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This excerpt taken from the PRVT 10-Q filed May 15, 2009. Critical Accounting Estimates General Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to impairment of the library of photographs and videos and other long lived assets, allowances for bad debt, income taxes and contingencies and litigation. Accounts receivable and sales related to certain products are, in accordance with industry practice, subject to distributors right of return to unsold items. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Management periodically reviews such estimates. Actual results may differ from these estimates as a result of unexpected changes in trends.
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We believe the following critical accounting policies are significantly affected by judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Recognition of Revenue The Companys revenue recognition policies are in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements. One of the Companys primary sources of revenue is sales of its video on-demand offerings, which are sold directly via its on-line retail website and paid for almost exclusively by credit card. The Company recognizes revenue from video on demand when the service is rendered and collectibility is reasonably assured, specifically, when the customers credit card is charged, which is, in most cases, simultaneous with delivery of the on-demand video. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce the Companys collection risk, subject to the merchant banks right to hold back cash pending settlement of the transactions. The Company also offers a prepaid video on-demand service in which a customer purchases a number of minutes of on-demand video at a set rate per minute based on the number of minutes purchased. The rate per minute decreases as the number of prepaid minutes increases. The Company records revenue from pre-pay customers as deferred revenue prior to commencement of services and recognizes revenue as the services are rendered. Prepaid minutes purchased under this program do not expire. The Company also offers a customer loyalty program under which each members purchase of video on-demand, DVDs, movie downloads, books, novelties or other items earns the member one point for each dollar spent. After accumulating 150 points, a customer may redeem the points for a $5 purchase. Points increase in value as they are accumulated and redeemed, with a maximum accumulation of 2,000 points, which may be redeemed for a $200 purchase. All of a customers points expire after 180 days of no purchase activity. The Company follows the guidance in Emerging Issues Task Force No. 00-22 (EITF 00-22), Accounting for Points and Certain Other Time-Based or Volume-Based Sales Incentive Offers, and Offers for Free Products or Services to Be Delivered in the Future, Issue No. 2 in accounting for its loyalty program. Because the value of the award points is not significant in relation to the value of the services or products purchased by the customer, The Company records a liability for the estimated cost of the discounted services or products to be provided in the future. Revenues from IPTV (Internet Protocol Television), satellite & cable broadcasting are recognized based on sales reported each month by its IPTV, cable and satellite affiliates. The affiliates do not report actual monthly sales for each of their systems to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial. Revenues from mobile content sales (wireless) are recognized based on sales reported each month by mobile operators via aggregators. The aggregators do not report actual monthly sales for each of their operators to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial.
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The Company sells magazines to wholesalers on firm sale basis and via national newsstand distributors with the right to return. Our magazines are multi-lingual and the principal magazine market is in Europe. Revenues from the sale of magazines under agreements that grant distributors rights-of-return are recognized upon transfer of title, which generally occurs on delivery, net of an allowance for returned magazines. Distributors with the right to return are primarily national newsstand distributors. Most of our magazines are bi-monthly (six issues per year) and remain on sale at a newsstand for a period of two months. Normally, all unsolds are reported to us within a period of four to six months from delivery. There are normally two to four national newsstand distributors for all newspapers and periodicals operating in each country. A majority of our national newsstand distributors are members of Distripress, the international organization for publishers and distributors, and carry out the distribution of the largest national and international newspapers and periodicals, including: Financial Times, Herald Tribune, Time, Newsweek, Vogue, etc. The Company uses specific return percentages per title and distributor based on estimates and historical data. The percentages vary from 50-80%. Higher percentages generally reflect newer markets and/or products. Percentages are reviewed on an on-going basis. The magazines have an approximate retail price of EUR 11.50 (USD 16.90) per copy and are printed on glossy high-quality paper at a cost of EUR 1.25 (USD 1.84). They are often shrink-wrapped in order to comply with local regulation or guidance for the sale of adult publications. In view of the high retail price, the margin and the physical quality of the magazines and the fact that the content has a very long shelf-life since it is not particularly linked to time, trends, fashion or current events, the Company has always collected the returns from newsstands in order to make them available for sale again. The Company has scheduled re-distribution of the returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, as Megapacks or Superpacks (three different copies per pack) where the retail price is EUR 14.95 (USD 21.99). As the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the packs come back to us and are then broken up in individual copies in order to be sent out in DVD packs, see below, or sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company also operates scheduled re-distribution of returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, together with DVDs as Magazine/DVD packs as a way of increasing DVD distribution. Since the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the DVD packs are returned and the magazines are broken out in order to be sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company has historically sold all copies printed at an average price higher than, or equal, to cost. Revenues from the sale of DVD products under consignment agreements with distributors are recognized based upon reported sales by the Companys distributors. Revenues from the sale of subscriptions to the Companys internet website are deferred and recognized ratably over the subscription period. Revenues from licensing of broadcasting rights to the Companys video and film library are recognized upon delivery when the following conditions have been met (i) license period of the arrangement has begun and the customer can begin its exploitation, exhibition, or sale (ii) the arrangement fee is fixed or determinable and (iii) collection of the arrangement fee is reasonably assured.
