after receipt of an order, usually
within one to four weeks. Handheld computing product orders may
be cancelled or rescheduled by the customer without penalty.
Consequently, we rarely carry backlog on our handheld product
unless we are in a new product launch period and have
constrained supply.
Carriers purchase our smartphone products through negotiated
contracts, each of which is unique. Generally, the terms of sale
include purchase commitments up front if a carrier requires
smartphones that are customized to its network. While the terms
and conditions of sale with each carrier vary, cancellations are
generally limited and may carry penalties.
The backlog of firm orders on our smartphone products was
$213.8 million as of May 31, 2005, compared to
$86.0 million as of May 31, 2004. There is not a
comparable amount of firm order backlog at the end of fiscal
year 2003 because the Treo smartphone product line was acquired
in October 2003 at the time of the Handspring acquisition.
Seasonality
Our Zire and Tungsten handheld computing lines are affected by
seasonality. Thus, associated revenues are generally
sequentially higher in the second quarter of our fiscal year, as
distributors and retailers purchase product in anticipation of
the December holiday selling season. We also experience smaller
positive effects on revenue in the first and fourth quarters of
our fiscal year, as distributors and retailers purchase product
in anticipation of the back-to-school and the Fathers Day
and graduation selling seasons, respectively. The timing of our
new product launches also contributes to fluctuations in our
revenue. We typically introduce new products in the fall and in
the spring, which historically has contributed to higher revenue
in the second and fourth fiscal quarters, respectively.
To date, we have not seen meaningful seasonal variations in
customer demand for Treo smartphones. This contrasts with our
experience of selling handheld computers. We attribute this lack
of seasonality for our smartphones to three factors. First, the
smartphone category has been growing rapidly which may mask any
potential seasonality. Second, smartphone sales volumes are
influenced by carrier adoption and the release and timing of
specific carrier versions which could occur at any time during
the fiscal year. Third, our smartphones are sold at higher
prices than handheld computers and holiday seasonality typically
affects demand for lower priced products.
Intellectual Property
We rely on a combination of know-how, patents, trademarks,
copyright as well as trade secret laws, confidentiality
procedures and contractual restrictions to protect our
intellectual property rights.
We file domestic and foreign patent applications to support our
technology position and new product development, and we have
approximately 150 patents issued to us. Issued patents expire
20 years from the filing date of the corresponding
application subject to adjustment by the U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office. We are working to increase and protect our
rights in our patent portfolio, which is important to our value
and reputation. While our patents are important to our business,
our business is not materially dependent on any one patent.
Patents relating to the handheld computing and communications
industry are being issued and new patent applications are being
filed, with increasing regularity. This has resulted in an
increasingly high density of patents and related rights that may
affect our products. In addition, new and existing companies are
increasingly engaging in the business of acquiring or developing
patents to assert offensively against companies such as ours.
This increases the likelihood that we will be subject to
allegations and claims of infringement. We have been named in
several infringement lawsuits, described in greater detail in
Item 3, Legal
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Proceedings. In addition, as is common in our industry, we
obtain indemnification from and agree to indemnify certain of
our suppliers and customers for alleged patent infringement.
We own, directly or indirectly, a number of trademarks,
including the PALM, ZIRE, TUNGSTEN, LIFEDRIVE and TREO marks,
and we have applications for registration of these marks pending
in the United States and foreign jurisdictions. In connection
with our acquisition of PalmSources interest in the Palm
Trademark Holding Company, LLC, we provided a four-year
transitional license to PalmSource for certain marks containing
the word or letter string palm, including PalmSource
and PALM OS. We are working to increase and protect our rights
in our trademark portfolio, which is important to our value,
reputation and branding.
We also license technologies from third parties for integration
into our products. We believe that the licensing of
complementary technologies from parties with specific expertise
is an effective means of expanding the features and
functionality of our products, allowing us to focus on our core
competencies. Our most significant license is the Palm OS from
PalmSource. We also license conduit software from Chapura, Inc.
that allows for synchronization with Microsoft Outlook,
encryption technology from Certicom for our Blazer browser,
Documents to Go software from DataViz and a variety of other
application software technologies. Our Palm OS license requires
the payment of royalties and maintenance and support fees to
PalmSource. The license agreement extends through November 2009,
includes minimum annual payments and is non-exclusive.
Consistent with our efforts to maintain the confidentiality and
ownership of our trade secrets and other confidential
information and to build our intellectual property rights, we
require all of our employees and consultants and certain
customers, manufacturers, suppliers and other persons with whom
we do business or may potentially do business to execute
confidentiality and, where appropriate, invention assignment
agreements upon commencement of a relationship with us and
typically extending for a period of time beyond termination of
the relationship.
Employees
As of May 31, 2005, we had a total of 907 employees, of
whom 100 were in supply chain, 344 were in engineering, 298 were
in sales and marketing and 165 were in general and
administrative activities. None of our employees is subject to a
collective bargaining agreement. We consider our relationship
with our employees to be good.
Fiscal Year End
Our fiscal year ends on the Friday nearest May 31. For
presentation purposes, the periods have been presented as ending
on May 31.
Financial Information about Segments
Prior to the spin-off of PalmSource and the acquisition of
Handspring, our business comprised two reporting segments: the
Solutions Group business and the PalmSource business. As a
result of the PalmSource spin-off, the PalmSource reporting
segment was eliminated as of the quarter ended November 30,
2003. The continuing business of Palm operates in one reportable
segment which develops, designs and markets mobile computing
devices and related accessories, services and software (in
thousands):
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Financial Information about Geographic Areas
Our headquarters and most of our operations are located in the
United States. We conduct our sales, marketing and customer
service activities throughout the world. Geographic revenue
information is based on the location of the customer. For fiscal
years 2005, 2004 and 2003, no single country outside the United
States accounted for 10% or more of total revenues (in
thousands):
Land not in use, property and equipment, net totaled (in
thousands):
Available Information
We make available free of charge through our website,
www.palm.com, our annual reports on Form 10-K,
quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on
Form 8-K, proxy statements and all amendments to those
reports as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is
electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, or SEC. These reports may also be obtained without
charge by contacting Investor Relations, Palm, Inc., 950 West
Maude Avenue, Sunnyvale, California 94085, phone:
1-408-617-7000, email: investor.relations@palm.com. Our
Internet website and the information contained therein or
incorporated therein are not intended to be incorporated into
this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition, the public
may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the
SECs Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, NW,
Washington, DC 20549 or may obtain information by calling the
SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Moreover, the SEC maintains an Internet
site that contains reports, proxy and information statements,
and other information regarding reports that we file
electronically with them at http://www.sec.gov.
In July 2005, we moved into and utilize 287,644 square feet
of leased space in Sunnyvale, California in two buildings which
serve as our corporate headquarters. We also lease research and
development and sales and support offices domestically and
internationally. We believe that existing facilities are
suitable and adequate for our current needs and we are
attempting to sublease excess space in certain locations. If we
require additional space, we believe that we will be able to
secure such space on commercially reasonable terms without undue
operational disruption.
We also own approximately 39 acres of land not in use,
located in San Jose, California, that was originally
acquired with the intent of building our corporate headquarters.
In May 2001, with the downturn in the market, and our declining
revenues, construction plans were terminated. We have no current
plans to develop
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this land. Given the depressed state of commercial real estate
in the San Jose area, we are not actively marketing the
land at the present time.
The information set forth in Note 17 of the consolidated
financial statements of Part II, Item 8 of this
Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference.
None.
Part II
Our common stock has traded on the Nasdaq stock market since our
initial public offering on March 2, 2000. Our stock symbol
is PALM. The following table sets forth the high and low closing
sales prices as reported on the Nasdaq stock market for the
periods indicated, as adjusted for the PalmSource spin-off
effective October 28, 2003.
As of July 15, 2005, we had approximately 6,345 registered
stockholders of record. Other than the $150 million cash
dividend paid to 3Com in March 2000 from the proceeds of our
initial public offering, we have not paid and do not anticipate
paying cash dividends in the future.
The following table summarizes employee stock repurchase
activity for the three months ended May 31, 2005:
The total number of shares repurchased includes those shares of
Palm common stock that employees deliver back to the Company to
satisfy tax-withholding obligations at the settlement of
restricted stock exercises and the forfeiture of restricted
shares upon the termination of an employee. As of May 31,
2005 approximately 97,000 shares may still be repurchased.
We do not have a publicly announced plan to repurchase any of
our shares of registered equity securities.
The following selected consolidated financial data for each of
the five years in the period ended May 31, 2005 have been
derived from our audited financial statements and reflect the
classification of the operations of Palms operating
platform and licensing business as discontinued operations, as
required under accounting
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principles generally accepted in the United States, as a result
of the distribution of shares of PalmSource to our stockholders.
While these reclassifications result in changes to certain
previously reported amounts, the total and per share amounts of
net loss have not changed from the amounts previously reported
in our annual report on Form 10-K filed on August 5,
2004. The information set forth below is not necessarily
indicative of results of future operations and should be read in
conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operation and the
consolidated financial statements and notes to those statements
included in Items 7 and 8 of Part II of this
Form 10-K. Our fiscal year ends on the Friday nearest to
May 31. For presentation purposes, the periods have been
presented as ending on May 31.
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The following discussion of our financial condition and results
of operations should be read together with our consolidated
financial statements and notes to those statements included in
Item 8 of Part II of this Form 10-K. The amounts
reflect the classification of the operations of Palms
operating platform and licensing business as discontinued
operations, as required under accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States, as a result of the distribution
of shares of PalmSource to our stockholders. While these
reclassifications result in changes to certain previously
reported amounts, the total and per share amounts of net loss
have not changed from the amounts previously reported in our
annual report on Form 10-K filed on August 5, 2004.
Our 52-53 week fiscal year ends on the Friday nearest to
May 31. Fiscal year 2005 contained 53 weeks, while
fiscal years 2004 and 2003 contained 52 weeks. For
presentation purposes, the fiscal years have been presented as
ending on May 31. Unless otherwise stated, all years and
dates refer to our fiscal years and fiscal periods.
Overview and Executive Summary
Palm, Inc. is a global provider of mobile computing solutions.
Our objective is to be the leader in mobile computing. In order
to accomplish our objective, we have defined the following
strategy: develop market-defining products that deliver a great
user experience, capitalize on industry trends, manage a
diversified portfolio of mobile computing products and build our
brand. During fiscal year 2005, we introduced new innovative
products, increased our reported product sell-through, launched
our smartphone on numerous carrier networks, acquired
unencumbered rights to the Palm brand and returned to
profitability.
Management periodically reviews certain key business metrics in
order to evaluate our strategy and operational efficiency,
allocate resources and maximize the financial performance of our
business. These key business metrics include the following:
RevenueManagement reviews many elements to understand our
revenue stream. These include supply availability, unit
shipments, average selling prices and channel inventory levels.
Revenue growth is impacted by increased unit shipments and
variations in average selling prices. Unit shipments are
determined by supply availability, end-user and channel demand,
and channel inventory. We monitor average selling prices
throughout the product life cycle, taking into account market
demand and competition. To avoid empty shelves at retail store
locations and to minimize product returns and obsolescence, we
strive to maintain channel inventory levels within a desired
range.
MarginsWe review gross margin in conjunction with revenues
to maximize operating performance. We strive to improve our
gross margin through disciplined cost and product life-cycle
management, supply/demand management and control of our warranty
and technical support costs. To achieve desired
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operating margins, we also monitor our operating expenses
closely to keep them in line with our projected revenue.
Cash flowsWe strive to convert operating results to cash.
To that effect, we carefully manage our working capital
requirements through balancing accounts receivable and inventory
with accounts payable. We monitor our cash balances to maintain
cash available to support our operating and capital expenditure
requirements.
We believe the mobile computing solutions market dynamics are
generally favorable to us.
We expect to experience revenue and operating income growth as a
result of our smartphone product line. The smartphone market is
in its infancy and people are just beginning to understand the
personal and professional benefits of being able to access email
or browse the web on a smartphone. We expect this market to
expand and we expect to capitalize on this expansion.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States of America requires management to make
judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts
reported in Palms consolidated financial statements and
accompanying notes. We base our estimates and judgments on
historical experience and on various other assumptions that we
believe are reasonable under the circumstances. However, future
events are subject to change and the best estimates and
judgments routinely require adjustment. The amounts of assets
and liabilities reported in our balance sheets and the amounts
of revenues and expenses reported for each of our fiscal periods
are affected by estimates and assumptions which are used for,
but not limited to, the accounting for rebates, price
protection, product returns, allowance for doubtful accounts,
warranty and technical service costs, royalty obligations,
goodwill and intangible asset impairments, restructurings,
inventory and income taxes. Actual results could differ from
these estimates. The following critical accounting policies are
significantly affected by judgments, assumptions and estimates
used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue is recognized when earned in accordance with applicable
accounting standards and guidance, including Staff Accounting
Bulletin, or SAB, No. 104, Revenue Recognition, as
amended, and AICPA Statement of Position, or SOP, No. 97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition, as amended. We recognize
revenues from sales of mobile computing devices under the terms
of the customer agreement upon transfer of title to the
customer, net of estimated returns, provided that the sales
price is fixed and determinable, collection of the resulting
receivable is probable and no significant obligations remain.
For one of our web sales distributors, we recognize revenue
based on a sell-through method utilizing information provided by
the distributor. Sales to resellers are subject to agreements
allowing for limited rights of return, rebates and price
protection. Accordingly, we reduce revenues for our estimates of
liabilities related to these rights at the time the related sale
is recorded. The estimates for returns are adjusted periodically
based upon historical rates of returns, channel inventory levels
and other related factors. The estimates and reserves for
rebates and price protection are based on specific programs,
expected usage and historical experience. Actual results could
differ from these estimates.
Revenue from software arrangements with end users of our devices
is recognized upon delivery of the software, provided that
collection is determined to be probable and no significant
obligations remain. Deferred revenue is recorded for post
contract support and any other future deliverables, and is
recognized over the
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support period or as the elements of the agreement are
delivered. Vendor specific objective evidence of the fair value
of the elements contained in software arrangements is based on
the price determined by management having the relevant authority
when the element is not yet sold separately, but is expected to
be sold in the marketplace within six months of the initial
determination of the price by management.
The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our assessment
of the collectibility of specific customer accounts and an
assessment of international, political and economic risk as well
as the aging of the accounts receivable. If there is a change in
a major customers credit worthiness or actual defaults
differ from our historical experience, our estimates of
recoverability of amounts due us could be affected.
We accrue for warranty costs based on historical rates of repair
as a percentage of shipment levels and the expected repair cost
per unit, service policies and any known issues. If we
experience claims or significant changes in costs of services,
such as third party vendor charges, materials or freight, which
could be higher or lower than our historical experience, our
cost of revenues could be affected.
We accrue for royalty obligations for our mobile communications
and handheld devices based on either unit shipments or a
percentage of applicable revenue for the net sales of products
using certain software technologies. We recognize royalty
obligations as determinable in accordance with license agreement
terms. Where agreements are not finalized, accrued royalty
obligations represent managements best estimates using
appropriate assumptions and projections at the time based on
negotiations with the third parties. We have accrued royalty
obligations of $32.0 million as of May 31, 2005 which
are reported in other accrued liabilities and includes
$29.7 million of estimated royalties. The status of each
negotiation differs, and the amounts accrued as the expected
royalty obligations are not necessarily the same as the amounts
requested by the licensors as of that date. When agreements are
finalized, the estimates will be revised accordingly. While the
amounts ultimately agreed upon may be more or less than the
current accrual, management does not believe that finalization
of the agreements would have had a material impact on the
amounts reported for its financial position as of May 31,
2005 or for the reported results for the year then ended;
however, the effect of finalization in the future may be
significant in the interim period in which it is recorded.
Long-lived assets such as land not in use, property and
equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes
in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such
assets may not ultimately be recoverable. Determination of
recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted future
cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its ultimate
disposition.
We evaluate the recoverability of goodwill annually or more
frequently if impairment indicators arise, as required under
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS,
No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.
Goodwill is reviewed for impairment by applying a
fair-value-based test at the reporting unit level within our
single reporting segment. A goodwill impairment loss is recorded
for any goodwill that is determined to be impaired. Under
SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Disposal of
Long-Lived Assets, intangible assets are evaluated whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying
value of the asset may be impaired. An impairment loss is
recognized for an intangible asset to the extent that the
assets carrying value exceeds its fair value, which is
determined based upon the estimated undiscounted future cash
flows expected to result from the use of the asset, including
disposition. Cash flow estimates used in evaluating for
impairment represent managements best estimates using
appropriate assumptions and projections at the time.
Effective for calendar year 2003, in accordance with
SFAS No. 146, Accounting for Costs Associated with
Exit or Disposal Activities, which supersedes Emerging
Issues Task Force, or EITF, Issue No. 94-3, Liability
Recognition for Costs to Exit an Activity (Including Certain
Costs Incurred in a Restructuring), we record liabilities
for costs associated with exit or disposal activities when the
liability is incurred instead of at the date of commitment to an
exit or disposal activity. Prior to calendar year 2003, in
accordance with EITF Issue No. 94-3, we accrued for
restructuring costs when we made a commitment to a firm exit
plan that specifically identified all significant actions to be
taken. We record initial restructuring charges based on
assumptions and related estimates that we deem appropriate for
the economic environment at the time these estimates are made.
We reassess restructuring accruals on a quarterly basis to
reflect changes in the costs of the restructuring activities,
and we record new restructuring accruals as liabilities are
incurred.
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Inventory purchases and purchase commitments are based upon
forecasts of future demand. We value our inventory at the lower
of standard cost (which approximates first-in, first-out cost)
or market. If we believe that demand no longer allows us to sell
our inventory above cost or at all, then we write down that
inventory to market or write-off excess inventory levels. If
customer demand subsequently differs from our forecasts,
requirements for inventory write-offs could differ from our
estimates.
Our deferred tax assets represent net operating loss
carryforwards and temporary differences that will result in
deductible amounts in future years if we have taxable income. A
valuation allowance reduces deferred tax assets to estimated
realizable value, based on estimates and certain tax planning
strategies. The carrying value of our net deferred tax assets
assumes that it is more likely than not that we will be able to
generate sufficient future taxable income in certain tax
jurisdictions to realize the net carrying value. The valuation
allowance is reviewed quarterly and will be maintained until
sufficient positive evidence exists to support the reversal of
the valuation allowance based upon current and preceding
years results of operations and anticipated profit levels
in future years. If these estimates and related assumptions
change in the future, we may be required to adjust our valuation
allowance against the deferred tax assets resulting in
additional provision/(benefit) to income tax expense. The
Company believes that if it continues to experience profitable
results of operations, it may have enough evidence to reverse
some or all if its valuation allowance during fiscal
year 2006.
Our key critical accounting policies are reviewed with the Audit
Committee of the Board of Directors.
Results of Operations
Comparison of Fiscal Years Ended May 31, 2005 and
2004
We derive our revenues from sales of our mobile computing
devices, add-ons and accessories as well as related services.
Revenues for fiscal year 2005 increased approximately 34% from
fiscal year 2004 which included the results of operations of the
former Handspring business only from the date of acquisition
(October 29, 2003). During fiscal year 2005, net device
units shipped were 4.522 million units at an average
selling price of $265. During fiscal year 2004, net device units
shipped were 4.107 million units at an average selling
price of $209. The average selling price was up approximately
27% in fiscal year 2005 and unit shipments were up approximately
10%. Of this 34% increase in revenues, the increase in average
selling prices contributed approximately 27 percentage
points and the increase in unit shipments contributed
approximately 9 percentage points which were partially
offset by a decrease in our wireless Internet access services of
approximately 2 percentage points. The increase in average
selling price reflects smartphone shipments for the full fiscal
year 2005 and a shift in our product mix towards higher priced
devices as well as a more favorable pricing environment for
handheld computing devices during fiscal year 2005. The increase
in unit shipments during fiscal year 2005 was primarily the
result of increased smartphone shipments during fiscal year 2005
offset by a decrease in traditional handheld unit sales. We
closed our wireless Internet access services in September 2004
in part due to broader availability of competing data network
service plans from large wireless carriers and related revenues
during fiscal year 2005 decreased by approximately
$17.2 million from fiscal year 2004.
Of the 34% increase in worldwide revenues for fiscal year 2005
over fiscal year 2004, approximately 29 percentage points
resulted from an increase in United States revenues and
approximately 5 percentage points resulted from an increase
in international revenues. International revenues were
approximately 33% of worldwide revenues for fiscal year 2005
compared with approximately 40% for fiscal year 2004. The
greater increase in United States revenues in comparison to
international revenues is primarily due to broader carrier
channel coverage in the United States than internationally and
the timing of product introductions with
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carriers. Average selling prices for our devices increased in
the United States by 34% and increased in international markets
by approximately 16% from fiscal year 2004 to fiscal year 2005.
The increase in United States and international average selling
prices is primarily the result of the inclusion of smartphone
shipments during the full fiscal year 2005 relative to fiscal
year 2004 which included results of smartphone sales from the
October 29, 2003 Handspring acquisition onwards. Net
shipments of devices increased approximately 18% in the United
States and decreased approximately 1% internationally. The
increase in the United States was primarily due to the inclusion
of smartphone unit sales during fiscal year 2005 offset by a
decrease in traditional handheld unit sales.
Total cost of revenues is comprised of Cost of
revenues and the Applicable portion of amortization
of intangible assets and deferred stock-based compensation
as shown in the table above. Cost of revenues
principally consists of material and transformation costs to
manufacture our products, OS and other royalty expenses,
warranty and technical support costs, freight, scrap and rework
costs, the cost of excess or obsolete inventory, and
manufacturing overhead which includes manufacturing personnel
related costs, depreciation, and allocated information
technology, facilities and other central costs. Cost of
revenues as a percentage of revenues decreased by 2.1% to
69.2% for fiscal year 2005 from 71.3% for fiscal year 2004. The
decrease is primarily the result of reduced technical service
expenses resulting from a change in our support model and more
favorable pricing contributing approximately 0.9 percentage
points, reduced depreciation on tooling which became fully
depreciated resulting in approximately 0.7 percentage
points and reduced excess and obsolete charges due to improved
product transition management contributing approximately
0.3 percentage points. In addition, product costs as a
percentage of revenues decreased approximately
0.6 percentage points and OS royalties decreased in
accordance with our software license agreement with PalmSource,
which contributed approximately 0.4 percentage points.
Partially offsetting these decreases were higher warranty costs
as a percentage of revenues during fiscal year 2005 compared to
fiscal year 2004 due to the increased mix of smartphones,
contributing approximately 1.1 percentage points.
The Applicable portion of amortization of intangible
assets and deferred stock-based compensation to cost of
revenues increased in absolute dollars during fiscal year 2005
primarily due to an increase in restricted stock awards made
during the current fiscal year.
Sales and marketing expenses consist principally of advertising
and marketing programs, salaries and benefits for sales and
marketing personnel, sales commissions, travel expenses and
allocated information technology, facilities and other central
costs. Sales and marketing expenses in fiscal year 2005
increased approximately 12% from fiscal year 2004. The decrease
in sales and marketing expense as a percentage of revenues is
primarily due to the increase in our revenues during fiscal year
2005 as compared to fiscal year 2004. The increase in sales and
marketing expenses in absolute dollars is primarily due to
increased advertising
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costs of approximately $11.5 million, increased personnel
and related expenses of approximately $4.5 million,
increased trade show and other marketing expenses of
approximately $2.3 million and increased spending in direct
marketing, collateral and sales literature of approximately
$0.7 million. Advertising, tradeshow and other marketing
expenses and direct marketing, collateral and sales literature
increased primarily due to additional spending for our
smartphone products in the current year as compared to the year
ago period. The increase in personnel and related expenses was
primarily due to a 9% increase in sales and marketing personnel
during the year. In addition, marketing development expenses
with our retail customers increased approximately
$1.6 million. These increases were partially offset by
decreased technical sales support costs of approximately
$1.8 million.
Research and development expenses consist principally of
employee related costs, third party development costs, program
materials, depreciation and allocated information technology,
facilities and other central costs. The decrease in research and
development expenses as a percentage of revenues during fiscal
year 2005 is primarily due to the increase in revenues during
the year compared to fiscal year 2004. Research and development
expenses during fiscal year 2005 increased approximately 29% in
absolute dollars from the comparable period a year ago. This
increase in research and development spending is primarily due
to increased project materials and non-recurring engineering
costs related to our smartphone products of approximately
$7.1 million, increased headcount and the related employee
compensation and benefits costs of approximately
$11.7 million as a result of an increase in engineering
personnel and related recruiting fees, increased travel of
approximately $0.8 million as a result of greater
international project activity and increased depreciation,
facilities and datacom allocations of approximately
$1.8 million partially offset by reduced consulting
expenses incurred of approximately $1.2 million.
General and administrative expenses consist of employee related
costs, travel expenses and allocated information technology,
facilities and other central costs for finance, legal, human
resources and executive functions, outside legal and accounting
fees, provision for doubtful accounts and business insurance
costs. The decrease in general and administrative expenses as a
percentage of revenues during fiscal year 2005 is primarily due
to increased revenues during the year as compared to fiscal year
2004. The increase in general and administrative expenses in
absolute dollars is primarily comprised of an increase of
$3.4 million of employee compensation and benefits costs
primarily the result of an increased number of general and
administrative employees during the year. In addition,
consulting and professional service fees increased by
approximately $1.8 million primarily due to the incremental
costs related to our implementation of Sarbanes-Oxley
Section 404 requirements, partially offset by a decrease in
the charge for our provision for doubtful accounts of
$2.2 million primarily due to overall improvements in our
accounts receivables.
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The increase in amortization of intangible assets and deferred
stock-based compensation in absolute dollars during fiscal year
2005 as compared to fiscal year 2004 is primarily due to an
additional $3.2 million for the inclusion of amortization
of the remaining intangible assets and deferred stock-based
compensation related to the acquisition of Handspring for the
full fiscal year, as compared to only a portion of fiscal year
2004 and $1.0 million of additional amortization of
deferred stock-based compensation, which includes the charges
associated with unvested shares of Palm restricted stock and a
portion of the unvested options to purchase shares of Palm
common stock that had their vesting accelerated in connection
with employee separation costs for our former chief executive
officer. These increases were largely offset by a decrease of
approximately $4.2 million in amortization expense related
to the customer backlog intangible asset arising from the
acquisition of Handspring which was fully amortized during
fiscal year 2004.
Restructuring charges relate to the implementation of a series
of actions to better align our expense structure with our
revenues. Restructuring adjustments recorded during fiscal year
2005 of $0.4 million, consist of $0.1 million related
to restructuring actions taken during the third quarter of
fiscal year 2004 and $0.3 million related to restructuring
actions taken during the third quarter of fiscal year 2003.
Restructuring charges related to fiscal year 2004 consist of
$8.9 million related to the restructuring actions taken
during the first and third quarters of fiscal year 2004 less
adjustments of $0.5 million related to restructuring
actions taken in the third quarter of fiscal year 2003.
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Restructuring actions initiated in the first quarter of fiscal
year 2004 and the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2001 were
substantially completed except for remaining contractual
payments for excess facilities. Restructuring actions initiated
in the third quarter of fiscal year 2004 and the third quarter
of fiscal year 2003 are complete. We cannot assure you that our
current estimates of the costs associated with these
restructuring actions will not change during implementation.
Employee separation costs represent costs recorded for certain
of our employees, including our former chief executive officer,
for one-time payments.
Interest and other income (expense), on a net basis, was
$3.0 million of net income for the fiscal year ended
May 31, 2005 and primarily consisted of approximately
$6.5 million of interest income on our cash, cash
equivalent and short-term investment balances and a
$0.2 million gain on the sale of an equity investment,
partially offset by $3.7 million of interest expense and
bank and other charges. Interest and other income
(expense) in fiscal year 2004 primarily consisted of
interest income on our cash, cash equivalents and short-term
investments of $2.7 million and $2.4 million of
proceeds from reimbursement for a legal settlement, offset by
interest expense and bank and other charges of $4.0 million
and $1.1 million in legal settlements. Interest income
increased primarily as the result of higher cash, cash
equivalent and short-term investment balances and increased
interest rates. Interest expense and bank and other charges
decreased primarily due to a smaller and more cost effective
credit facility.
The income tax provision for fiscal year 2005 represented
approximately 18% of pretax income, which includes foreign and
state income taxes of approximately $4.4 million and
acquisition accounting adjustments to goodwill of approximately
$9.8 million, partially offset by the favorable conclusion
to two tax audits which reduced our first and third quarter tax
provisions but which are not anticipated to recur. The
acquisition accounting adjustments to goodwill are related to
the recognition of deferred tax assets, including net operating
loss carryforwards, related to Handspring that were realized in
the current year to offset taxable income. The tax benefit
associated with the utilization of these deferred tax assets is
reflected as a goodwill reduction. The income tax provision for
the year ended May 31, 2004 was primarily related to
foreign income taxes. We continue to maintain our deferred tax
asset valuation allowance which is reviewed quarterly and will
be preserved until sufficient positive evidence exists to
support the reversal of the valuation allowance based
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upon current and preceding years results of operations and
anticipated profit levels in future years. The Company believes
that if it continues to experience profitable results of
operations, it may have enough evidence to reverse some or all
if its valuation allowance during fiscal year 2006.
Loss from discontinued operations was $11.6 million in
fiscal year 2004. Included in loss from discontinued operations
are the results of operations of PalmSource through the
October 28, 2003 distribution date of approximately
$6.4 million and the historical consolidated separation
costs incurred to affect the PalmSource distribution of
approximately $5.2 million.
Comparison of Fiscal Years Ended May 31, 2004 and
2003
Revenues for fiscal year 2004 increased approximately 13% from
fiscal year 2003 and include the results of operations of the
former Handspring business from the date of acquisition
(October 29, 2003). During fiscal year 2004, net device
units shipped were 4.107 million units at an average
selling price of $209. During fiscal year 2003, net device units
shipped were 4.193 million units at an average selling
price of $174. The average selling price was up approximately
20% in fiscal year 2004, which was partially offset by the 2%
decrease in unit sales. Of this 13% increase in revenues, the
increase in average selling prices contributed approximately
17 percentage points of this increase, while unit shipment
declines reduced it by approximately 2 percentage points.
The increase in average selling price reflects a shift in our
product mix during fiscal year 2004, particularly due to the
addition of the Treo 600 smartphone, and a more favorable
pricing environment. Revenues from our wireless Internet access
services decreased by approximately $14.0 million from
fiscal year 2003, or approximately 2 percentage points and
accessory sales decreased slightly by approximately
$1.2 million, or 2%, from fiscal year 2003. Our wireless
Internet access revenues are down due to a decline in our
installed user base. Our provision for product returns remained
relatively flat as a percentage of revenue between fiscal year
2004 and 2003 at about 4.7%.
International revenues were approximately 40% of worldwide
revenues in fiscal year 2004 compared with approximately 41% in
fiscal year 2003. Of the 13% increase in worldwide revenues from
fiscal year 2003 to fiscal year 2004, approximately
9 percentage points resulted from an increase in United
States revenues and approximately 4 percentage points
resulted from an increase in international revenues. Average
selling prices for our devices increased in the United States by
22% and in international markets by about 17%, from fiscal year
2003 to fiscal year 2004. The larger increase in United States
average selling prices is primarily the result of earlier
penetration of the Treo 600 smartphone with United States
carriers. The increase in average selling prices was partially
offset by a decrease in net units sold. Net units sold remained
relatively flat from fiscal year 2003 in the United States and
decreased approximately 5% from fiscal year 2003
internationally. In addition, we experienced a 13% decline in
accessories revenue internationally in fiscal year 2004 over
fiscal year 2003, versus a 5% increase in the United States.
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Cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues
decreased by 3.3% to 71.3% for fiscal year 2004 from 74.6% for
fiscal year 2003. The decrease is primarily the result of
(i) lower product costs as a percentage of revenues for the
products introduced during fiscal year 2004 compared to products
introduced during the prior year, representing a decrease of
approximately 3.5 percentage points, (ii) favorable
scrap and rework costs during fiscal year 2004 as a result of
lower open box returns contributing an additional
1.2 percentage points and (iii) a reduced Palm OS
royalty rate during the latter half of the year, as a result of
our software license agreement with PalmSource, contributing
approximately 0.5 percentage points. These were partially
offset by an increase of approximately 1.6 percentage
points due to warranty expenses related to our Treo 600
product.
The Amortization of intangible assets and deferred
stock-based compensation applicable to the cost of
revenues decreased as a percentage of revenue and in absolute
dollars in fiscal year 2004 primarily due to certain restricted
stock awards becoming fully amortized during fiscal year 2003.
Sales and marketing expenses in fiscal year 2004 decreased
approximately 5% from fiscal year 2003. The decrease in sales
and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues and in
absolute dollars is primarily due to reduced spending in direct
marketing and collateral and sales literature of approximately
$10.7 million as a result of company-wide cost control
measures. In addition, trade show and other marketing expense
reductions accounted for approximately $2.9 million of the
reduction and marketing development expenses with our retail
customers decreased approximately $2.4 million. These
decreases were partially offset by increased advertising costs
of approximately $6.0 million, increased technical support
costs of approximately $1.8 million, and increased
personnel and related expenses of approximately
$0.3 million primarily due to an increase in sales
commissions, all directly related to our increased revenues.
Research and development expenses in fiscal year 2004 decreased
approximately 1% from fiscal year 2003. The decrease in research
and development expenses as a percentage of revenues in fiscal
year 2004 is primarily due to increased revenues in fiscal year
2004 as compared to fiscal year 2003. The decrease in research
and development in absolute dollars is primarily due to a
$2.7 million decrease in personnel and related costs,
including travel, and depreciation, reflecting cost controls and
restructuring actions to better align our cost structure with
our business operations. In addition, project materials
decreased by approximately $1.4 million. These decreases
were offset by non-recurring engineering costs related to our
smartphone product of approximately $3.3 million.