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Accounts receivable We are required to estimate the collectibility of our trade receivables and notes receivable. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of these receivables including the current credit-worthiness of each customer. Significant changes in required reserves have been recorded in the past and may occur in the future due to the current market environment. Management reviews the allowance for doubtful accounts on at least a quarterly basis and adjusts the balance based on their estimate of the collectibility of specific accounts as well as a reserve for a portion of other accounts which have been outstanding for more than 180 days. This estimate is based on historical losses and information about specific customers. After collection attempts have failed, the Company writes off the specific account. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets On January 1, 2002 the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement (SFAS) No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Under SFAS 142, goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets will no longer be amortized but will be reviewed annually for impairment (or more frequently if indicators of impairment arise). The Company performs impairment tests of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets annually. The Company is required to assess these assets for recoverability when events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment by estimating the undiscounted cash flows to be generated from the use of these assets. There has historically been no effect on the earnings and financial position of the Company as a result of the impairment testing. Other Intangible Assets represents the value attributable to certain acquisitions. Amortization expense is calculated on a straight-line basis over 10 years. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets including its library of photographs and videos for potential impairment. Upon indication of impairment, the Company will record a loss on its long-lived assets if the undiscounted cash flows that are estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the related carrying value of the assets. An impairment loss is then measured as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the estimated discounted future cash flows. Managements estimated future revenues are based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions and additional write downs may be required if actual conditions are less favorable than those assumed.
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Website Development Costs The Company follows the guidance of Statement of Position 98-1, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use (SOP 98-1) and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-2, Accounting for Web Site Development Costs (EITF 00-2). EITF 00-2 prescribes the accounting for website development costs based on the type of website development activity. In accordance with SOP 98-1 and the transition provisions of EITF 00-2, The Company has elected to apply this standard to costs incurred to develop its websites from January 1, 2000 forward. The Company capitalizes qualifying development costs which are incurred during the application development stage and in website enhancement activities, including graphics and related software. Capitalized website development costs for The Companys on-demand and retail services are amortized on a straight-line basis over periods of three to five years and are included in property and equipment in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Costs related to website maintenance are expensed as incurred. Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost principally determined on an average basis. Inventories principally consist of DVDs, videocassettes and magazines held for sale or resale. The inventory is written down to the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional write-downs may be required. This excerpt taken from the PRVT 10-K filed Apr 15, 2009. Critical Accounting Estimates General Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to impairment of the library of photographs and videos and other long lived assets, allowances for bad debt, income taxes and contingencies and litigation. Accounts receivable and sales related to certain products are, in accordance with industry practice, subject to distributors right of return to unsold items. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Management periodically reviews such estimates. Actual results may differ from these estimates as a result of unexpected changes in trends. We believe the following critical accounting policies are significantly affected by judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Recognition of Revenue The Company sells magazines to wholesalers on firm sale basis and via national newsstand distributors with the right to return. Our magazines are multi-lingual and the principal magazine market is in Europe.
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Revenues from the sale of magazines under agreements that grant distributors rights-of-return are recognized upon transfer of title, which generally occurs on delivery, net of an allowance for returned magazines. Distributors with the right to return are primarily national newsstand distributors. Most of our magazines are bi-monthly (six issues per year) and remain on sale at a newsstand for a period of two months. Normally, all unsolds are reported to us within a period of four to six months from delivery. There are normally two to four national newsstand distributors for all newspapers and periodicals operating in each country. A majority of our national newsstand distributors are members of Distripress, the international organization for publishers and distributors, and carry out the distribution of the largest national and international newspapers and periodicals, including: Financial Times, Herald Tribune, Time, Newsweek, Vogue, etc. The Company uses specific return percentages per title and distributor based on estimates and historical data. The percentages vary from 50-80%. Higher percentages generally reflect newer markets and/or products. Percentages are reviewed on an on-going basis. The magazines have an approximate retail price of EUR 11.50 (USD 16.90) per copy and are printed on glossy high-quality paper at a cost of EUR 1.25 (USD 1.84). They are often shrink-wrapped in order to comply with local regulation or guidance for the sale of adult publications. In view of the high retail price, the margin and the physical quality of the magazines and the fact that the content has a very long shelf-life since it is not particularly linked to time, trends, fashion or current events, the Company has always collected the returns from newsstands in order to make them available for sale again. The Company has scheduled re-distribution of the returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, as Megapacks or Superpacks (three different copies per pack) where the retail price is EUR 14.95 (USD 21.99). As the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the packs come back to us and are then broken up in individual copies in order to be sent out in DVD packs, see below, or sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company also operates scheduled re-distribution of returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, together with DVDs as Magazine/DVD packs as a way of increasing DVD distribution. Since the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the DVD packs are returned and the magazines are broken out in order to be sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company has historically sold all copies printed at an average price higher than, or equal, to cost. Revenues from the sale of DVD products under consignment agreements with distributors are recognized based upon reported sales by the Companys distributors. Revenues from the sale of subscriptions to the Companys internet website are deferred and recognized ratably over the subscription period. Revenues from licensing of broadcasting rights to the Companys video and film library are recognized upon delivery when the following conditions have been met (i) license period of the arrangement has begun and the customer can begin its exploitation, exhibition, or sale (ii) the arrangement fee is fixed or determinable and (iii) collection of the arrangement fee is reasonably assured. Revenues from IPTV (Internet Protocol Television), satellite & cable broadcasting are recognized based on sales reported each month by its IPTV, cable and satellite affiliates. The affiliates do not report actual monthly sales for each of their systems to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial. Revenues from mobile content sales (wireless) are recognized based on sales reported each month by mobile operators via aggregators. The aggregators do not report actual monthly sales for each of their operators to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial.