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The decrease in general and administrative expenses as a
percentage of revenues in fiscal year 2004 is primarily due to
increased revenues in fiscal year 2004 as compared to fiscal
year 2003. The increase in absolute dollars is primarily
comprised of an increase of $1.6 million due to increased
legal, consulting and professional services offset by lower
insurance premiums of approximately $0.6 million and a
reduction in our provision for doubtful accounts of
$1.0 million.
The increase in amortization of intangible assets and deferred
stock-based compensation in absolute dollars is primarily due to
the acquisition of Handspring as of October 29, 2003, which
resulted in the recording of certain intangible assets and
deferred stock-based compensation for which $9.1 million of
amortization was included in the year ended May 31, 2004.
In fiscal year 2003, $1.1 million of amortization of
intangible assets was recorded in connection with the
ThinAirApps acquisition, prior to the impairment of those assets
in the third quarter of fiscal year 2003. Amortization of
deferred stock-based compensation not related to the Handspring
acquisition was $0.6 million in fiscal year 2004 compared
to $2.2 million in the prior fiscal year, a decrease of
approximately $1.6 million, primarily due to certain
restricted stock awards becoming fully amortized during fiscal
year 2003.
Restructuring charges relate to the implementation of a series
of actions to better align our expense structure with our
revenues. Restructuring charges recorded during fiscal year 2004
consist of $8.9 million related to the restructuring
actions taken during the first and third quarters of fiscal year
2004 less adjustments of $0.5 million related to
restructuring actions taken in the third quarter of fiscal year
2003.
The fiscal year 2004 restructuring charges of $8.9 million
consist of:
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Restructuring charges taken in prior periods included:
Restructuring actions initiated in the third quarter of fiscal
year 2004 are anticipated to be complete by the fourth quarter
of fiscal year 2005. Restructuring actions initiated in the
first quarter of fiscal year 2004, third quarter of fiscal year
2003 and the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2001 were
substantially completed except for remaining contractual
payments for excess facilities and project termination fees.
Restructuring actions initiated in the second and fourth quarter
of fiscal year 2002 are complete. We cannot assure you that our
current estimates of the costs associated with these
restructuring actions will not change during implementation.
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In the third quarter of fiscal year 2003, we incurred an
impairment charge of $102.5 million, including
$100.0 million related to approximately 39 acres of
land in San Jose, California owned by us. Market conditions
for commercial real estate in the Silicon Valley have
deteriorated since the land was acquired in May 2001, and during
the third quarter of fiscal year 2003, we determined that we no
longer expect to hold the land as long as would be required to
realize the $160.0 million carrying value. As a result, we
adjusted the carrying value to $60.0 million based upon the
estimated fair value at February 2003. Additionally, a
$2.5 million impairment charge was recorded in accordance
with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or
Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, related to the core
technology acquired as a result of the December 2001 business
combination with ThinAirApps, Inc. The fair value of the core
technology of ThinAirApps was determined using the discounted
cash flow method, the ThinAirApps technology is no longer
considered useful, and its carrying value is not considered to
be recoverable.
Interest and other income (expense) in fiscal year 2004
primarily consisted of interest income on our cash, cash
equivalents and short-term investments of $2.7 million and
$2.4 million of proceeds from reimbursement for a legal
settlement, offset by interest expense of $2.2 million,
bank and other charges of $1.8 million and
$1.1 million in legal settlements. Interest and other
income (expense) in fiscal year 2003 primarily consisted of
insurance proceeds of $12.7 million from a partial
insurance settlement of a business interruption claim and
interest income on our cash balances of $3.8 million
primarily offset by interest expense of $2.6 million, bank
charges, including amortization of financing activities and
credit card fees, of $3.9 million, legal settlements of
$4.1 million and impairment of equity investments of
$2.7 million. Interest income decreased primarily as the
result of lower cash, cash equivalent and short-term investment
balances and reduced interest rates. Interest expense and bank
and other charges decreased primarily due to a smaller and more
cost effective credit facility.
The income tax provision for fiscal year 2004 represented (148)%
of pretax loss, which represents foreign income taxes. The
income tax provision for fiscal year 2003 represented (114)% of
pretax loss, reflecting a $219.6 million increase in the
valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, first established
in fiscal year 2002, as well as income taxes in foreign
jurisdictions, which are not offset by operating loss
carryforwards. As of the end of fiscal year 2002, we had
recorded a net deferred tax asset of $254.4 million. The
realization of the net deferred tax asset was supported by
certain identified tax strategies, involving the potential sale
or transfer of appreciated assets, which were prudent, feasible
and which management would implement, if necessary, to realize
the related tax benefits before our net operating loss
carryforwards expired. The identified tax strategies included
the potential sale or transfer of certain identified business
operations, consisting of our PalmSource subsidiary and our
wireless access service operations, as well as the transfer of
certain intellectual property from a foreign subsidiary to the
United States, on a taxable basis. During the first quarter of
fiscal year 2003,
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there was a significant decline in the value of these identified
business operations and assets. In addition, our business plans
had developed such that the potential sale or transfer of
PalmSource and our wireless access service operations on a
taxable basis were no longer feasible tax planning strategies.
As a result, we increased our valuation allowance by
$219.6 million to reflect these changes and to reduce the
net deferred tax assets to $34.8 million, which is the
amount supported by the value of our intellectual property
transfer strategy which, as of that date and at the end of
fiscal year 2004, continues to be prudent, feasible and one that
management would implement, if necessary, to realize the related
tax benefits before our net operating loss carryforwards
expired. The net operating loss carryforwards, which are a
significant component of the deferred tax assets of Palm and
which totaled $586 million at May 31, 2004, remain
available for us to utilize against future profits.
Included in loss from discontinued operations are the results of
operations of PalmSource through the October 28, 2003
distribution date and the historical consolidated separation
costs incurred to affect the PalmSource distribution. Loss from
PalmSource operations was $6.4 million for fiscal year 2004
and $15.4 million for fiscal year 2003. Historical
consolidated separation costs were $5.2 million and
$9.3 million for fiscal years 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash and cash equivalents at May 31, 2005 were
$128.2 million, compared to $98.6 million at
May 31, 2004. The increase of $29.6 million in cash
and cash equivalents was primarily attributable to net income of
$66.4 million, non-cash charges of $25.4 million,
changes in assets and liabilities of $22.9 million and
proceeds of $20.9 million from employee stock plan
activity. This was offset by $81.5 million in net purchases
of short-term investments, cash used for the purchase of
property and equipment of $15.3 million, a payment to
acquire the Palm brand of $7.5 million and repayment of
debt of $1.6 million.
We anticipate our May 31, 2005 total cash, cash equivalents
and short-term investments balance of $362.7 million will
satisfy our operational cash flow requirements over the next
12 months. Based on our current forecast, we do not
anticipate any short-term or long-term liquidity deficiencies.
Net accounts receivables was $140.2 million at May 31,
2005, an increase of $19.4 million, or 16%, from
$120.8 million at May 31, 2004. Days sales
outstanding, or DSO, of receivables decreased to 38 days at
May 31, 2005 from 41 days at May 31, 2004. The
increase in net accounts receivables was primarily due to an
increase in revenues of approximately $68.5 million, or
26%, in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2005 compared to the
fourth quarter of fiscal year 2004, partially offset by strong
collection activity during the quarter.
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The following is a summary of the contractual commitments
associated with our debt and lease obligations, as well as our
purchase commitments as of May 31, 2005 (in thousands):
Our facilities are leased under operating leases that expire at
various dates through September 2011.
In December 2001, we issued a subordinated convertible note in
the principal amount of $50.0 million to Texas Instruments.
In connection with the PalmSource distribution on
October 28, 2003, the note was canceled and divided into
two separate obligations, we retained $35.0 million and the
remainder was assumed by PalmSource. The note bears interest at
5.0% per annum, is due in December 2006 and is convertible
into Palm common stock at an effective conversion price of
$64.60 per share. We may force a conversion at any time,
provided our common stock has traded above $99.48 per share
for a defined period of time. In the event we distribute
significant assets, we may be required to repay a portion of the
note. The note agreement defines certain events of default
pursuant to which the full amount of the note plus interest
could become due and payable.
In May 2005, we acquired PalmSources 55 percent share
of the Palm Trademark Holding Company resulting in full rights
to the Palm brand name. The rights to the brand had been
co-owned by the two companies since the October 2003 spin-off of
PalmSource from Palm. We will pay $30.0 million in
installments over 3.5 years and have granted PalmSource
certain rights to Palm trademarks for PalmSource and its
licensees for a four-year transition period. As of May 31,
2005, the remaining amount due to PalmSource is
$22.5 million.
We have a patent and license agreement with a third party vendor
under which Palm is committed to pay $2.7 million in fiscal
year 2006.
We have an agreement with PalmSource that grants us certain
licenses to develop, manufacture, test, maintain and support our
products. This agreement was renewed in May 2005, providing for
continued development and marketing of Palm products based on
the PalmSource operating system through 2009. Under the
agreement, we agreed to pay PalmSource license and royalty fees
based upon net revenue of our products which incorporate
PalmSources software, as well as a source code license and
maintenance and support fees. The source code license fee was
$6.0 million paid in three equal annual installments of
$2.0 million each in June 2003, June 2004 and June 2005.
The source code license fee was reduced to $1.2 million and
is payable in three equal annual installments of
$0.4 million each in June 2006, June 2007 and June 2008
under the amended license agreement. Annual maintenance and
support fees were approximately $0.7 million per year. The
agreement includes a minimum annual royalty and license
commitment of $41.0 million, $42.5 million,
$35.0 million, $20.0 million and $10.0 million
for the contract years ending December 3, 2005,
December 3, 2006, December 3, 2007, December 3,
2008 and December 3, 2009, respectively.
We accrue for royalty obligations for our mobile communications
and handheld devices based on either unit shipments or a
percentage of applicable revenue for the net sales of products
using certain software technologies. We recognize royalty
obligations as determinable in accordance with license agreement
terms. Where agreements are not finalized, accrued royalty
obligations represent managements best estimates using
appropriate assumptions and projections at the time based on
negotiations with the third parties. We have
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accrued royalty obligations of $32.0 million as of
May 31, 2005 which are reported in other accrued
liabilities and includes $29.7 million of estimated
royalties. The status of each negotiation differs, and the
amounts accrued as the expected royalty obligations are not
necessarily the same as the amounts requested by the licensors
as of that date. When agreements are finalized, the estimates
will be revised accordingly. While the amounts ultimately agreed
upon may be more or less than the current accrual, management
does not believe that finalization of the agreements would have
had a material impact on the amounts reported for its financial
position as of May 31, 2005 or for the reported results for
the year then ended; however, the effect of finalization in the
future may be significant in the interim period in which it is
recorded.
We utilize contract manufacturers to build our products. These
contract manufacturers acquire components and build product
based on demand forecast information supplied by us, which
typically covers a rolling 12-month period. Consistent with
industry practice, we acquire inventories through a combination
of formal purchase orders, supplier contracts and open orders
based on projected demand information. Such formal and informal
purchase commitments typically cover our forecasted component
and manufacturing requirements for periods ranging from 30 to
90 days. In certain instances, these agreements allow us
the option to cancel, reschedule and adjust our requirements
based on our business needs prior to firm orders being placed.
Consequently, only a portion of our purchase commitments arising
from these agreements may be non-cancelable and unconditional
commitments. As of May 31, 2005, our commitments to third
party manufacturers for inventory on-hand and component purchase
commitments related to the manufacture of our products are
approximately $124.5 million.
In August 2003, we entered into a two-year, $30.0 million
revolving credit line with Silicon Valley Bank, or SVB, which
was amended and restated to extend the term one more year. The
credit line is secured by assets of Palm, including but not
limited to cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments,
accounts receivable, inventory and property and equipment. The
interest rate is equal to SVBs prime rate (6.0% at
May 31, 2005) or, at our election subject to specific
requirements, equal to LIBOR plus 1.75% (5.01% at May 31,
2005). The interest rate may vary based on fluctuations in
market rates. We are subject to a financial covenant requirement
under the credit line agreement to maintain cash on deposit and
short-term investments in the United States of not less than
$100.0 million. As of May 31, 2005 we had used our
credit line to support the issuance of letters of credit of
$9.2 million.
In March 2002, we filed a universal shelf registration statement
to give us the flexibility to sell up to $200 million of
debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, depository
shares and warrants in one or more offerings and in any
combination thereof. The net proceeds from the sale of
securities offered are intended for general corporate purposes,
including to meet working capital needs and for capital
expenditures. During August 2003, we sold 2.4 million
shares of Palm common stock under the shelf registration
statement to institutional investors for net proceeds of
approximately $37.0 million.
We denominate our sales to certain European customers in the
Euro, in Pounds Sterling and in Swiss Francs. We also incur
expenses in a variety of currencies. We hedge certain balance
sheet exposures and intercompany balances against future
movements in foreign currency exchange rates by using foreign
exchange forward contracts. Gains and losses on the contracts
are intended to offset foreign exchange gains or losses from the
revaluation of assets and liabilities denominated in currencies
other than the functional currency of the reporting entity. Our
foreign exchange forward contracts generally mature within
30 days. We do not intend to utilize derivative financial
instruments for trading purposes.
Effects of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R),
Share-Based Payment. This statement replaces
SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation and supersedes APB No. 25, Accounting
for Stock Issued to Employees. SFAS 123(R) requires
companies to apply a fair-value-based measurement method in
accounting for shared-based payment transactions with employees
and to record compensation cost for all stock awards granted
after the required effective date and to awards modified,
repurchased, or cancelled after that date. In addition, the
Company is required to record compensation expense (as previous
awards continue to vest) for the unvested portion of previously
granted awards that remain outstanding at the date of adoption.
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SFAS 123(R) will be effective for fiscal years beginning
after June 15, 2005, which is Palms fiscal year 2007.
Management has not yet determined the impact that
SFAS 123(R) will have on its financial position, results of
operations and statement of cash flows, but expects that the
impact will be material.
Business Environment and Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the risks described below and
the other information in this Form 10-K. The business,
results of operations or financial condition of Palm could be
seriously harmed, and the trading price of Palm common stock may
decline due to any of these risks.
Risks Related to Our Business
Our operating results are subject to fluctuations, and if we
fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts or
investors, our stock price may decrease significantly.
Our operating results are difficult to forecast. Our future
operating results may fluctuate significantly and may not meet
our expectations or those of securities analysts or investors.
If this occurs, the price of our stock will likely decline. Many
factors may cause fluctuations in our operating results
including, but not limited to, the following:
Any of the foregoing factors could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial
condition.
If we do not correctly forecast demand for our products, we
could have costly excess production or inventories or we may not
be able to secure sufficient or cost effective quantities of our
products or production materials and our cost of revenues and
financial condition could be adversely impacted.
The demand for our products depends on many factors, including
pricing levels, and is difficult to forecast due in part to
variations in economic conditions, changes in consumer and
enterprise preferences, relatively short product life cycles,
changes in competition, seasonality and reliance on key sales
channel partners. It is
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particularly difficult to forecast demand by individual product.
Significant unanticipated fluctuations in demand, the timing and
disclosure of new product releases or the timing of key sales
orders could result in costly excess production or inventories
or the inability to secure sufficient, cost-effective quantities
of our products or production materials. This could adversely
impact our cost of revenues and financial condition.
The market for mobile communications and computing devices is
volatile, and changing market conditions, or failure to adjust
to changing market conditions, may adversely affect our
revenues, results of operations and financial condition,
particularly given our size, limited resources and lack of
diversification.
We operate in the mobile communications and computing industry
which includes both handheld and smartphone devices. Over the
last few years, we have seen year-over-year declines in the
volume of handheld devices while demand for smartphone devices
has increased. Although we are the leading provider of handheld
products and while we intend to maintain this leadership
position, we are rebalancing investment towards smartphone
products in response to forecasted market demand trends. We
cannot assure you that declines in the volume of handheld device
units will not continue or that the growth of smartphone devices
will offset any decline in handheld device sales. If we are
unable to adequately respond to changes in demand for handheld
and smartphone devices, our revenues and results of operations
could be adversely affected. In addition, as our products and
product categories mature and face greater competition, we may
experience pressure on our product pricing to preserve demand
for our products, which would adversely affect our margins,
results of operations and financial condition.
This reliance on the success of and trends in our industry is
compounded by the size of our organization and our focus on
mobile communications and computing devices. These factors also
make us more dependent on investments of our limited resources.
For example, we face many resource allocation decisions, such as
where to focus our research and development, geographic sales
and marketing and partnering efforts; which aspects of our
business to outsource; which operating systems and email
solutions to support; and the balance between our handheld and
smartphone products. Our smartphone products-related revenue
grew from approximately 18% of our total revenue during fiscal
year 2004 to approximately 46% during fiscal year 2005, causing
us to shift the focus of a large portion of our engineering
resources towards the smartphone opportunity as well as hire and
integrate new employees. Given the size and undiversified nature
of our organization, any error in investment strategy could harm
our business, results of operations and financial condition.
If we fail to develop and introduce new products and services
successfully and in a cost effective and timely manner, we will
not be able to compete effectively and our ability to generate
revenues will suffer.
We operate in a highly competitive, rapidly evolving
environment, and our success depends on our ability to develop
and introduce new products and services that our customers and
end users choose to buy. If we are unsuccessful at developing
and introducing new products and services that are appealing to
our customers and end users with acceptable quality, prices and
terms, we will not be able to compete effectively and our
ability to generate revenues will suffer.
The development of new products and services can be very
difficult and requires high levels of innovation. The
development process is also lengthy and costly. If we fail to
anticipate our end users needs or technological trends
accurately or are unable to complete the development of products
and services in a cost effective and timely fashion, we will be
unable to introduce new products and services into the market or
successfully compete with other providers.
As we introduce new or enhanced products or integrate new
technology into new or existing products, we face risks
including, among other things, disruption in customers
ordering patterns, excessive levels of older product
inventories, delivering sufficient supplies of new products to
meet customers demand, possible product and technology
defects, and a potentially different sales and support
environment. Premature announcements or leaks of new products,
features or technologies may exacerbate some of these risks. Our
failure to manage the transition to newer products or the
integration of newer technology into new or existing products
could adversely affect our business, results of operations and
financial condition.
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We rely on third parties to design, manufacture, distribute,
warehouse and support our handheld and wireless communications
devices, and our reputation, revenues and results of operations
could be adversely affected if these third parties fail to meet
their performance obligations.
We outsource most of our hardware design to third party
manufacturers. We depend on their design expertise, and we rely
on them to design our products at satisfactory quality levels.
If our third party manufacturers fail to provide quality
hardware design, our reputation and revenues could suffer. These
third party designers and manufacturers have access to our
intellectual property which increases the risk of infringement
or misappropriation of such intellectual property. In addition,
these third parties may claim ownership in certain of the
intellectual property developed for our products, which may
limit our ability to have these products manufactured by others.
We outsource all of our manufacturing requirements to third
party manufacturers at their international facilities, which are
located primarily in China, Taiwan and Brazil. In general our
products are manufactured by sole source providers. We depend on
these third parties to produce a sufficient volume of our
products in a timely fashion and at satisfactory quality levels.
In addition, we rely on our third party manufacturers to place
orders with suppliers for the components they need to
manufacture our products. If they fail to place timely and
sufficient orders with suppliers, our revenues and cost of
revenues could suffer. Our reliance on third party manufacturers
in foreign countries, exposes us to risks that are not in our
control, including outbreaks of disease (such as an outbreak of
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS, or bird flu in
China), economic slowdowns, labor disruptions, trade
restrictions and other events that could result in quarantines,
shutdowns or closures of our third party manufacturers or their
suppliers. The cost, quality and availability of third party
manufacturing operations are essential to the successful
production and sale of our handheld and wireless communications
devices. If our third party manufacturers fail to produce
quality products on time and in sufficient quantities, our
reputation, business and results of operations could suffer.
These manufacturers could refuse to continue to manufacture all
or some of the units of our devices that we require or change
the terms under which they manufacture our device products. If
these manufacturers were to stop manufacturing our devices, we
may be unable to replace the lost manufacturing capacity on a
timely basis and our results of operations could be harmed. If
these manufacturers were to change the terms under which they
manufacture for us, our manufacturing costs could increase and
our cost of revenues could increase. While we may have
contractual remedies under manufacturing agreements, our
business and reputation could be harmed. In addition, our
contractual relationships are principally with the manufacturers
of our products, and not with component suppliers. In the
absence of a contract with the manufacturer that requires it to
obtain and pass through warranty and indemnity rights with
respect to component suppliers, we may not have recourse to any
third party in the event of a component failure.
We may choose from time to time to transition to or add new
third party manufacturers. If we transition the manufacturing of
any product to a new manufacturer, there is a risk of disruption
in manufacturing and revenues and our results of operations
could be adversely impacted. The learning curve and
implementation associated with adding a new third party
manufacturer may adversely impact revenues and our results of
operations.
We rely on third party distribution and warehouse services
providers to warehouse and distribute our products. Our contract
warehouse facilities are physically separated from our contract
manufacturing locations. This requires additional lead-time to
deliver products to customers. If we are shipping products near
the end of a fiscal quarter, this extra time could result in us
not meeting anticipated shipment volumes for that quarter, which
may negatively impact our revenues for that fiscal quarter.
As a result of economic conditions or other factors, our
distribution and warehouse services providers may close or move
their facilities with little notice to us, which could cause
disruption in our ability to deliver products. With little or no
notice, these distribution and warehouse services providers
could refuse to continue to provide distribution and warehouse
services for all or some of our devices or change the terms
under which they provide such services. Any disruption of
distribution and warehouse services could have a negative impact
on our revenues and results of operations.
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Changes in transportation schedules due to terrorist threats or
attacks, military activity, labor disruptions or carrier
financial difficulties could cause transportation delays and
increase our costs for both receipt of inventory and shipment of
products to our customers. If these types of disruptions occur,
our results of operations could be adversely impacted.
We outsource most of the warranty support, product repair and
technical support for our products to third party providers,
which are located around the world. We depend on their
expertise, and we rely on them to provide satisfactory levels of
service. If our third party providers fail to provide consistent
quality service in a timely manner and sustain customer
satisfaction, our reputation and results of operations could
suffer.
Our handheld and wireless communications devices may contain
errors or defects, which could result in the rejection or return
of our products, damage to our reputation, lost revenues,
diverted development resources and increased service costs,
warranty claims and litigation.
Our handheld and wireless communications devices are complex and
must meet stringent user requirements. In addition, we warrant
that our products will be free of defect for 90 to 365 days
after the date of purchase, depending on the product. In Europe,
we are required by law in some countries to provide a two-year
warranty for certain defects. In addition, certain of our
contracts with wireless carriers include epidemic failure
clauses with low thresholds that we have in some instances
exceeded. If invoked, these clauses may entitle the carrier to
return or obtain credits for products and inventory, or to
cancel outstanding purchase orders.
In addition, we must develop our hardware and software
application products quickly to keep pace with the rapidly
changing mobile communications and computing market, and we have
a history of frequently introducing new products. Products as
sophisticated as ours are likely to contain undetected errors or
defects, especially when first introduced or when new models or
versions are released. In general, our handheld and wireless
communications products may not be free from errors or defects
after commercial shipments have begun, which could result in the
rejection of our products, damage to our reputation, lost
revenues, diverted development resources, increased customer
service and support costs and warranty claims and litigation
which could harm our business, results of operations and
financial condition.
If we are unable to compete effectively with existing or new
competitors, we could experience price reductions, reduced
demand for our products and services, reduced margins and loss
of market share, and our business, results of operations and
financial condition would be adversely affected.
The mobile communications and computing device market is highly
competitive, and we expect increased competition in the future,
particularly as companies from established industry segments,
such as mobile handset, personal computer and consumer
electronics, enter this market or increasingly expand and market
their competitive product offerings or both.
Some of our competitors or potential competitors possess
capabilities developed over years of serving customers in their
respective markets that might enable them to compete more
effectively than us in certain segments. In addition, many of
our competitors have significantly greater engineering,
manufacturing, sales, marketing and financial resources and
capabilities than we do. These competitors may be able to
respond more rapidly than we can to new or emerging technologies
or changes in customer requirements, including introducing a
greater number and variety of products than we can. They may
also devote greater resources to the development, promotion and
sale of their products. They may have lower costs and be better
able to withstand lower prices in order to gain market share at
our expense. Finally, these competitors bring with them customer
loyalties, which may limit our ability to compete despite
superior product offerings.
Our devices compete with a variety of mobile devices. Our
principal competitors include:
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Some of these competitors, such as HTC, produce smartphones as
carrier-branded devices. As technology advances, we also expect
to compete with mobile phones without branded operating systems
that synchronize with personal computers, as well as ultramobile
personal computers and laptop computers with wide area network
or data cards and VoIP, and WiFi phones with VoIP.
Some competitors sell or license server, desktop and/or laptop
computing products, software and/or recurring services in
addition to mobile communications and computing products and may
choose to market their mobile communications and computing
products at a discounted price or give them away for free with
their other products or services, which could negatively affect
our ability to compete.
A number of our competitors have longer and closer relationships
with the senior management of enterprise customers who decide
which products and technologies will be deployed in their
enterprises. Many competitors have larger and more established
sales forces calling upon enterprise customers and therefore
could contact a greater number of potential customers with more
frequency. Consequently, these competitors could have a better
competitive position than we do, which could result in potential
enterprise customers deciding not to choose our products and
services, which would adversely impact our revenues.
Successful new product introductions or enhancements by our
competitors could cause intense price competition or make our
products obsolete. To remain competitive, we must continue to
invest significant resources in research and development, sales
and marketing and customer support. We cannot be sure that we
will have sufficient resources to make these investments or that
we will be able to make the technological advances necessary to
be competitive. Increased competition could result in price
reductions, reduced demand for our products and services,
increased expenses, reduced margins and loss of market share.
Failure to compete successfully against current or future
competitors could harm our business, results of operations and
financial condition.
We are highly dependent on wireless carriers for the success
of our wireless handheld and smartphone products.
The success of our wireless business strategy and our wireless
communications products is highly dependent on our ability to
establish new relationships and build on our existing
relationships with domestic and international wireless carriers.
We cannot assure you that we will be successful in establishing
new relationships or advancing existing relationships with
wireless carriers or that these wireless carriers will act in a
manner that will promote the success of our wireless
communications products. Factors that are largely within the
control of wireless carriers, but which are important to the
success of our wireless communications products, include:
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For example, flat data rate pricing plans offered by some
wireless carriers may represent some risk to our relationship
with such carriers. While flat data pricing helps customer
adoption of the data services offered by carriers and therefore
highlights the advantages of the data applications of our
wireless communications products, such plans may not allow our
smartphones to contribute as much average revenue per user, or
ARPU, to wireless carriers as when they are priced by usage, and
therefore reduces our differentiation from other, non-data
devices in the view of the carriers. In addition, if wireless
carriers charge higher rates than consumers are willing to pay,
the acceptance of our wireless solutions could be less than
anticipated and our revenues and results of operations could be
adversely affected.
Wireless carriers have a lot of bargaining power as we enter
into agreements with them. They may require contract terms that
are difficult for us to satisfy and could result in higher costs
to complete certification requirements and negatively impact our
results of operations and financial condition. Wireless carriers
also significantly affect our ability to develop and launch
products for use on their wireless networks. If we fail to
address the needs of wireless carriers, identify new product and
service opportunities or modify or improve our wireless
communications products in response to changes in technology,
industry standards or wireless carrier requirements, our
products could rapidly become less competitive or obsolete. If
we fail to timely develop wireless communications products that
meet carrier product planning cycles or fail to deliver
sufficient quantities of products in a timely manner to wireless
carriers, those carriers may choose to emphasize similar
products from our competitors and thereby reduce their focus on
our products which would have a negative impact on our business,
results of operations and financial condition.
As we build strategic relationships with wireless carriers,
we could be exposed to significant fluctuations in revenue for
our wireless communications products.
Because of their large sales channels, wireless carriers may
purchase large quantities of our products prior to launch so
that the products are widely available. Reorders of products may
fluctuate quarter to quarter, depending upon end-customer demand
and inventory levels required by the carriers. As we develop new
strategic relationships and launch new products with wireless
carriers, our wireless communications products-related revenue
could be subject to significant fluctuation based upon the
timing of carrier product launches, carrier inventory
requirements and our ability to forecast and satisfy carrier and
end-customer demand.
The amount of future wireless carrier subsidies is uncertain,
and wireless carriers are free to lower or reduce their
subsidies with little notice to us, which could negatively
impact our revenue and results of operations.
When we sell our wireless products on our own website, we
sometimes have the opportunity to earn end-customer acquisition
subsidies from wireless carriers if the end-customer also
purchases a voice or data plan from the wireless carrier. Today
the wireless industry is generally decreasing subsidies on voice
services. Moreover, the wireless carriers that currently provide
Palm with subsidies may reduce or discontinue these subsidies
with little notice. While we believe wireless carriers will
continue to offer subsidies to Palm, if these subsidies were
reduced or eliminated, the gross margins for the affected
products sold through our web site would decline and we would be
more limited in our ability to price our products competitively
to cost sensitive consumers.
If carriers move away from subsidizing the purchase of wireless
devices, this could significantly reduce the sales or growth
rate of sales of wireless devices. This could have an adverse
impact on our business, revenues and results of operations.
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If our wireless products do not meet wireless carrier and
governmental or regulatory certification requirements, we will
not be able to compete effectively and our ability to generate
revenues will suffer.
We are required to certify our wireless products with
governmental and regulatory agencies and with the wireless
carriers for use on their networks. The certification process
can be time consuming, could delay the offering of our wireless
device products on carrier networks and affect our ability to
timely deliver products to customers. As a result, carriers may
choose to offer, or consumers may choose to buy, similar
products from our competitors and thereby reduce their focus on
our products, which would have a negative impact on our wireless
communications products sales volumes, our revenues and our cost
of revenues.
We rely on third parties to sell and distribute our products,
and we rely on their information to manage our business.
Disruption of our relationship with these channel partners,
changes in their business practices, their failure to provide
timely and accurate information or conflicts among our channels
of distribution could adversely affect our business, results of
operations and financial condition.
The wireless carriers, distributors, retailers and resellers who
sell and distribute our products also sell products offered by
our competitors. If our competitors offer our sales channel
partners more favorable terms or have more products available to
meet their needs or utilize the leverage of broader product
lines sold through the channel, those wireless carriers,
distributors, retailers and resellers may de-emphasize or
decline to carry our products. In addition, certain of our sales
channel partners could decide to de-emphasize the product
categories that we offer in exchange for other product
categories that they believe provide higher returns. If we are
unable to maintain successful relationships with these sales
channel partners or to expand our distribution channels, our
business will suffer.
Because we sell our products primarily to wireless carriers,
distributors, retailers and resellers, we are subject to many
risks, including risks related to product returns, either
through the exercise of contractual return rights or as a result
of our strategic interest in assisting them in balancing
inventories. In addition, these sales channel partners could
modify their business practices, such as inventory levels, or
seek to modify their contractual terms, such as return rights or
payment terms. Unexpected changes in product return requests,
inventory levels, payment terms or other practices by these
sales channel partners could negatively impact our business,
results of operations and financial condition.
We rely on wireless carriers, distributors, retailers and
resellers to provide us with timely and accurate information
about their sales and inventory levels of products purchased
from us. We use this information as one of the factors in our
forecasting process to plan future production and sales levels,
which in turn influences our public financial forecasts. We also
use this information as a factor in determining the levels of
some of our financial reserves. If we do not receive this
information on a timely and accurate basis, our results of
operations and financial condition may be adversely impacted.
Distributors, retailers and traditional resellers experience
competition from Internet-based resellers that distribute
directly to end-customers, and there is also competition among
Internet-based resellers. We also sell our products directly to
end-customers from our Palm.com web site and our Palm stores.
These varied sales channels could cause conflict among our
channels of distribution, which could harm our business,
revenues and results of operations.
We are dependent on a concentrated number of significant
customers, and the loss or credit failure of any of those
customers could have an adverse affect on our business, results
of operation and financial condition.
Our three largest customers in fiscal year 2005 accounted for
34% of our revenues in fiscal year 2005, compared to 25% in
fiscal year 2004. We expect this trend of increased revenue
concentration with our largest customers, particularly with
wireless carriers, to continue. If any significant customer
discontinues its relationship with us for any reason, or reduces
or postpones current or expected purchases from us, it could
have an adverse impact on our business, results of operation and
financial condition.
In addition, our two largest customers in fiscal years 2005 and
2004 accounted for 24% of our accounts receivable at the end of
fiscal year 2005 and at the end of fiscal year 2004. We expect
this trend of increased
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credit concentration with our largest customers, particularly
with wireless carriers, to continue, increasing our bad debt
risks and the costs of mitigating those risks. We routinely
monitor the financial condition of our customers and review the
credit history of each new customer. While we believe that our
allowances for doubtful accounts adequately reflect the credit
risk of our customers, as well as historical trends and other
economic factors, we cannot assure you that such allowances will
be accurate or sufficient. If any of our significant customers
defaults on its account, or if we experience significant credit
expense for any reason, it could have an adverse impact on our
business, results of operation and financial condition.
We rely on third parties to manage and operate our e-commerce
web store and related telesales call center, and disruption to
this sales channel could adversely affect our revenues and
results of operations.
We outsource the operations of our e-commerce web store and
related telesales call centers to third parties. We depend on
their expertise and rely on them to provide satisfactory levels
of service. If these third party providers fail to provide
consistent quality service in a timely manner and sustain
customer satisfaction, our e-commerce web store and revenues
could suffer. If these third parties were to stop providing
these services, we may be unable to replace them on a timely
basis and our e-commerce web store and results of operations
could be harmed. In addition, if these third parties were to
change the terms and conditions under which they provide these
services, our selling costs could increase.
We depend on our suppliers, some of which are the sole source
for certain components and elements of our technology and some
of which are competitors, and our production or reputation could
be harmed if these suppliers were unable or unwilling to meet
our demand or technical requirements on a timely and/or a cost
effective basis.