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Accounts receivable We are required to estimate the collectability of our trade receivables and notes receivable. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of these receivables including the current credit-worthiness of each customer. Significant changes in required reserves have been recorded in the past and may occur in the future due to the current market environment. Management reviews the allowance for doubtful accounts on at least a quarterly basis and adjusts the balance based on their estimate of the collectability of specific accounts as well as a reserve for a portion of other accounts which have been outstanding for more than 180 days. This estimate is based on historical losses and information about specific customers. After collection attempts have failed, the Company writes off the specific account. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets On January 1, 2002 the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement (SFAS) No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Under SFAS 142, goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets will no longer be amortized but will be reviewed annually for impairment (or more frequently if indicators of impairment arise). During 2002, the Company performed an initial impairment test of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets as of January 1, 2002. This generally required us to assess these assets for recoverability when events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment by estimating the undiscounted cash flows to be generated from the use of these assets. As a result of impairment reviews in 2008, the goodwill related to our video distribution company in the Benelux countries was reduced by EUR 293 thousand to EUR 1,342 thousand. Other Intangible Assets represents the value attributable to certain acquisitions (see Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements). Amortization expense is calculated on a straight-line basis over 10 years. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets including its library of photographs and videos for potential impairment. Upon indication of impairment, the Company will record a loss on its long-lived assets if the undiscounted cash flows that are estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the related carrying value of the assets. An impairment loss is then measured as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the estimated discounted future cash flows. Managements estimated future revenues are based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions and additional write downs may be required if actual conditions are less favorable than those assumed. Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost principally determined on an average basis. Inventories principally consist of DVDs, videocassettes and magazines held for sale or resale. The inventory is written down to the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional write-downs may be required. This excerpt taken from the PRVT 10-Q filed Nov 10, 2008. Critical Accounting Estimates General Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to impairment of the library of photographs and videos and other long lived assets, allowances for bad debt, income taxes and contingencies and litigation. Accounts receivable and sales related to certain products are, in accordance with industry practice, subject to distributors right of return to unsold items. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Management periodically reviews such estimates. Actual results may differ from these estimates as a result of unexpected changes in trends. We believe the following critical accounting policies are significantly affected by judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
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Recognition of Revenue The Company sells magazines to wholesalers on firm sale basis and via national newsstand distributors with the right to return. Our magazines are multi-lingual and the principal magazine market is in Europe. Revenues from the sale of magazines under agreements that grant distributors rights-of-return are recognized upon transfer of title, which generally occurs on delivery, net of an allowance for returned magazines. Distributors with the right to return are primarily national newsstand distributors. Most of our magazines are bi-monthly (six issues per year) and remain on sale at a newsstand for a period of two months. Normally, all unsolds are reported to us within a period of four to six months from delivery. There are normally two to four national newsstand distributors for all newspapers and periodicals operating in each country. A majority of our national newsstand distributors are members of Distripress, the international organization for publishers and distributors, and carry out the distribution of the largest national and international newspapers and periodicals, including: Financial Times, Herald Tribune, Time, Newsweek, Vogue, etc. The Company uses specific return percentages per title and distributor based on estimates and historical data. The percentages vary from 50-80%. Higher percentages generally reflect newer markets and/or products. Percentages are reviewed on an on-going basis. The magazines have an approximate retail price of EUR 11.50 (USD 16.90) per copy and are printed on glossy high-quality paper at a cost of EUR 1.25 (USD 1.84). They are often shrink-wrapped in order to comply with local regulation or guidance for the sale of adult publications. In view of the high retail price, the margin and the physical quality of the magazines and the fact that the content has a very long shelf-life since it is not particularly linked to time, trends, fashion or current events, the Company has always collected the returns from newsstands in order to make them available for sale again. The Company has scheduled re-distribution of the returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, as Megapacks or Superpacks (three different copies per pack) where the retail price is EUR 14.95 (USD 21.99). As the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the packs come back to us and are then broken up in individual copies in order to be sent out in DVD packs, see below, or sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company also operates scheduled re-distribution of returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, together with DVDs as Magazine/DVD packs as a way of increasing DVD distribution. Since the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the DVD packs are returned and the magazines are broken out in order to be sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company has historically sold all copies printed at an average price higher than, or equal, to cost. Revenues from the sale of DVD products under consignment agreements with distributors are recognized based upon reported sales by the Companys distributors. Revenues from the sale of subscriptions to the Companys internet website are deferred and recognized ratably over the subscription period. Revenues from licensing of broadcasting rights to the Companys video and film library are recognized upon delivery when the following conditions have been met (i) license period of the arrangement has begun and the customer can begin its exploitation, exhibition, or sale (ii) the arrangement fee is fixed or determinable and (iii) collection of the arrangement fee is reasonably assured.