Our handheld and wireless communications products contain
components, including liquid crystal displays, touch panels,
memory chips, microprocessors, cameras, radios and batteries,
which are procured from a variety of suppliers. The cost,
quality and availability of components are essential to the
successful production and sale of our device products.
Some components, such as screens and related integrated
circuits, digital signal processors, microprocessors, radio
frequency components and other discrete components, come from
sole source suppliers. Alternative sources are not always
available or may be prohibitively expensive. In addition, even
when we have multiple qualified suppliers, we may compete with
other purchasers for allocation of scarce components. Some
components come from companies with whom we compete in the
mobile communications and computing industry. If suppliers are
unable or unwilling to meet our demand for components and if we
are unable to obtain alternative sources or if the price for
alternative sources is prohibitive, our ability to maintain
timely and cost-effective production of our handheld and
wireless communications device products will be harmed. For
example, through the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2004, we
experienced a critical shortage of screens and related
integrated circuits. Shortages affect the timing and volume of
production for some of our products as well as increasing our
costs due to premium prices paid for those components. Some of
our suppliers may be capacity-constrained due to high industry
demand for some components and relatively long lead times to
expand capacity.
Our product strategy is substantially dependent on the Palm
OS, which is owned by PalmSource, an independent public company
that was formerly a subsidiary of Palm.
We have a license agreement with PalmSource, which extends
through December 2009. Our license of the Palm OS from
PalmSource is critical to the operation of our products. While
we are not contractually precluded from licensing or developing
an alternative operating system, doing so could be costly in
terms of cash and other resources. We currently rely exclusively
on PalmSource to provide the operating system for all of our
handheld and wireless communications device products.
Termination of this license, an adverse change in our
relationship with PalmSource, PalmSources failure to
supply a competitive platform or an unfavorable outcome in any
material lawsuit involving the Palm OS could harm our business.
Additionally, we are
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contractually obligated to make minimum annual payments to
PalmSource regardless of the volume of devices we sell
containing the Palm OS. Our business could be harmed if:
Our business would also be harmed if PalmSource were not able to
successfully implement its business strategy or is otherwise
unsuccessful as a stand-alone company. In addition, we cannot
assure you that PalmSource will remain an independent public
company. While our software license agreement with PalmSource
includes certain protections for us if PalmSource is acquired,
these protections may not be adequate to fully protect our
interests, which may reduce our ability to compete in the
marketplace and cause us to incur significant costs.
Other than restrictions on the use of certain trademarks and
domain names, nothing prohibits Palm from competing with
PalmSource or offering products based on a competing operating
system, and, other than the restrictions on the use of certain
trademarks and domain names, nothing prohibits PalmSource from
competing with Palm or offering PalmSources operating
system to competitors of Palm. Palm and PalmSource may not be
able to resolve any potential conflicts that may arise between
us, which may damage our relationship with PalmSource.
Palm is a defendant in at least one intellectual property
lawsuit involving the Palm OS. Although PalmSource generally
indemnifies us for damages arising from such lawsuits, other
than with respect to the litigation with Xerox, and from damages
relating to intellectual property infringement by the Palm OS
that occurred prior to the spin-off of PalmSource, we could
still be adversely affected by a determination adverse to
PalmSource as a result of market uncertainty, or product changes
that may be advisable or required due to such lawsuits, or
failure of PalmSource to adequately indemnify us.
If we are unable to obtain key technology from third parties
on a timely basis and free from errors or defects, we may have
to delay or cancel the release of certain products or features
in our products or incur increased costs.
We license third-party software and hardware for use in our
handheld and wireless communications device products, including
the Palm OS and third-party software embedded in the Palm OS.
Our ability to release and sell our products, as well as our
reputation, could be harmed if the third-party technology is not
delivered to us in a timely manner, on acceptable business terms
or contains errors or defects that are not discovered and fixed
prior to release of our products and we are unable to obtain
alternative technology on a timely and cost effective basis to
use in our products. As a result, our product shipments could be
delayed, our offering of features could be reduced or we may
need to divert our development resources from other business
objectives, any of which could adversely affect our reputation,
business and results of operations.
Our success largely depends on our ability to hire, retain,
integrate and motivate sufficient numbers of qualified
personnel, including senior management. Our strategy and our
ability to innovate, design and produce new products, sell
products, maintain operating margins and control expenses depend
on key personnel that may be difficult to replace.
Our success depends on our ability to attract and retain highly
skilled personnel, including senior management. Over the past
twelve months, we have experienced turnover in some of our
senior management positions, and we are actively recruiting to
fill these positions. We compensate our employees through a
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combination of salary, bonuses, benefits and equity
compensation. Recruiting and retaining skilled personnel,
including software and hardware engineers, is highly
competitive, particularly in the San Francisco Bay Area
where we are headquartered. If we fail to provide competitive
compensation to our employees, it will be difficult to retain,
hire and integrate qualified employees and contractors and we
may not be able to maintain and expand our business. If we do
not retain our senior managers or other key employees for any
reason, we risk losing institutional knowledge and experience,
expertise and other benefits of continuity. In addition, we must
carefully balance the growth of our employee base with our
current infrastructure, management resources and anticipated
revenue growth. For example, we have recently moved into,
invested in and committed ourselves to a six-year headquarters
lease, but that space may not be adequate for our needs over the
full term of the lease. If we are unable to manage the growth of
our employee base, particularly software and hardware engineers,
we may fail to develop and introduce new products successfully
and in a cost effective and timely manner. If our revenue growth
or employee levels vary significantly, our results of operations
and financial condition could be adversely affected. Volatility
or lack of positive performance in our stock price may also
affect our ability to retain key employees, all of whom have
been granted stock options or other equity incentives, or both.
Palms practice has been to provide incentives to all of
its employees through the use of broad based stock option plans,
but the number of shares available for new option grants is
limited and new accounting rules from the Financial Accounting
Standards Board and other agencies concerning the expensing of
stock options, which will require us and other companies to
record substantial charges to earnings, may cause us to
reevaluate our use of stock options as an employee incentive.
Therefore, we may find it difficult to provide competitive stock
option grants or other equity incentives and our ability to
hire, retain and motivate key personnel may suffer.
In past quarters, we have initiated reductions in our workforce
of both employees and contractors to balance the size of our
employee base with our anticipated revenue base or areas of
focus and we have seen some turnover in our workforce. These
reductions have resulted in reallocations of duties, which could
result in employee and contractor uncertainty. Reductions in our
workforce could make it difficult to attract, motivate and
retain employees and contractors, which could affect our ability
to deliver our products in a timely fashion and negatively
affect our business.
Third parties have claimed, and may claim in the future, that
we are infringing their intellectual property, and we could
suffer significant litigation or licensing expenses or be
prevented from selling products if these claims are
successful.
In the course of our business, we frequently receive claims of
infringement or otherwise become aware of potentially relevant
patents or other intellectual property rights held by other
parties. For example, as our focus has shifted to wireless
communication devices, we have received, and expect to continue
to receive communications from holders of patents related to
GSM, GPRS, CDMA and other mobile communication standards. We
evaluate the validity and applicability of these intellectual
property rights, and determine in each case whether we must
negotiate licenses to incorporate or use the proprietary
technologies in our products. Third parties may claim that our
customers or we are infringing or contributing to the
infringement of their intellectual property rights, and we may
be found to infringe or contribute to the infringement of those
intellectual property rights and may be required to pay
significant damages and obligated either to refrain from the
further sale of our products, or to license the right to sell
our products on an ongoing basis. We may be unaware of
intellectual property rights of others that may cover some of
our technology, products and services.
Any litigation regarding patents or other intellectual property
could be costly and time consuming and could divert our
management and key personnel from our business operations. The
complexity of the technology involved and the uncertainty of
litigation generally increase the risks associated with
intellectual property litigation. Moreover, patent litigation
has increased due to the increased numbers of cases asserted by
intellectual property licensing entities as well as increasing
competition and overlap of product functionality in our markets.
Claims of intellectual property infringement may also require us
to enter into costly royalty or license agreements or to
indemnify our customers. However, we may not be able to obtain
royalty or license
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agreements on terms acceptable to us or at all. We also may be
subject to significant damages or injunctions against the
development and sale of our products.
If we are unsuccessful in our litigation with Xerox, our
results of operations and financial condition could be
harmed.
We are engaged in a civil action brought by Xerox Corporation in
1997 in New York federal district court alleging willful
infringement of a Xerox patent by the Graffiti handwriting
recognition system employed in handheld devices operating the
Palm OS, as described in Note 17 to the consolidated
financial statements in this annual report. We cannot assure you
that Palm will prevail against this claim and we may be required
to pay Xerox significant damages or license fees and pay
significant amounts with respect to Palm OS licensees for their
losses. We are also contractually obligated to indemnify
PalmSource for the amount of any damages awarded in, or agreed
to in settlement of this litigation or for any claims brought
against PalmSource by its licensees as a result of this alleged
infringement. It may also result in other indirect costs and
expenses, such as significant diversion of management resources,
loss of reputation and goodwill, damage to our customer
relationships and declines in our stock price. In addition,
Xerox, unsuccessfully sought, but might again seek, an
injunction preventing us or Palm OS licensees from offering
products with Palm OS which include Graffiti handwriting
recognition software, even though we have largely transitioned
our products to a handwriting recognition software that does not
use Graffiti as well as to physical keyboards. Accordingly, if
Xerox is successful, our results of operations and financial
condition could be harmed.
We are subject to general commercial litigation and other
litigation claims as part of our operations, and we could suffer
significant litigation expenses in defending these claims and
could be subject to significant damage awards or other
remedies.
In the course of our business, we receive consumer protection
claims, general commercial claims related to the conduct of our
business and the performance of our products and services,
employment claims and other litigation claims. Any litigation
resulting from these claims could be costly and time-consuming
and could divert the attention of our management and key
personnel from our business operations. The complexity of the
technology involved and the uncertainty of consumer, commercial,
employment and other litigation increase these risks. We also
may be subject to significant damages or equitable remedies
regarding the development and sale of our products and operation
of our business.
Allegations of health risks associated with electromagnetic
fields and wireless communications devices, and the lawsuits and
publicity relating to them, regardless of merit, could adversely
impact our business, results of operations and financial
condition.
There has been public speculation about possible health risks to
individuals from exposure to electromagnetic fields, or radio
signals, from base stations and from the use of mobile devices.
While a substantial amount of scientific research by various
independent research bodies has indicated that these radio
signals, at levels within the limits prescribed by public health
authority standards and recommendations, present no evidence of
adverse effect to human health, we cannot assure you that future
studies, regardless of their scientific basis, will not suggest
a link between electromagnetic fields and adverse health
effects. Government agencies, international health organizations
and other scientific bodies are currently conducting research
into these issues. In addition, other mobile device companies
have been named in individual plaintiff and class action
lawsuits alleging that radio emissions from mobile phones have
caused or contributed to brain tumors and the use of mobile
phones pose a health risk. Although our products are certified
as meeting applicable public health authority safety standards
and recommendations, even a perceived risk of adverse health
effects from wireless communications devices could adversely
impact use of wireless communications devices and our
reputation, business, results of operations and financial
condition.
If third parties infringe our intellectual property or if we
are unable to secure and protect our intellectual property, we
may expend significant resources enforcing our rights or suffer
competitive injury.
Our success depends in large part on our proprietary technology
and other intellectual property rights. We recently made a
significant investment in acquiring the rights to the Palm and
related trademarks and will continue to invest in that brand and
in our patent portfolio.
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We rely on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks and
trade secrets, confidentiality provisions and licensing
arrangements to establish and protect our proprietary rights.
Our intellectual property, particularly our patents, may not
provide us a significant competitive advantage. If we fail to
protect or to enforce our intellectual property rights
successfully, our competitive position could suffer, which could
harm our results of operations.
Our pending patent and trademark applications for registration
may not be allowed, or others may challenge the validity or
scope of our patents or trademarks, including patent or
trademark applications or registrations. Even if our patents or
trademark registrations are issued and maintained, these patents
or trademarks may not be of adequate scope or benefit to us or
may be held invalid and unenforceable against third parties.
We may be required to spend significant resources to monitor and
police our intellectual property rights. Effective policing of
the unauthorized use of our products or intellectual property is
difficult and litigation may be necessary in the future to
enforce our intellectual property rights. Intellectual property
litigation is not only expensive, but time-consuming, regardless
of the merits of any claim, and could divert attention of our
management from operating the business. Despite our efforts, we
may not be able to detect infringement and may lose competitive
position in the market before we do so. In addition, competitors
may design around our technology or develop competing
technologies. Intellectual property rights may also be
unavailable or limited in some foreign countries, which could
make it easier for competitors to capture market share.
In the past, there have been leaks of proprietary information
associated with our intellectual property. We have implemented a
security plan to reduce the risk of future leaks of proprietary
information. We may not be successful in preventing those
responsible for past leaks of proprietary information from using
our technology to produce competing products or in preventing
future leaks of proprietary information.
Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, existing
laws, contractual provisions and remedies afford only limited
protection. Intellectual property lawsuits are subject to
inherent uncertainties due to, among other things, the
complexity of the technical issues involved, and we cannot
assure you that we will be successful in asserting intellectual
property claims. Attempts may be made to copy or reverse
engineer aspects of our products or to obtain and use
information that we regard as proprietary. Accordingly, we
cannot assure you that we will be able to protect our
proprietary rights against unauthorized third party copying or
use. The unauthorized use of our technology or of our
proprietary information by competitors could have an adverse
effect on our ability to sell our products.
We have an international presence in countries whose laws may
not provide protection of our intellectual property rights to
the same extent as the laws of the United States, which may make
it more difficult for us to protect our intellectual
property.
As part of our business strategy, we target countries with large
populations and propensities for adopting new technologies.
However, many of these targeted countries do not address
misappropriation of intellectual property or deter others from
developing similar, competing technologies or intellectual
property. Effective protection of patents, copyrights,
trademarks, trade secrets and other intellectual property may be
unavailable or limited in some foreign countries. In particular,
the laws of some foreign countries in which we do business may
not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent
as the laws of the United States. As a result, we may not be
able to effectively prevent competitors in these regions from
infringing our intellectual property rights, which would reduce
our competitive advantage and ability to compete in those
regions and negatively impact our business.
Our ability to utilize our net operating losses may be
limited if we engage in transactions which bring cumulative
change in ownership for Palm to 50% or more.
As a result of the acquisition of Handspring, we experienced a
change in our ownership of approximately 30%. If over a rolling
three-year period, the cumulative change in our ownership
exceeds 50%, our ability to utilize our net operating losses to
offset future taxable income may be limited. This would limit
the net operating loss available to offset taxable income each
year following the cumulative change in our ownership
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over 50%. In the event the usage of these net operating losses
is subject to limitation and we are profitable, our earnings and
cash flows could be adversely impacted due to our increased tax
liability.
Recently enacted and proposed changes in securities laws and
regulations have increased and will continue to increase our
costs.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 along with other recent and
proposed rules from the SEC and Nasdaq have required changes in
our corporate governance, public disclosure and compliance
practices. Many of these new requirements increase our legal and
financial compliance costs, and make some corporate actions more
difficult, such as proposing new or amendments to stock option
plans, which now require stockholder approval. For example,
compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
requires the commitment of significant resources to document and
review internal controls over financial reporting.
In addition, these developments could make it more difficult and
more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability
insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or
incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These
developments also could make it more difficult for us to attract
and retain qualified executive officers and qualified members of
our Board of Directors, particularly to serve on our audit
committee.
Changes in financial accounting standards or practices may
cause unexpected fluctuations in and adversely affect our
reported results of operations.
Any change in financial accounting standards or practices that
cause us to change the methodology or procedures by which we
track, calculate, record and report our results of operations or
financial condition or both could cause fluctuations in and
adversely affect our reported results of operations and cause
our historical financial information to not be reliable as an
indicator of future results. For example, in December 2004, the
FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R), which requires companies
to apply a fair-value-based measurement method in accounting for
shared-based payment transactions with employees and to record
compensation cost for all stock awards granted after the
required effective date and to awards modified, repurchased, or
cancelled after that date. In addition, the Company is required
to record compensation expense (as previous awards continue to
vest) for the unvested portion of previously granted awards that
remain outstanding at the date of adoption. SFAS 123(R)
will be effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15,
2005, which is Palms fiscal year 2007. The adoption of
SFAS 123(R) is expected to have a material impact on our
results of operations. If investors attempt to compare our
results with the results of other companies, our company and
valuation may appear less attractive, which could adversely
affect the market price of our common stock.
We may pursue strategic acquisitions and investments which
could have an adverse impact on our business if they are
unsuccessful.
We have made acquisitions in the past and will continue to
evaluate other acquisition opportunities that could provide us
with additional product or service offerings or with additional
industry expertise, assets and capabilities. Acquisitions could
result in difficulties integrating acquired operations and
products, technology, internal controls, personnel and
management teams and result in the diversion of capital and
managements attention away from other business issues and
opportunities. If we fail to successfully integrate
acquisitions, including timely integration of internal controls
to satisfy the requirements of Section 404 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, our business could be harmed. In
addition, our acquisitions may not be successful in achieving
our desired strategic objectives, which would also cause our
business to suffer. Acquisitions can also lead to large non-cash
charges that can have an adverse effect on our results of
operations as a result of write-offs for items such as acquired
in-process research and development, impairment of goodwill or
the recording of deferred stock-based compensation. In addition,
we have made strategic venture investments in other companies
that provide products and services that are complementary to
ours. If these investments are unsuccessful, this could have an
adverse impact on our results of operations and financial
condition.
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We may need or find it advisable to seek additional funding
which may not be available or which may result in substantial
dilution of the value of our common stock.
We currently believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents
and short-term investments will be sufficient to satisfy our
anticipated cash requirements for at least the next
12 months. We could be required to seek additional funding
if our expectations are not met.
Even if our expectations are met, we may find it advisable to
seek additional funding. If we seek additional funding, adequate
funds may not be available on favorable terms, or at all. If
adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, or at all,
we may be unable to adequately fund our business plans and it
could have a negative effect on our business, results of
operations and financial condition. In addition, if funds are
available, the issuance of equity securities or securities
convertible into equity could dilute the value of shares of our
common stock and cause the market price to fall and the issuance
of debt securities could impose restrictive covenants that could
impair our ability to engage in certain business transactions.
Our historical financial information may not be reliable as
an indicator of future results due to the spin-off of PalmSource
and the acquisition of Handspring. In addition, charges to
earnings resulting from the application of the purchase method
of accounting may adversely affect our results of operations.
The historical financial information for Palm, which includes
results of the PalmSource business as discontinued operations,
does not necessarily reflect what Palms financial
condition, results of operations and cash flows would have been
had the PalmSource business not been a part of Palm during
historical periods.
In accordance with United States generally accepted accounting
principles, we accounted for the acquisition of Handspring using
the purchase method of accounting. Under the purchase method of
accounting, we allocated the total purchase price to
Handsprings net tangible assets and amortizable intangible
assets, based on their fair values as of the effective date of
the acquisition of Handspring, and recorded the excess of the
purchase price over those fair values as goodwill. We will incur
depreciation and amortization expense over the useful lives of
certain of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired in
connection with the acquisition of Handspring which will have an
adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, to the
extent the value of goodwill becomes impaired, we may be
required to incur material charges relating to the impairment of
those assets that may adversely affect our results of operations.
We own land that is not currently being utilized in our
business. If our expected ability to ultimately recover the
carrying value of this land is impaired, we would incur a
non-cash charge against our results of operations.
We own approximately 39 acres of land in San Jose,
California which we do not plan to develop. In the third quarter
of fiscal year 2003, we reported an impairment charge to adjust
the carrying cost of the land to its then current fair market
value. While we currently have no immediate plans to sell this
property, a future sale or other disposition of the land at less
than its carrying value, or a further deterioration in market
values that impacts our expected recoverable value, would result
in a non-cash charge which would negatively impact our results
of operations.
Our future results could be harmed by economic, political,
regulatory and other risks associated with international sales
and operations.
Because we sell our products worldwide and most of the
facilities where our devices are manufactured, distributed and
supported are located outside the United States, our business is
subject to risks associated with doing business internationally,
such as:
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In addition, we are subject to changes in demand for our
products resulting from exchange rate fluctuations that make our
products relatively more or less expensive in international
markets. If exchange rate fluctuations occur, our business and
results of operations could be harmed by decreases in demand for
our products or reductions in margins.
While we sell our products worldwide, one component of our
strategy is to expand our sales efforts in China, India and
other countries with large populations and propensities for
adopting new technologies. We have limited experience with sales
and marketing in some of these countries. There can be no
assurance that we will be able to market and sell our products
in all of our targeted international markets. If our
international efforts are not successful, our business growth
and results of operations could be harmed.
We use third parties to provide significant operational and
administrative services, and our ability to satisfy our
customers and operate our business will suffer if the level of
services is interrupted or does not meet our requirements.
We use third parties to provide services such as data center
operations, desktop computer support and facilities services.
Should any of these third parties fail to deliver an adequate
level of service on a timely basis, our business could suffer.
Some of our operations rely upon electronic data systems
interfaces with third parties or upon the Internet to
communicate information. Interruptions in the availability and
functionality of systems interfaces or the Internet could
adversely impact the operations of these systems and
consequently our results of operations.
Business interruptions could adversely affect our
business.
Our operations and those of our suppliers and customers are
vulnerable to interruption by fire, hurricanes, earthquake,
power loss, telecommunications failure, computer viruses,
computer hackers, terrorist attacks, wars, health epidemics and
other natural disasters and events beyond our control. For
example, a significant part of our third-party manufacturing is
based in Taiwan that has experienced earthquakes and is
considered seismically active. In addition, the business
interruption insurance we carry may not be sufficient to
compensate us fully for losses or damages that may occur as a
result of such events. Any such losses or damages incurred by us
could have an adverse effect on our business.
Wars, terrorist attacks or other threats beyond our control
could negatively impact consumer confidence, which could harm
our operating results.
Wars, terrorist attacks or other threats beyond our control
could have an adverse impact on the United States and world
economy in general, and consumer confidence and spending in
particular, which could harm our business, results of operations
and financial condition.
PalmSource may be required to indemnify us for tax
liabilities we may incur in connection with the distribution of
PalmSource common stock to our stockholders, and we may be
required to indemnify PalmSource for specified taxes.
We received a private letter ruling from the Internal Revenue
Service, or IRS, to the effect that the distribution of the
shares of PalmSource common stock held by us to our stockholders
would not be taxable to our U.S. stockholders or us. This
ruling is generally binding on the IRS, subject to the
continuing accuracy of certain factual representations and
warranties. Although some facts have changed since the issuance
of the ruling, in the opinion of our tax counsel, these changes
will not adversely affect us. We are not aware of any material
change in the facts and circumstances of the distribution that
would call into question the validity of
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the ruling. Notwithstanding the receipt of the ruling described
above, the distribution may nonetheless be taxable to us under
Section 355(e) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended, if 50% or more of our stock or PalmSource stock is
acquired as part of a plan or series of related transactions
that include the PalmSource distribution.
Under the tax sharing agreement between PalmSource and us,
PalmSource would be required to indemnify us if the sale of
PalmSources common stock caused the distribution of
PalmSources common stock to be taxable to us. In addition,
under the tax sharing agreement, Palm has agreed to indemnify
PalmSource for certain taxes and similar obligations that
PalmSource could incur under certain circumstances. PalmSource
may not be able to adequately satisfy its indemnification
obligation under the tax sharing agreement. Finally, although
under the tax sharing agreement PalmSource is required to
indemnify us for taxes of PalmSource, we may be held jointly and
severally liable for taxes determined on a consolidated basis.
Risks Related to the Securities Markets and Ownership of Our
Common Stock
Our common stock price may be subject to significant
fluctuations and volatility.
The market price of our common stock has been subject to
significant fluctuations since the date of our initial public
offering. These fluctuations could continue. Among the factors
that could affect our stock price are:
The stock markets in general, and the markets for high
technology stocks in particular, have experienced high
volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating
performance of particular companies. These broad market
fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our
common stock.
Provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law and our
adoption of a stockholder rights plan may delay or prevent
acquisition of us, which could decrease the value of shares of
our common stock.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law
contain provisions that could make it more difficult for a third
party to acquire us without the consent of our Board of
Directors. These provisions include a classified Board of
Directors and limitations on actions by our stockholders by
written consent. Delaware law also imposes some restrictions on
mergers and other business combinations between us and any
holder of 15% or more of our outstanding common stock. In
addition, our Board of Directors has the right to issue
preferred stock without stockholder approval, which could be
used to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile
acquirer. Although we believe these provisions provide for an
opportunity to receive a higher bid by requiring potential
acquirers to negotiate with our Board of Directors, these
provisions apply even if the offer may be considered beneficial
by some stockholders.
Our Board of Directors adopted a stockholder rights plan,
pursuant to which we declared and paid a dividend of one right
for each share of common stock outstanding as of
November 6, 2000. Unless redeemed by us prior to the time
the rights are exercised, upon the occurrence of certain events,
the rights will entitle the holders to receive upon exercise of
the rights shares of our preferred stock, or shares of an
acquiring entity, having a value equal to twice the then-current
exercise price of the right. The issuance of the rights could
have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of
us.
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Interest Rate Sensitivity
We currently maintain an investment portfolio consisting mainly
of cash equivalents and short-term investments. These
available-for-sale securities are subject to interest rate risk
and will fall in value if market interest rates increase. The
objectives of our investment activities are to maintain the
safety of principal, assure sufficient liquidity and achieve
appropriate returns. This is accomplished by investing in
marketable investment grade securities and by limiting exposure
to any one issuance or issuer. We do not use derivative
financial investments in our investment portfolio. Our cash
equivalents are primarily money market funds and an immediate
and uniform increase in market interest rates of 100 basis
points from levels at May 31, 2005 would cause an
immaterial decline in the fair value of our cash equivalents. As
of May 31, 2005, we had short-term investments of
$234.5 million. Our investment portfolio primarily consists
of highly liquid investments with original maturities at the
date of purchase of greater than three months, and of marketable
equity securities. These available-for-sale investments,
consisting primarily of auction-rate securities, including
government, domestic and foreign corporate debt securities and
marketable equity securities, are subject to interest rate and
interest income risk and will decrease in value if market
interest rates increase. An immediate and uniform increase in
market interest rates of 100 basis points from levels at
May 31, 2005 would cause a decline of less than 1% in the
fair market value of our short-term investment portfolio. We
would expect our operating results or cash flows to be similarly
affected by such a change in market interest rates.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
We denominate our sales to certain European customers in the
Euro, in Pounds Sterling and in Swiss Francs. Expenses and other
transactions are also incurred in a variety of currencies. We
hedge certain balance sheet exposures and intercompany balances
against future movements in foreign currency exchange rates by
using foreign exchange forward contracts. Gains and losses on
the contracts are intended to offset foreign exchange gains or
losses from the revaluation of assets and liabilities
denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of
the reporting entity. Our foreign exchange forward contracts
generally mature within 30 days. We do not intend to
utilize derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.
Movements in currency exchange rates could cause variability in
our revenues, expenses or interest and other income (expense).
Equity Price Risk
As of May 31, 2005 we do not own any material equity
investments. Therefore, we do not currently have any material
direct equity price risk.
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Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial
Statement Schedule
All other schedules are omitted, because they are not required,
are not applicable, or the information is included in the
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Palm, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
Palm, Inc. (formerly palmOne, Inc.) and subsidiaries (the
Company) as of May 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related
consolidated statements of operations, stockholders
equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended May 31, 2005. Our audits also included the financial
statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15. These
financial statements and financial statement schedule are the
responsibility of the Companys management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial
statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are
free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of
Palm, Inc. and subsidiaries at May 31, 2005 and 2004, and
the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of
the three years in the period ended May 31, 2005, in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial
statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic
consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents
fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth
therein.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the
effectiveness of the Companys internal control over
financial reporting as of May 31, 2005, based on the
criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated
July 27, 2005 expressed an unqualified opinion on
managements assessment of the effectiveness of the
Companys internal control over financial reporting and an
unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys
internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
San Jose, California
July 27, 2005
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Palm, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Palm, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except par value amounts)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Palm, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders Equity
(In thousands)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Palm, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Palm, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Palm, Inc. (formerly palmOne, Inc.), or Palm or the Company,
develops, markets and sells a family of mobile computing
solutions.
Palm was incorporated in 1992 as Palm Computing, Inc. In 1995,
the Company was acquired by U.S. Robotics Corporation. In
1996, the Company sold its first handheld computer, quickly
establishing a significant position in the handheld computing
industry. In 1997, 3Com Corporation, or 3Com, acquired
U.S. Robotics. In 1999, 3Com announced its intent to
separate the handheld device business from 3Coms business
to form an independent, publicly traded company. In preparation
for that spin-off, Palm Computing, Inc. changed its name to
Palm, Inc., or Palm, and was reincorporated in Delaware in
December 1999. In March 2000, Palm sold shares in an initial
public offering and concurrent private placements. In July 2000,
3Com distributed its remaining shares of Palm common stock to
3Com stockholders.
In December 2001, Palm formed PalmSource, Inc., or PalmSource, a
stand-alone subsidiary for its operating system business. On
October 28, 2003, Palm distributed all of the shares of
PalmSource common stock held by Palm to Palm stockholders. On
October 29, 2003 Palm acquired Handspring, Inc. and changed
its name to palmOne, Inc., or palmOne.
In connection with the spin-off of PalmSource, the Palm
Trademark Holding Company, LLC, was formed to hold all trade
names, trademarks, service marks and domain names containing the
word or letter string palm. In May 2005, the Company
acquired PalmSources interest in the Palm Trademark
Holding Company, LLC, including the Palm trademark and brand,
for $30.0 million, payable over 3.5 years. In July
2005, the Company changed its name back to Palm, Inc., or Palm.
As a result of the distribution, the Companys historical
consolidated financial statements were retroactively adjusted to
account for PalmSource as discontinued operations for all
periods presented in accordance with Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 144, Accounting for
the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. While these
reclassifications result in changes to certain previously
reported amounts, the total and per share amounts of loss have
not changed from the amounts reported previously. Unless
otherwise indicated, the Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements relate to the Companys continuing operations
(See Note 3 to consolidated financial statements).
Commencing with the date of acquisition, October 29, 2003,
the Handspring assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well
as the results of Handsprings operations are included in
our consolidated financial statements. (See Note 4 to
consolidated financial statements).
Prior to the spin-off of PalmSource and the acquisition of
Handspring, the Companys business comprised two reporting
segments: the Solutions Group business and the PalmSource
business. As a result of the PalmSource distribution, the
PalmSource reporting segment was eliminated as of the quarter
ended November 30, 2003. The continuing business of Palm
operates in one reportable segment which develops, designs and
markets mobile computing solutions and related accessories,
services and software.
On October 15, 2002, Palm effected a one-for-twenty reverse
stock split. All share and per share information reflect this
information.
Palms 52-53 week fiscal year ends on the Friday
nearest to May 31. Fiscal year 2005 contained
53 weeks, while fiscal years 2004 and 2003 each contained
52 weeks. For presentation purposes, the periods have been
presented as ending on May 31.
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The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States of America requires management to make
judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts
reported in Palms consolidated financial statements and
accompanying notes. The Company bases its estimates and
judgments on historical experience and on various other
assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the
circumstances. However, future events are subject to change and
the best estimates and judgments routinely require adjustment.
The amounts of assets and liabilities reported in the
Companys balance sheets and the amounts of revenues and
expenses reported for each of its fiscal periods are affected by
estimates and assumptions which are used for, but not limited
to, the accounting for rebates, price protection, product
returns, allowance for doubtful accounts, warranty and technical
service costs, royalties, land not in use, goodwill and
intangible asset impairments, restructurings, inventory and
income taxes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of
Palm and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances
and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to
the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no
impact on previously reported results.
Cash equivalents are highly liquid debt investments acquired
with remaining maturities of three months or less. Short-term
investments are highly liquid investments with original
maturities at the date of purchase of greater than three months,
and of marketable equity securities. While Palms intent is
to hold such securities to maturity, consistent with SFAS
No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and
Equity Securities, all securities are classified as
available-for sale, since these securities are available for
current operations, if required. Such securities are recorded at
market value using the specific identification method with
unrealized gains and losses included as a component of other
comprehensive income. The cost of securities sold is based on
the specific identification method. Premiums and discounts are
amortized over the period from acquisition to maturity and are
included in interest and other income (expense), along with
interest and dividends. In the third quarter of fiscal year
2005, the Company began to classify its investment in
auction-rate securities as short-term investments. These
investments were included in cash and cash equivalents in
previous periods ($104.5 million at May 31, 2004), and
such amounts have been reclassified in the accompanying
financial statements to conform to the current period
presentation. This change in classification had no effect on the
amounts of total current assets, total assets, net income or
cash flow from operations of the Company.
The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on Palms
assessment of the collectibility of specific customer accounts
and an assessment of international, political and economic risk
as well as the aging of the accounts receivable.
Financial instruments which potentially subject Palm to credit
risk consist of cash, cash equivalents and short-term
investments which are invested in highly liquid instruments in
accordance with Palms investment policy. Palm sells the
majority of its products through distributors, retailers,
resellers and wireless carriers. While a significant portion of
Palms accounts receivable is concentrated with a few
customers as shown below, generally credit risk is diversified
due to the number of entities comprising Palms customer
base and their dispersion across different geographic locations
throughout the world. Palm generally sells on open account and
performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers
financial condition.
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The following individual customers accounted for 10% or more of
total revenue from continuing operations for the years ended
May 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003:
The following individual customers accounted for 10% or more of
net accounts receivable:
Inventory purchases and purchase commitments are based upon
forecasts of future demand. Palm values its inventory at the
lower of standard cost (which approximates first-in, first-out
cost) or market. If Palm believes that demand no longer allows
it to sell its inventory above cost, or at all, then Palm writes
down that inventory to market or writes off excess inventory
levels.