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Revenues from IPTV (Internet Protocol Television), satellite & cable broadcasting are recognized based on sales reported each month by its IPTV, cable and satellite affiliates. The affiliates do not report actual monthly sales for each of their systems to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial. Revenues from mobile content sales (wireless) are recognized based on sales reported each month by mobile operators via aggregators. The aggregators do not report actual monthly sales for each of their operators to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial. Accounts receivable We are required to estimate the collectibility of our trade receivables and notes receivable. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of these receivables including the current credit-worthiness of each customer. Significant changes in required reserves have been recorded in the past and may occur in the future due to the current market environment. Management reviews the allowance for doubtful accounts on at least a quarterly basis and adjusts the balance based on their estimate of the collectibility of specific accounts as well as a reserve for a portion of other accounts which have been outstanding for more than 180 days. This estimate is based on historical losses and information about specific customers. After collection attempts have failed, the Company writes off the specific account. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets On January 1, 2002 the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement (SFAS) No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Under SFAS 142, goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets will no longer be amortized but will be reviewed annually for impairment (or more frequently if indicators of impairment arise). The Company performs impairment tests of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets annually. The Company is required to assess these assets for recoverability when events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment by estimating the undiscounted cash flows to be generated from the use of these assets. There has historically been no effect on the earnings and financial position of the Company as a result of the impairment testing. Other Intangible Assets represents the value attributable to certain acquisitions. Amortization expense is calculated on a straight-line basis over 10 years.
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Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets including its library of photographs and videos for potential impairment. Upon indication of impairment, the Company will record a loss on its long-lived assets if the undiscounted cash flows that are estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the related carrying value of the assets. An impairment loss is then measured as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the estimated discounted future cash flows. Managements estimated future revenues are based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions and additional write downs may be required if actual conditions are less favorable than those assumed. Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost principally determined on an average basis. Inventories principally consist of DVDs, videocassettes and magazines held for sale or resale. The inventory is written down to the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional write-downs may be required. This excerpt taken from the PRVT 10-Q filed Aug 11, 2008. Critical Accounting Estimates General Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to impairment of the library of photographs and videos and other long lived assets, allowances for bad debt, income taxes and contingencies and litigation. Accounts receivable and sales related to certain products are, in accordance with industry practice, subject to distributors right of return to unsold items. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Management periodically reviews such estimates. Actual results may differ from these estimates as a result of unexpected changes in trends. We believe the following critical accounting policies are significantly affected by judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
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Recognition of Revenue The Company sells magazines to wholesalers on firm sale basis and via national newsstand distributors with the right to return. Our magazines are multi-lingual and the principal magazine market is in Europe. Revenues from the sale of magazines under agreements that grant distributors rights-of-return are recognized upon transfer of title, which generally occurs on delivery, net of an allowance for returned magazines. Distributors with the right to return are primarily national newsstand distributors. Most of our magazines are bi-monthly (six issues per year) and remain on sale at a newsstand for a period of two months. Normally, all unsolds are reported to us within a period of four to six months from delivery. There are normally two to four national newsstand distributors for all newspapers and periodicals operating in each country. A majority of our national newsstand distributors are members of Distripress, the international organization for publishers and distributors, and carry out the distribution of the largest national and international newspapers and periodicals, including: Financial Times, Herald Tribune, Time, Newsweek, Vogue, etc. The Company uses specific return percentages per title and distributor based on estimates and historical data. The percentages vary from 50-80%. Higher percentages generally reflect newer markets and/or products. Percentages are reviewed on an on-going basis. The magazines have an approximate retail price of EUR 11.50 (USD 16.90) per copy and are printed on glossy high-quality paper at a cost of EUR 1.25 (USD 1.84). They are often shrink-wrapped in order to comply with local regulation or guidance for the sale of adult publications. In view of the high retail price, the margin and the physical quality of the magazines and the fact that the content has a very long shelf-life since it is not particularly linked to time, trends, fashion or current events, the Company has always collected the returns from newsstands in order to make them available for sale again. The Company has scheduled re-distribution of the returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, as Megapacks or Superpacks (three different copies per pack) where the retail price is EUR 14.95 (USD 21.99). As the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the packs come back to us and are then broken up in individual copies in order to be sent out in DVD packs, see below, or sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company also operates scheduled re-distribution of returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, together with DVDs as Magazine/DVD packs as a way of increasing DVD distribution. Since the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the DVD packs are returned and the magazines are broken out in order to be sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company has historically sold all copies printed at an average price higher than, or equal, to cost. Revenues from the sale of DVD products under consignment agreements with distributors are recognized based upon reported sales by the Companys distributors. Revenues from the sale of subscriptions to the Companys internet website are deferred and recognized ratably over the subscription period. Revenues from licensing of broadcasting rights to the Companys video and film library are recognized upon delivery when the following conditions have been met (i) license period of the arrangement has begun and the customer can begin its exploitation, exhibition, or sale (ii) the arrangement fee is fixed or determinable and (iii) collection of the arrangement fee is reasonably assured.