Investments for committed tenant improvements consist of money
market funds. These investments are carried at cost, which
approximates fair value, and are restricted as to withdrawal to
satisfy the corresponding obligation, provision for committed
tenant improvements. Investments for committed tenant
improvements are held in brokerage accounts in Palms name.
Restricted investments consist of certificates of deposit with
maturities of six months or less. These investments are carried
at cost, which approximates fair value, and are restricted as to
withdrawal.
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Costs related to
internal use software are capitalized in accordance with AICPA
Statement of Position, or SOP, No. 98-1, Accounting for
the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for
Internal Use. Depreciation and amortization are computed
over the shorter of the estimated useful lives, lease or license
terms on a straight-line basis (generally three to five years).
Land not in use is held at cost reduced by impairment charges
recorded as the result of declines in market value. (See
Note 7 to consolidated financial statements.)
Palm evaluates the recoverability of goodwill annually, or more
frequently if impairment indicators arise, as required under
SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment by applying a
fair-value-based test at the reporting unit level within the
Companys single reporting segment. A goodwill impairment
loss is recorded for any goodwill that is determined to be
impaired. Under SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the
Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, intangible assets are
evaluated whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate
that the carrying value of the asset may be impaired. An
impairment loss is recognized for an intangible asset to the
extent that the assets carrying value exceeds its fair
value, which is determined based upon the estimated undiscounted
future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset,
including disposition. Cash flow estimates used in evaluating
for impairment represent managements best estimates using
appropriate assumptions and projections at the time.
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Costs for the development of new software and substantial
enhancements to existing software are expensed as incurred until
technological feasibility has been established, at which time
any additional development costs would be capitalized. Palm
believes its current process for developing software is
essentially completed concurrent with the establishment of
technological feasibility; accordingly, no costs have been
capitalized to date.
Investments in equity securities with readily available fair
values are considered available-for-sale and recorded at cost,
in other assets, with subsequent unrealized gains or losses
included as a component of other comprehensive income (loss).
Investments in equity securities whose fair values are not
readily available and for which Palm does not have the ability
to exercise significant influence over the investees
operating and financial policies are recorded at cost,
$1.0 million at May 31, 2005 and 2004. Palm evaluates
its investments in equity securities on a regular basis and
records an impairment charge to other interest income
(expense) when the decline in the fair value below the cost
basis is judged to be other-than-temporary.
Revenue is recognized when earned in accordance with applicable
accounting standards and guidance, including Staff Accounting
Bulletin, or SAB, No. 104, Revenue Recognition, and
AICPA SOP No. 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as
amended. Palm recognizes revenues from sales of mobile computing
devices under the terms of the customer agreement upon transfer
of title to the customer, net of estimated returns, provided
that collection is determined to be probable and no significant
obligations remain. Sales to resellers are subject to agreements
allowing for limited rights of return, rebates and price
protection. Accordingly, revenue is reduced based on Palms
estimates of liability related to these rights at the time the
related sale is recorded. The estimates for returns are adjusted
periodically based upon historical rates of returns, inventory
levels in the channel and other related factors. The estimates
and reserves for rebates and price protection are based on
specific programs, expected usage and historical experience.
Revenue from software arrangements with end users is recognized
upon delivery of the software, provided that collection is
determined to be probable and no significant obligations remain.
Deferred revenue is recorded for post contract support and any
other future deliverables, and is recognized over the support
period or as the elements of the agreement are delivered. Vendor
specific objective evidence of the fair value of the elements
contained in software arrangements is based on the price
determined by management having the relevant authority when the
element is not yet sold separately, but is expected to be sold
in the marketplace within six months of the initial
determination of the price by management.
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and were
$79.3 million, $63.0 million and $66.9 million
for fiscal years 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Included
within total advertising costs are marketing development funds
paid to channel customers for which Palm receives identifiable
benefits whose fair value can be reasonably estimated and which
are expensed in the period the related revenue is recognized.
Palm accrues for warranty costs based on historical rates of
repair as a percentage of shipment levels and the expected
repair cost per unit, service policies and any known warranty
issues.
Effective for calendar year 2003, in accordance with
SFAS No. 146, Accounting for Costs Associated with
Exit or Disposal Activities, which supersedes Emerging
Issues Task Force, or EITF, Issue No. 94-3, Liability
Recognition for Costs to Exit an Activity (Including Certain
Costs Incurred in a Restructuring),
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Palm records liabilities for costs associated with exit or
disposal activities when the liability is incurred instead of at
the date of commitment to an exit or disposal activity. Prior to
calendar year 2003, in accordance with EITF Issue No. 94-3,
Palm accrued for restructuring costs when it made a commitment
to a firm exit plan that specifically identified all significant
actions to be taken. Palm records initial restructuring charges
based on assumptions and related estimates it deems appropriate
for the economic environment at the time these estimates are
made. Palm reassesses restructuring accruals on a quarterly
basis to reflect changes in the costs of the restructuring
activities, and records new restructuring accruals as
liabilities are incurred.
Income tax expense for the years ended May 31, 2005, 2004
and 2003 is based on pre-tax financial accounting income or
loss. Prior to October 29, 2003, Palms consolidated
federal, state and foreign income tax returns included the
operating results of PalmSource. Deferred tax assets represent
temporary differences that will result in deductible amounts in
future years, including net operating loss carryforwards,
deferred expenses and tax credit carryforwards. A valuation
allowance reduces deferred tax assets to estimated realizable
value, based on estimates, non-expiring credits and certain tax
planning strategies. The carrying value of Palms net
deferred tax assets assumes that it is more likely than not that
Palm will be able to generate sufficient future taxable income
in certain tax jurisdictions to realize the net carrying value.
The valuation allowance is reviewed quarterly and will be
maintained until sufficient positive evidence exists to support
the reversal of the valuation allowance based upon current and
preceding years results of operations and anticipated
profit levels in future years.
For non-U.S. subsidiaries with their local currency as
their functional currency, assets and liabilities are translated
to U.S. dollars, monthly, at exchange rates as of the
balance sheet date, and revenues, expenses, gains and losses are
translated, monthly, at average exchange rates during the
period. Resulting foreign currency translation adjustments are
included as a component of other comprehensive income.
For Palm entities with the U.S. dollar as the functional
currency, foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities
are translated to U.S. dollars at the year-end exchange
rates except for inventories, prepaid expenses, and property and
equipment, which are translated at historical exchange rates.
Palm conducts business on a global basis in several currencies.
As such, Palm is exposed to movements in foreign currency
exchange rates. Palm enters into foreign exchange forward
contracts to minimize the short-term impact of foreign currency
fluctuations on foreign currency receivables, investments, and
payables. Gains and losses on the contracts offset foreign
exchange gains or losses from the revaluation of intercompany
balances or other current assets, investments, and liabilities
denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of
the reporting entity. Palms foreign exchange forward
contracts relate to current assets and liabilities and generally
mature within 30 days. Palm did not hold derivative
financial instruments for trading purposes during the years
ended May 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003.
Palm has employee stock plans, which are described more fully in
Note 13 to consolidated financial statements. Palm accounts
for awards under its employee stock plans under the intrinsic
value method prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion,
or APB, No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees, and Financial Accounting Standards Board
Interpretation, or FIN, No. 44, Accounting for Certain
Transactions Involving Stock Compensation (an Interpretation of
APB No. 25), and has adopted the disclosure-only
provisions of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for
Stock-Based Compensation. The Company accounts for equity
instruments issued to non-employees in accordance with the
provisions of SFAS No. 123 and related guidance.
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In accordance with APB No. 25, Palm generally recognizes no
compensation expense with respect to shares issued under its
employee stock purchase plan and options granted to employees
and directors under its stock option plans, collectively
referred to as options. The Companys stock
option plan also allows for the issuance of restricted stock
awards, under which shares of common stock are issued at par
value to key employees, subject to certain restrictions, and for
which compensation expense equal to the fair market value on the
date of the grant is recognized over the vesting period.
Pursuant to FIN No. 44, options assumed in a purchase
business combination are valued at the date of acquisition at
their fair value calculated using the Black-Scholes option
valuation model. The fair value of the assumed options is
included as part of the purchase price. The intrinsic value
attributable to the unvested options is recorded as unearned
stock-based compensation and amortized over the remaining
vesting period of the related options.
The following table illustrates the effect on net income (loss)
and net income (loss) per share if Palm had elected to recognize
stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the
options granted to employees at the date of grant as prescribed
by SFAS No. 123. For the purpose of this pro forma
disclosure, the estimated fair value of the options is assumed
to be amortized to expense over the options vesting
periods, using the multiple option approach.
SFAS No. 123 requires the use of option valuation
models that were not developed for use in valuing employee stock
options. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed
for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have
no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition,
option valuation models require the input of highly subjective
assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility.
Because options held by Palm employees and directors have
characteristics significantly different from those of traded
options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions
can materially affect the fair value estimate, in the opinion of
management, the existing models do not necessarily provide a
reliable single measure of the fair value of these options. See
Note 13 to consolidated financial statements for a
discussion of the assumptions used in the option valuation model
and estimated fair value for employee stock options.
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Basic net income (loss) from continuing operations, loss from
discontinued operations and net income (loss) per share are
calculated based on the weighted average shares of common stock
outstanding during the period, excluding shares of restricted
stock subject to repurchase. Diluted loss from continuing
operations, loss from discontinued operations and net loss per
share for the years ended May 31, 2004 and 2003 are
calculated based on the weighted average shares of common stock
outstanding excluding shares of restricted stock subject to
repurchase, because the effect of restricted stock subject to
repurchase and stock options and warrants outstanding,
calculated using the treasury stock method, would have been
anti-dilutive. Diluted income from continuing operations and
diluted net income per share for the year ended May 31,
2005 are calculated based on the weighted average shares of
common stock outstanding during the period, plus the dilutive
effect of shares of restricted stock subject to repurchase,
stock options and warrants outstanding, calculated using the
treasury stock method.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and
diluted net income (loss) per share for fiscal year 2005, 2004
and 2003.
For the years ended May 31, 2004 and 2003 approximately
1,569,000 and 54,000 common equivalent shares were excluded from
the computations of diluted loss from continuing operations,
diluted loss from discontinued operations and diluted net loss
per share, respectively. For the year ended May 31, 2005,
approximately 2,044,000 weighted options to purchase Palm common
stock were excluded from the computations of diluted income from
continuing operations and net income per share because these
options exercise prices were above the average market
price during the period and the effect of including such stock
options would have been anti-dilutive.
Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss) plus
net unrealized loss on investments, recognized losses included
in earnings and accumulated foreign currency translation
adjustments and is presented in the statement of
stockholders equity.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R),
Share-Based Payment. This statement replaces
SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation and supersedes APB No. 25, Accounting
for Stock Issued to Employees. SFAS 123(R) requires
companies to apply a fair-value-based measurement method in
accounting for shared-based payment transactions with employees
and to record compensation cost for all
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stock awards granted after the required effective date and to
awards modified, repurchased, or cancelled after that date. In
addition, the Company is required to record compensation expense
(as previous awards continue to vest) for the unvested portion
of previously granted awards that remain outstanding at the date
of adoption. SFAS 123(R) will be effective for years
beginning after June 15, 2005, which is Palms fiscal
year 2007. Management has not yet determined the impact that
SFAS 123(R) will have on its financial position, results of
operations and statement of cash flows, but expects that the
impact will be material.
On October 28, 2003, the Companys stockholders
formally approved a plan that included the PalmSource
distribution and the Handspring acquisition. Accordingly, the
historical consolidated financial statements of Palm have been
retroactively adjusted to account for PalmSource as discontinued
operations for all periods presented in accordance with
SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or
Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. The discontinued operations
data reflects the historical assets and liabilities, results of
operations and cash flows of PalmSource, the Palm OS platform
and licensing business segment of Palm, as of and during each
respective period presented. No gain or loss was recorded as a
result of the PalmSource distribution.
Loss from discontinued operations included PalmSource net
revenues of $11.1 million and $34.3 million for the
years ended May 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Also
included in loss from discontinued operations are allocated
corporate expenses and historical consolidated separation costs
that ceased after the PalmSource distribution of
$5.2 million and $9.3 million for the years ended
May 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Cash flows relating to
the discontinued operations of PalmSource have been excluded
from the cash flows of the Company based on the separate assets
(including cash) and liabilities of PalmSource. For the year
ended May 31, 2003, these operations used cash of
$9.1 million, investing activities used cash of
$3.3 million, and financing activities raised cash of
$20.0 million through the sale of preferred stock in
PalmSource. For the period through the distribution on
October 28, 2003, the separate operating cash outflow of
PalmSource was $4.6 million.
On October 29, 2003, Palm acquired Handspring, a leading
provider of smartphones and communicators, exchanging 0.09 of a
share of Palm common stock for each outstanding share of
Handspring common stock and assuming outstanding options and
warrants to purchase Handspring common stock based on this same
exchange ratio. The exchange ratio for the acquisition was
determined based on an arms length negotiation between
Palm and Handspring. The Handspring acquisition resulted in the
issuance of approximately 13.6 million shares of Palm
common stock. The purchase price of $249.9 million is
comprised of (a) approximately $209.2 million
representing the fair value of Palm common stock issued to
former Handspring stockholders, (b) $28.0 million
representing the estimated fair value of Handspring options and
warrants assumed using the Black-Scholes option valuation model,
(c) $6.5 million of direct transaction costs and
(d) $6.2 million of other liabilities directly related
to the acquisition.
The fair value of the Palm common stock issued was determined
using a per share price of $15.4060 per share based upon
the closing prices of Palm common stock within a range of
trading days beginning with the first trading day subsequent to
the PalmSource distribution (October 29,
2003November 4, 2003).
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The fair value of the vested options, unvested options and
warrants assumed were valued using the Black-Scholes option
valuation model with the following weighted average assumptions:
The $6.2 million of other liabilities directly related to
the Handspring acquisition includes $1.8 million related to
workforce reductions primarily in the United States, of
approximately 50 Handspring employees, $3.7 million related
to Handspring facilities not intended for use for Palm
operations and therefore considered excess, and
$0.7 million related to other miscellaneous charges
incurred as a result of the acquisition which will not benefit
Palm in the future. As of May 31, 2004, the Company
adjusted the initial estimate of liabilities directly related to
the acquisition as a result of greater costs than originally
estimated for employee termination benefits and costs to exit
certain facilities. All adjustments were recorded as a net
increase in goodwill. As of May 31, 2005, the workforce
reductions were complete and the Company adjusted the estimated
costs for employee termination benefits and costs to exit
certain facilities.
Accrued liabilities recognized in connection with the Handspring
acquisition consist of (in thousands):
The Handspring acquisition was accounted for as a purchase
pursuant to SFAS No. 141, Business
Combinations. Pursuant to SFAS No. 142,
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill related to
the acquisition is not amortized and is tested at least annually
for impairment. The goodwill for the Handspring acquisition is
not deductible for tax purposes. The consolidated financial
statements of Palm include the operating results of the acquired
Handspring business from the date of acquisition.
The purchase price of this business combination was allocated to
tangible assets net of assumed liabilities and to identifiable
intangible assets based on the valuation, generally using a
discounted cash flow approach, of
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contracts and customer relationships, customer backlog, product
technology, trademarks and non-compete covenants as follows (in
thousands):
Certain adjustments were made to goodwill subsequent to the
acquisition date and are described in Note 9 to the
consolidated financial statements.
The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents
the combined results of operations of Palm and Handspring as if
the Handspring acquisition had occurred as of the beginning of
the periods presented. Due to different historical fiscal period
ends for Palm and Handspring, the pro forma results combine the
results of Palm with the historical results of Handspring as
follows:
This unaudited pro forma financial information includes an
adjustment of $3.6 million and $12.9 million for the
years ended May 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, reflecting
amortization of purchased intangible assets and deferred stock
based-compensation, that would have been recorded if the
acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the period
presented. The unaudited pro forma financial information is not
intended to represent or be indicative of the consolidated
results of operations or financial condition of Palm that would
have been reported had the acquisition been completed as of the
beginning of the period presented, and should not be
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taken as representative of the future consolidated results of
operations or financial condition of Palm. Pro forma results for
the years ended May 31, 2004 and 2003 were (in thousands,
except per share amounts):
The Companys cash and available-for-sale and restricted
investments are as follows (in thousands):
Due to the short-term nature of these investments, the carrying
value approximates fair value. The unrealized losses on these
investments were primarily due to interest rate fluctuations and
are considered to be temporary in nature.
The net unrealized losses above of $460,000 are net of
unrealized gains of $62,000. In accordance with EITF 03-1,
The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its
Application to Certain Investments, the following table
summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses related to
available-for-sale securities, aggregated by investment category
and length of time that individual securities have been in a
continuous unrealized loss position, at May 31, 2005:
Palms unrealized loss positions at May 31, 2004 are
less than twelve months in age.
In the third quarter of fiscal year 2005, the Company
reclassified its investment in auction-rate securities as
short-term investments. These investments were included in cash
and equivalents in previous periods ($104.5 million at
May 31, 2004), and such amounts have been reclassified in
the accompanying consolidated financial statements to conform to
the current period classification. This change in classification
had no effect on the amounts of total current assets, total
assets, net income or cash flow from operations of the Company.
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Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):
Land not in use, approximately 39 acres located in
San Jose, California, was land on which Palm had previously
planned to build its new corporate headquarters. At the
initiation of a seven-year master lease agreement during the
second quarter of fiscal year 2001, the lessor acquired the land
for Palms future headquarters. Due to the uncertain
economic environment and changes to its business, in the fourth
quarter of fiscal year 2001, Palm decided not to go forward with
the lease commitment or construction of the future headquarters
facility. Pursuant to the terms of the master lease agreement,
upon termination of the agreement, Palm was required to exercise
its option to purchase the land from the lessor at the
lessors full initial purchase price. As a result, in the
fourth quarter of fiscal year 2001, Palm incurred an impairment
charge of $59.0 million related to the land, consisting of
the difference in the value of the land at that date and
Palms purchase price. The land was classified as held for
sale as of May 31, 2001 but ceased to be actively marketed
during fiscal year 2002 and was reclassified as land not in use.
During the third quarter of the year ended May 31, 2003,
Palm incurred an additional impairment charge of
$100.0 million related to the land. Market conditions for
commercial real estate in the Silicon Valley had further
deteriorated since the land was acquired in May 2001 and the
Company determined that it would not expect to hold the land as
long as would be required to realize a $160.0 million
carrying value. As a result the Company reviewed the carrying
value of the land for impairment. Accordingly, Palm has adjusted
the carrying value of the land to its fair market value at
February 2003 of $60.0 million. The Company currently has
no plans to sell the land within the next twelve months.
Property and equipment, net, consist of the following (in
thousands):
Palm adopted SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets, as of the first day of fiscal year 2002.
As defined by SFAS No. 142, upon adoption the Company
identified two reporting units (the Solutions Group and
PalmSource) and allocated goodwill to each unit. PalmSource was
subsequently distributed to the Companys stockholders in
October 2003 as described in Note 3 to consolidated
financial statements. During the fourth quarter of fiscal years
2005 and 2004, Palm completed its annual impairment test, and
there was no impairment indicated.
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Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are (in thousands):
Goodwill adjustments in fiscal year 2004 of approximately
$2.0 million primarily consist of adjustments to the
initial estimate of liabilities directly related to the
Handspring acquisition as a result of greater costs than
originally estimated for employee termination benefits and costs
to exit certain facilities. Goodwill adjustments during fiscal
year 2005 of approximately $8.2 million are primarily the
result of the release of the valuation allowance on a portion of
the deferred tax assets associated with the Handspring
acquisition and adjustments to the initial estimate of
liabilities directly related to the Handspring acquisition as a
result of lower costs than originally estimated for employee
termination benefits and costs to exit certain facilities
partially offset by the settlement of pre-acquisition litigation
and adjustment to the Companys estimated royalty
obligations. The Company will continue to adjust goodwill as
required for changes in the value of deferred tax assets
associated with the Handspring acquisition.
Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):
Amortization expense related to intangible assets was
$7.8 million, $8.7 million and $1.1 million for
the years ended May 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Estimated future amortization expense is $4.6 million for
fiscal year 2006 and approximately $1.4 million for each
year thereafter through fiscal year 2025.
In May 2005, Palm acquired PalmSources 55 percent
share of the Palm Trademark Holding Company resulting in full
rights to the brand name Palm. The rights to the brand had been
co-owned by the two companies since the October 2003 spin-off of
PalmSource from Palm, Inc. Under the agreement, Palm will pay
$30.0 million in installments over 3.5 years (net
present value of $27.2 million) and has granted PalmSource
certain rights to Palm trademarks for PalmSource and its
licensees for a four-year transition period.
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Other accrued liabilities consist of the following (in
thousands):
Certain Palm facilities are leased under operating leases.
Leases expire at various dates through September 2011, and
certain facility leases have renewal options with rentals based
upon changes in the Consumer Price Index or the fair market
rental value of the property.
Future minimum lease payments, including facilities vacated as
part of restructuring activities, are as follows (in thousands):
Rent expense was $7.0 million, $6.1 million and
$8.6 million for fiscal years 2005, 2004 and 2003,
respectively. In conjunction with its restructuring activities,
the Company is attempting to sublease certain excess space, the
proceeds from which would partially offset the Companys
future minimum lease commitments. Future minimum lease
receivables under subleases are as follows (in thousands):
The estimated sublease income is not deducted from the above
table of future minimum lease payments. Sublease income was
approximately $2.0 million, $0.3 million and
$0.4 million for fiscal years 2005, 2004 and 2003,
respectively. Although Palm has subleased some of its excess
facilities, the Company has guaranteed to the landlord the
commitments above in the event the sublessor defaults from its
obligations.
In December 2001, Palm issued a subordinated convertible note in
the principal amount of $50.0 million to Texas Instruments.
In connection with the PalmSource distribution on
October 28, 2003, the note was
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canceled and divided into two separate obligations, Palm
retained $35.0 million and the remainder was assumed by
PalmSource. The note bears interest at 5.0% per annum, is
due in December 2006 and is convertible into Palm common stock
at an effective conversion price of $64.60 per share. Palm
may force a conversion at any time, provided its common stock
has traded above $99.48 per share for a defined period of
time. In the event Palm distributes significant assets, Palm may
be required to repay a portion of the note. The note agreement
defines certain events of default pursuant to which the full
amount of the note plus interest could become due and payable.
In May 2005, Palm acquired PalmSources 55 percent
share of the Palm Trademark Holding Company resulting in full
rights to the brand name Palm. The rights to the brand had been
co-owned by the two companies since the October 2003 spin-off of
PalmSource from Palm, Inc. Palm will pay $30.0 million in
installments over 3.5 years and has granted PalmSource
certain rights to Palm trademarks for PalmSource and its
licensees for a four-year transition period. As of May 31,
2005, the remaining amount due to PalmSource is
$22.5 million.
Palm has a patent and license agreement with a third party
vendor under which Palm is committed to pay $2.7 million in
fiscal year 2006.
Palm has an agreement with PalmSource that grants Palm certain
licenses to develop, manufacture, test, maintain and support its
products. This agreement was renewed in May 2005, providing for
continued development and marketing of Palm products based on
the PalmSource operating system through 2009. Under the
agreement, Palm agreed to pay PalmSource license and royalty
fees based upon net revenue of its products which incorporate
PalmSources software, as well as a source code license and
maintenance and support fees. The source code license fee was
$6.0 million paid in three equal annual installments of
$2.0 million each in June 2003, June 2004 and June 2005.
The source code license fee was reduced to $1.2 million and
is payable in three equal annual installments of
$0.4 million each in June 2006, June 2007 and June 2008
under the amended license agreement. Annual maintenance and
support fees were approximately $0.7 million per year. The
agreement includes a minimum annual royalty and license
commitment of $41.0 million, $42.5 million,
$35.0 million, $20.0 million and $10.0 million
for the contract years ending December 3, 2005,
December 3, 2006, December 3, 2007, December 3,
2008 and December 3, 2009, respectively.
In addition to the PalmSource agreement described above, Palm
accrues for royalty obligations for its mobile communications
and handheld devices based on either unit shipments or a
percentage of applicable revenue for the net sales of products
using certain software technologies. Palm recognizes royalty
obligations as determinable in accordance with license agreement
terms. Where agreements are not finalized, accrued royalty
obligations represent managements best estimates using
appropriate assumptions and projections at the time based on
negotiations with the third parties. Palm has accrued royalty
obligations of $32.0 million as of May 31, 2005 which
are reported in other accrued liabilities and includes
$29.7 million of estimated royalties. The status of each
negotiation differs, and the amounts accrued as the expected
royalty obligations are not necessarily the same as the amounts
requested by the licensors as of that date. When agreements are
finalized, the estimates will be revised accordingly. While the
amounts ultimately agreed upon may be more or less than the
current accrual, management does not believe that finalization
of the agreements would have had a material impact on the
amounts reported for its financial position as of May 31,
2005 or for the reported results for the year then ended;
however, the effect of finalization in the future may be
significant in the interim period in which it is recorded.
Palm utilizes contract manufacturers to build its products.
These contract manufacturers acquire components and build
product based on demand forecast information supplied by Palm,
which typically covers a rolling 12-month period. Consistent
with industry practice, Palm acquires inventories through a
combination of formal purchase orders, supplier contracts and
open orders based on projected demand information. Such formal
and informal purchase commitments typically cover Palms
forecasted component and manufacturing requirements for periods
ranging from 30 to 90 days. In certain instances, these
agreements allow Palm the option to cancel, reschedule and
adjust its requirements based on its business needs prior to
firm orders being placed. Consequently, only a portion of
Palms purchase commitments arising from these agreements
may be
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non-cancelable and unconditional commitments. As of May 31,
2005, Palms commitments to third party manufacturers for
inventory on-hand and component purchase commitments related to
the manufacture of Palm products are approximately
$124.5 million.
In August 2003, Palm entered into a two-year, $30.0 million
revolving credit line with Silicon Valley Bank, or SVB, which
was amended and restated to extend the term one more year. The
credit line is secured by assets of Palm, including but not
limited to cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments,
accounts receivable, inventory and property and equipment. The
interest rate is equal to SVBs prime rate (6.0% at
May 31, 2005) or, at Palms election subject to
specific requirements, equal to LIBOR plus 1.75% (5.01% at
May 31, 2005). The interest rate may vary based on
fluctuations in market rates. Palm is subject to a financial
covenant requirement under the credit line agreement to maintain
cash on deposit and short-term investments in the United States
of not less than $100.0 million. As of May 31, 2005
Palm had used its credit line to support the issuance of letters
of credit of $9.2 million.
As part of the agreements with 3Com relating to Palms
separation from 3Com, Palm agreed to assume liabilities arising
out of the Xerox and E-Pass Technologies litigation and to
indemnify 3Com for any damages it may incur related to these
cases. (See Note 17 to consolidated financial statements.)
As part of the agreements with PalmSource relating to the
PalmSource distribution, Palm agreed to assume liabilities
arising out of the Xerox litigation and to indemnify PalmSource
and PalmSources licensees if any claim is brought against
either of them alleging infringement of the Xerox patent by
covered operating system versions for any damages it may incur
related to this case. (See Note 17 to consolidated
financial statements.)
Under the indemnification provisions of Palms standard
reseller agreements and software license agreements, Palm agrees
to defend the reseller/licensee against third party claims
asserting infringement by Palms products of certain
intellectual property rights, which may include patents,
copyrights, trademarks or trade secrets, and to pay any
judgments entered on such claims against the reseller/licensee.
Under the indemnification provisions of Palms purchase
agreement for the Palm brand and amended and restated trademark
license agreement with PalmSource, Palm agrees to defend and
indemnify PalmSource and its affiliates for any losses incurred
as a result of the representations contained in the applicable
agreements, limited at $25.0 million for each agreement.
We indemnify our directors and certain of our current and former
officers for third-party claims. Certain costs incurred for
providing such indemnification may be recovered under various
insurance policies. We are unable to reasonably estimate the
maximum amount that could be payable under these arrangements
since these exposures are not capped and due to the conditional
nature of our obligations and the unique facts and circumstances
involved in each agreement. Historically, payments made under
these agreements have not had a material effect on our business,
financial condition, or results of operations and cash flows.
Palms product warranty accrual reflects managements
best estimate of probable liability under its product
warranties. Management determines the warranty liability based
on historical rates of usage as a percentage of shipment levels
and the expected repair cost per unit, service policies and
specific known issues.
Changes in the product warranty accrual are (in thousands):
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Palms Board of Directors has the authority to issue up to
125,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and
to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of
ownership. No shares of preferred stock were outstanding at
May 31, 2005 and 2004.
In November 2000, the Board of Directors approved a preferred
stock rights agreement and issued a dividend of one right to
purchase one one-thousandth of a share of the Companys
Series A Participating Preferred Stock for each share of
common stock outstanding as of November 6, 2000. The rights
become exercisable based upon certain limited conditions related
to acquisitions of stock, tender offers, and certain business
combination transactions of Palm.
Palm has an employee stock purchase plan under which eligible
employees can contribute up to 10% of their compensation, as
defined in the plan, towards the purchase of shares of Palm
common stock at a price of 85% of the lower of the fair market
value at the beginning of the offering period or the end of each
six-month purchase period. As of May 31, 2005,
approximately 3,830,000 shares of Palm common stock have
been reserved for issuance under the employee stock purchase
plan. The employee stock purchase plan provides for annual
increases on the first day of each fiscal year in the number of
shares available for issuance equal to the lesser of 2% of the
outstanding shares of common stock on the first day of the
fiscal year, or approximately 740,000 shares, or a lesser
amount as may be determined by the Board of Directors. During
the years ended May 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, Palm issued
approximately 381,000 shares, 292,000 shares and
231,000 shares, respectively, under the employee stock
purchase plan. At May 31, 2005, approximately 2,784,000
shares were available for issuance under this plan, which
increased to approximately 3,524,000 shares on June 1,
2005 pursuant to the annual plan increase previously described.
Palm has a stock option plan under which options to purchase
shares of common stock may be granted to employees, directors
and consultants. Options are generally granted at not less than
the fair market value at date of grant, typically vest over a
one- to four-year period and expire ten years after the date of
grant. Palms stock option plan also allows for the
issuance of restricted stock awards, under which shares of
common stock are issued at par value to key employees, subject
to vesting restrictions. For restricted stock awards,
compensation expense equal to the fair market value on the date
of the grant is recognized over the vesting period. During the
years ended May 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, Palm granted
approximately 125,000 shares, 68,000 shares and
38,000 shares of restricted stock grants at fair market
values of $32.77, $16.71, and $16.50 and recognized related
compensation expense of $1,475,000, $793,000, and $3,309,000,
respectively. As of May 31, 2005, approximately
10,853,000 shares of common stock have been reserved for
issuance under the stock option plan. The stock option plan
provides for annual increases on the first day of each fiscal
year in the number of shares available for issuance equal to 5%
of the outstanding shares of common stock on the first day of
the fiscal year or a lesser amount as may be determined by the
Board of Directors. At May 31, 2005, approximately
2,016,000 shares of common stock were available for grant
under this plan, which increased to approximately
4,490,000 shares on June 1, 2005 pursuant to the
annual plan increase previously described.
Palm also has various stock option plans assumed in connection
with various mergers and acquisitions. Except for shares of Palm
common stock underlying the options outstanding, assumed at the
time of acquisition, under these plans, there are no shares of
Palm common stock reserved under these plans, including shares
for new grants. In the event that any such assumed option is not
exercised, no further option to purchase shares of Palm common
stock will be issued in place of such unexercised option.
However, Palm has the authority, if necessary, to reserve
additional shares of Palm common stock under these plans to the
extent such shares are necessary to effect an adjustment to
maintain option value, including intrinsic value, of
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the outstanding options under these plans as had occurred as a
result of the PalmSource distribution as described below.
Under the 2001 Stock Option Plan for Non-employee Directors,
options to purchase common stock are granted to non-employee
members of the Board of Directors at an exercise price equal to
fair market value on the date of grant and typically vest over a
36-month period. As of May 31, 2005, 950,000 shares of
common stock have been reserved for issuance under the director
stock option plan and approximately 522,000 shares of
common stock were available for grant. The Company also has an
Amended and Restated 1999 Director Option Plan which
remains in effect only with respect to outstanding options
previously granted and under which no future grants of stock
options will be made.
The following table summarizes the activity under all stock
option plans (shares in thousands):
Under the terms of the PalmSource distribution, optionholders
who became employees of PalmSource had their options to purchase
shares of Palm stock cancelled. Those optionholders who remained
employees of Palm did not receive any rights to purchase stock
in PalmSource. In order to preserve the intrinsic value of
Palms employee stock options, the number of shares subject
to stock options outstanding as of October 28, 2003 and
their related exercise prices were adjusted in accordance with
the methodology set forth in FIN No. 44. As a result,
on October 28, 2003, outstanding options to purchase
approximately 5.0 million shares of Palm, Inc. common stock
were adjusted into options to purchase approximately
7.1 million shares of Palm common stock. This includes
options to purchase approximately 0.4 million shares of
Palm common stock held by PalmSource employees. Options held by
PalmSource employees ceased vesting on October 28, 2003 and
unexercised options held by PalmSource employees were cancelled
on January 28, 2004.
On March 1, 2004, Palm tendered an offer to exchange all
unexercised options to purchase shares of Palms common
stock that were held by eligible employees, whether vested or
unvested, that had exercise prices equal to or greater than
$20.00 per share, or the Eligible Options. Eligible
employees included all persons who were employees of Palm or one
of its subsidiaries as of March 1, 2004 and who remained
employees through the date on which the Eligible Options were
cancelled, but did not include members of Palms Board of
Directors or Palms Section 16 Officers (which term
shall mean any persons who are required to file Forms 3, 4
or 5 with respect to Palms securities under the Securities
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