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Revenues from IPTV (Internet Protocol Television), satellite & cable broadcasting are recognized based on sales reported each month by its IPTV, cable and satellite affiliates. The affiliates do not report actual monthly sales for each of their systems to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial. Revenues from mobile content sales (wireless) are recognized based on sales reported each month by mobile operators via aggregators. The aggregators do not report actual monthly sales for each of their operators to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial. Accounts receivable We are required to estimate the collectibility of our trade receivables and notes receivable. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of these receivables including the current credit-worthiness of each customer. Significant changes in required reserves have been recorded in the past and may occur in the future due to the current market environment. Management reviews the allowance for doubtful accounts on at least a quarterly basis and adjusts the balance based on their estimate of the collectibility of specific accounts as well as a reserve for a portion of other accounts which have been outstanding for more than 180 days. This estimate is based on historical losses and information about specific customers. After collection attempts have failed, the Company writes off the specific account. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets On January 1, 2002 the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement (SFAS) No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Under SFAS 142, goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets will no longer be amortized but will be reviewed annually for impairment (or more frequently if indicators of impairment arise). The Company performs impairment tests of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets annually. The Company is required to assess these assets for recoverability when events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment by estimating the undiscounted cash flows to be generated from the use of these assets. There has historically been no effect on the earnings and financial position of the Company as a result of the impairment testing. Other Intangible Assets represents the value attributable to certain acquisitions. Amortization expense is calculated on a straight-line basis over 10 years.
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Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets including its library of photographs and videos for potential impairment. Upon indication of impairment, the Company will record a loss on its long-lived assets if the undiscounted cash flows that are estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the related carrying value of the assets. An impairment loss is then measured as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the estimated discounted future cash flows. Managements estimated future revenues are based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions and additional write downs may be required if actual conditions are less favorable than those assumed. Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost principally determined on an average basis. Inventories principally consist of DVDs, videocassettes and magazines held for sale or resale. The inventory is written down to the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional write-downs may be required. This excerpt taken from the PRVT 10-Q filed May 12, 2008. Critical Accounting Estimates General Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to impairment of the library of photographs and videos and other long lived assets, allowances for bad debt, income taxes and contingencies and litigation. Accounts receivable and sales related to certain products are, in accordance with industry practice, subject to distributors right of return to unsold items. We base our estimates on
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historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Management periodically reviews such estimates. Actual results may differ from these estimates as a result of unexpected changes in trends. We believe the following critical accounting policies are significantly affected by judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Recognition of Revenue The Company sells magazines to wholesalers on firm sale basis and via national newsstand distributors with the right to return. Our magazines are multi-lingual and the principal magazine market is in Europe. Revenues from the sale of magazines under agreements that grant distributors rights-of-return are recognized upon transfer of title, which generally occurs on delivery, net of an allowance for returned magazines. Distributors with the right to return are primarily national newsstand distributors. Most of our magazines are bi-monthly (six issues per year) and remain on sale at a newsstand for a period of two months. Normally, all unsolds are reported to us within a period of four to six months from delivery. There are normally two to four national newsstand distributors for all newspapers and periodicals operating in each country. A majority of our national newsstand distributors are members of Distripress, the international organization for publishers and distributors, and carry out the distribution of the largest national and international newspapers and periodicals, including: Financial Times, Herald Tribune, Time, Newsweek, Vogue, etc. The Company uses specific return percentages per title and distributor based on estimates and historical data. The percentages vary from 50-80%. Higher percentages generally reflect newer markets and/or products. Percentages are reviewed on an on-going basis. The magazines have an approximate retail price of EUR 11.50 (USD 16.90) per copy and are printed on glossy high-quality paper at a cost of EUR 1.25 (USD 1.84). They are often shrink-wrapped in order to comply with local regulation or guidance for the sale of adult publications. In view of the high retail price, the margin and the physical quality of the magazines and the fact that the content has a very long shelf-life since it is not particularly linked to time, trends, fashion or current events, the Company has always collected the returns from newsstands in order to make them available for sale again. The Company has scheduled re-distribution of the returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, as Megapacks or Superpacks (three different copies per pack) where the retail price is EUR 14.95 (USD 21.99). As the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the packs come back to us and are then broken up in individual copies in order to be sent out in DVD packs, see below, or sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company also operates scheduled re-distribution of returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, together with DVDs as Magazine/DVD packs as a way of increasing DVD distribution. Since the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the DVD packs are returned and the magazines are broken out in order to be sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than
- 13 -
new issues. The Company has historically sold all copies printed at an average price higher than, or equal, to cost. Revenues from the sale of DVD products under consignment agreements with distributors are recognized based upon reported sales by the Companys distributors. Revenues from the sale of subscriptions to the Companys internet website are deferred and recognized ratably over the subscription period. Revenues from licensing of broadcasting rights to the Companys video and film library are recognized upon delivery when the following conditions have been met (i) license period of the arrangement has begun and the customer can begin its exploitation, exhibition, or sale (ii) the arrangement fee is fixed or determinable and (iii) collection of the arrangement fee is reasonably assured. Revenues from IPTV (Internet Protocol Television), satellite & cable broadcasting are recognized based on sales reported each month by its IPTV, cable and satellite affiliates. The affiliates do not report actual monthly sales for each of their systems to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial. Revenues from mobile content sales (wireless) are recognized based on sales reported each month by mobile operators via aggregators. The aggregators do not report actual monthly sales for each of their operators to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial. Accounts receivable We are required to estimate the collectibility of our trade receivables and notes receivable. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of these receivables including the current credit-worthiness of each customer. Significant changes in required reserves have been recorded in the past and may occur in the future due to the current market environment. Management reviews the allowance for doubtful accounts on at least a quarterly basis and adjusts the balance based on their estimate of the collectibility of specific accounts as well as a reserve for a portion of other accounts which have been outstanding for more than 180 days. This estimate is based on historical losses and information about specific customers. After collection attempts have failed, the Company writes off the specific account. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets On January 1, 2002 the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement (SFAS) No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Under SFAS 142, goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets will no longer be amortized but will be reviewed annually for impairment (or more frequently if indicators of impairment arise).
- 14 -
The Company performs impairment tests of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets annually. The Company is required to assess these assets for recoverability when events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment by estimating the undiscounted cash flows to be generated from the use of these assets. There has historically been no effect on the earnings and financial position of the Company as a result of the impairment testing. Other Intangible Assets represents the value attributable to certain acquisitions. Amortization expense is calculated on a straight-line basis over 10 years. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets including its library of photographs and videos for potential impairment. Upon indication of impairment, the Company will record a loss on its long-lived assets if the undiscounted cash flows that are estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the related carrying value of the assets. An impairment loss is then measured as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the estimated discounted future cash flows. Managements estimated future revenues are based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions and additional write downs may be required if actual conditions are less favorable than those assumed. Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost principally determined on an average basis. Inventories principally consist of DVDs, videocassettes and magazines held for sale or resale. The inventory is written down to the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional write-downs may be required. These excerpts taken from the PRVT 10-K filed Mar 17, 2008. Critical Accounting Estimates General Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The
- 34 -
preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to impairment of the library of photographs and videos and other long lived assets, allowances for bad debt, income taxes and contingencies and litigation. Accounts receivable and sales related to certain products are, in accordance with industry practice, subject to distributors right of return to unsold items. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Management periodically reviews such estimates. Actual results may differ from these estimates as a result of unexpected changes in trends. We believe the following critical accounting policies are significantly affected by judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Recognition of Revenue The Company sells magazines to wholesalers on firm sale basis and via national newsstand distributors with the right to return. Our magazines are multi-lingual and the principal magazine market is in Europe. Revenues from the sale of magazines under agreements that grant distributors rights-of-return are recognized upon transfer of title, which generally occurs on delivery, net of an allowance for returned magazines. Distributors with the right to return are primarily national newsstand distributors. Most of our magazines are bi-monthly (six issues per year) and remain on sale at a newsstand for a period of two months. Normally, all unsolds are reported to us within a period of four to six months from delivery. There are normally two to four national newsstand distributors for all newspapers and periodicals operating in each country. A majority of our national newsstand distributors are members of Distripress, the international organization for publishers and distributors, and carry out the distribution of the largest national and international newspapers and periodicals, including: Financial Times, Herald Tribune, Time, Newsweek, Vogue, etc. The Company uses specific return percentages per title and distributor based on estimates and historical data. The percentages vary from 50-80%. Higher percentages generally reflect newer markets and/or products. Percentages are reviewed on an on-going basis. The magazines have an approximate retail price of EUR 11.50 (USD 16.90) per copy and are printed on glossy high-quality paper at a cost of EUR 1.25 (USD 1.84). They are often shrink-wrapped in order to comply with local regulation or guidance for the sale of adult publications. In view of the high retail price, the margin and the physical quality of the magazines and the fact that the content has a very long shelf-life since it is not particularly linked to time, trends, fashion or current events, the Company has always collected the returns from newsstands in order to make them available for sale again. The Company has scheduled re-distribution of the returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, as Megapacks or Superpacks (three different copies per pack) where the retail price is EUR 14.95 (USD 21.99). As the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the packs come back to us and are then broken up in individual copies in order to be sent out in DVD packs, see below, or sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company also operates scheduled re-distribution of returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, together with DVDs as Magazine/DVD packs as a way of increasing DVD distribution. Since the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the DVD packs are returned and the magazines are broken out in order to be sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company has historically sold all copies printed at an average price higher than, or equal, to cost. Revenues from the sale of DVD products under consignment agreements with distributors are recognized based upon reported sales by the Companys distributors. Revenues from the sale of subscriptions to the Companys internet website are deferred and recognized ratably over the subscription period. Revenues from licensing of broadcasting rights to the Companys video and film library are recognized upon delivery when the following conditions have been met (i) license period of the arrangement has begun and the customer can begin its exploitation, exhibition, or sale (ii) the arrangement fee is fixed or determinable and (iii) collection of the arrangement fee is reasonably assured.
- 35 -
Revenues from IPTV (Internet Protocol Television), satellite & cable broadcasting are recognized based on sales reported each month by its IPTV, cable and satellite affiliates. The affiliates do not report actual monthly sales for each of their systems to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial. Revenues from mobile content sales (wireless) are recognized based on sales reported each month by mobile operators via aggregators. The aggregators do not report actual monthly sales for each of their operators to the Company until approximately 6090 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Adjustments made to adjust revenue from estimated to actual have historically been immaterial. Accounts receivable We are required to estimate the collectibility of our trade receivables and notes receivable. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of these receivables including the current credit-worthiness of each customer. Significant changes in required reserves have been recorded in the past and may occur in the future due to the current market environment. Management reviews the allowance for doubtful accounts on at least a quarterly basis and adjusts the balance based on their estimate of the collectibility of specific accounts as well as a reserve for a portion of other accounts which have been outstanding for more than 180 days. This estimate is based on historical losses and information about specific customers. After collection attempts have failed, the Company writes off the specific account. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets On January 1, 2002 the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement (SFAS) No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Under SFAS 142, goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets will no longer be amortized but will be reviewed annually for impairment (or more frequently if indicators of impairment arise). During 2002, the Company performed an initial impairment test of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets as of January 1, 2002. This generally required us to assess these assets for recoverability when events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment by estimating the undiscounted cash flows to be generated from the use of these assets. There was no effect of on the earnings and financial position of the Company as a result of the impairment testing. Other Intangible Assets represents the value attributable to certain acquisitions (see Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements). Amortization expense is calculated on a straight-line basis over 10 years. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets including its library of photographs and videos for potential impairment. Upon indication of impairment, the Company will record a loss on its long-lived assets if the undiscounted cash flows that are estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the related carrying value of the assets. An impairment loss is then measured as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the estimated discounted future cash flows. Managements estimated future revenues are based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions and additional write downs may be required if actual conditions are less favorable than those assumed. Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost principally determined on an average basis. Inventories principally consist of DVDs, videocassettes and magazines held for sale or resale. The inventory is written down to the estimated
- 36 -
market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional write-downs may be required by EUR 0.4 million. Critical Accounting Estimates STYLE="margin-top:6px;margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:4%">GeneralOur discussion and analysis
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We believe the following critical accounting SIZE="2">Recognition of Revenue The Company sells magazines to wholesalers on firm sale basis and via national newsstand Revenues from the percentages generally reflect newer markets and/or products. Percentages are reviewed on an on-going basis. The magazines have an The Company has scheduled as a way of increasing DVD distribution. Since the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the DVD packs are returned and the magazines are broken out in order to be sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company has historically sold all copies printed at an average price higher than, or equal, to cost. Revenues - 35 - Revenues from IPTV (Internet Protocol Television), satellite & cable broadcasting are recognized Revenues from mobile content sales (wireless) are recognized based on sales Accounts receivable STYLE="margin-top:6px;margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:4%">We are required to estimate the collectibility of our trade receivables and notes receivable. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessingthe ultimate realization of these receivables including the current credit-worthiness of each customer. Significant changes in required reserves have been recorded in the past and may occur in the future due to the current market environment. Management reviews the allowance for doubtful accounts on at least a quarterly basis and adjusts the balance based on their estimate of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets STYLE="margin-top:6px;margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:4%">On January 1, 2002 the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement (SFAS) No. 142, Goodwill and Other IntangibleAssets. Under SFAS 142, goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets will no longer be amortized but will be reviewed annually for impairment (or more frequently if indicators of impairment arise). STYLE="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:4%">During 2002, the Company performed an initial impairment test of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets as of January 1, 2002. This generally required us to assess these assets for recoverability when events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment by estimating the undiscounted cash flows to be generated from the use of these assets. There was no effect of on the earnings and financial position of the Company as a result of the impairment testing. Other Intangible Assets represents the value FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="2">Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="2">Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost principally determined
- 36 -
This excerpt taken from the PRVT 10-Q filed Nov 9, 2007. Critical Accounting Estimates General Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to impairment of the library
- 12 -
of photographs and videos and other long lived assets, allowances for bad debt, income taxes and contingencies and litigation. Accounts receivable and sales related to certain products are, in accordance with industry practice, subject to distributors right of return to unsold items. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Management periodically reviews such estimates. Actual results may differ from these estimates as a result of unexpected changes in trends. We believe the following critical accounting policies are significantly affected by judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Recognition of Revenue Revenues from the sale of magazines, DVDs and other related products where distributors are not granted rights-of-return are recognized upon transfer of title, which generally occurs upon delivery. The Company sells magazines to wholesalers on firm sale basis and via national newsstand distributors with the right to return. Our magazines are multi-lingual and the principal magazine market is in Europe. Revenues from the sale of magazines under agreements that grant distributors rights-of-return are recognized upon transfer of title, which generally occurs on delivery, net of an allowance for returned magazines. Distributors with the right to return are primarily national newsstand distributors. Most of our magazines are bi-monthly (six issues per year) and remain on sale at a newsstand for a period of two months. Normally, all unsolds are reported to us within a period of four to six months from delivery. There are normally two to four national newsstand distributors for all newspapers and periodicals in each country. A majority of our national newsstand distributors are members of Distripress, the international organization for publishers and distributors, and carry out the distribution of the largest national and international newspapers and periodicals, including: Financial Times, Herald Tribune, Time, Newsweek, Vogue, etc. The Company uses specific return percentages per title and distributor based on estimates and historical data. The percentages vary from 50-80%. Higher percentages generally reflect newer markets and/or products. Percentages are reviewed on an on-going basis. The magazines have an approximate retail price of EUR 11.50 (USD 15.00) per copy and are printed on glossy high-quality paper at a cost of EUR 1.25 (USD 1.60). They are often shrink-wrapped in order to comply with local regulation or guidance for the sale of adult publications. In view of the high retail price, the margin and the physical quality of the magazines and the fact that the content has a very long shelf-life since it is not particularly linked to time, trends, fashion or current events, the Company has always collected the returns from newsstands in order to make them available for sale again. The Company has scheduled re-distribution of the returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, as Megapacks or Superpacks (three different copies per pack) where the retail price is EUR 14.95 (USD 19.50). As the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the packs come back to us and are then broken up in individual copies in order to be sent out in DVD packs, see below, or sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues.
- 13 -
The Company recently started scheduled re-distribution of returned magazines, via national newsstand distributors, together with DVDs as Magazine/DVD packs as a way of increasing DVD distribution. Since the national newsstand distributors have the right to return, the DVD packs are returned and the magazines are broken out in order to be sold on firm sale basis to wholesalers as back numbers at a lower price than new issues. The Company has historically sold all copies printed at an average price higher than, or equal, to cost. Revenues from the sale of DVDs under consignment agreements with distributors are recognized based upon reported sales by the Companys distributors. Revenues from the sale of subscriptions to the Companys internet website are deferred and recognized ratably over the subscription period. Revenues from licensing of broadcasting rights to the Companys video and film library are recognized upon delivery when the following conditions have been met (i) persuasive evidence of a sale or licensing arrangement with a customer exists, (ii) the film is complete and has been delivered or is available for immediate and unconditional delivery (in accordance with the terms of the arrangement), (iii) the license period has begun and the customer can begin its exploitation, exhibition, or sale, (iv) the fee is fixed or determinable and (v) collection of the fee is reasonably assured. Revenues from satellite & cable broadcasting are recognized based on sales reported each month by its cable and satellite affiliates. The affiliates do not report actual monthly sales for each of their systems until approximately 90 - 120 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each affiliated system. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Revenues from wireless are recognized based on sales reported each month by aggregators. The aggregators do not report actual monthly sales for each of their systems until approximately 90 - 120 days after the month of service ends. This practice requires management to make monthly revenue estimates based on historical experience for each aggregator. Revenue is subsequently adjusted to reflect the actual amount earned upon receipt. Accounts receivable We are required to estimate the collectibility of our trade receivables and notes receivable. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of these receivables including the current credit-worthiness of each customer. Significant changes in required reserves have been recorded in the past and may occur in the future due to the current market environment. Management reviews the allowance for doubtful accounts on at least a quarterly basis and adjusts the balance based on their estimate of the collectibility of specific accounts as well as a reserve for a portion of other accounts which have been outstanding for more than 180 days. This estimate is based on historical losses and information about specific customers. After collection attempts have failed, the Company writes off the specific account. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets On January 1, 2002 the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement (SFAS) No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Under SFAS 142, goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets will no longer be amortized but will be reviewed annually for impairment (or more frequently if indicators of impairment arise).
- 14 -
During 2002, the Company performed an initial impairment test of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets as of January 1, 2002. This generally required us to assess these assets for recoverability when events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment by estimating the undiscounted cash flows to be generated from the use of these assets. There was no effect of on the earnings and financial position of the Company as a result of the impairment testing. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets including its library of photographs and videos for potential impairment. Upon indication of impairment, the company will record a loss on its long-lived assets if the undiscounted cash flows that are estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the related carrying value of the assets. An impairment loss is then measured as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the estimated discounted future cash flows. Managements estimated future revenues are based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions and additional write downs may be required if actual conditions are less favorable than those assumed. Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost principally determined on an average basis. Inventories principally consist of DVDs and magazines held for sale or resale. The inventory is written down to the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional write-downs may be required. | EXCERPTS ON THIS PAGE:
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