SGMO » Topics » Overview

This excerpt taken from the SGMO 10-Q filed May 5, 2009.

Overview

We were incorporated in June 1995. From our inception through March 31, 2009, our activities related primarily to establishing and operating a biotechnology research and development organization and developing relationships with our corporate collaborators. Our scientific and business development endeavors currently focus on the engineering of novel zinc finger DNA-binding proteins (ZFPs) for the regulation and modification of genes. We have incurred net losses since inception and expect to incur losses in the future as we continue our research and development activities. To date, we have funded our operations primarily through the issuance of equity securities, borrowings, payments from research grants and from corporate collaborators and strategic partners. As of March 31, 2009, we had an accumulated deficit of $180.9 million.

Our revenues have consisted primarily of revenues from our corporate partners for ZFP transcription factors (ZFP TFs) and ZFP nucleases (ZFNs), contractual payments from strategic partners for research programs and research milestones, and research grant funding. We expect revenues will continue to fluctuate from period to period and there can be no assurance that new collaborations or partner fundings will continue beyond their initial terms.

In the development of our ZFP technology platform we have continued to place more emphasis internally on higher-value therapeutic product development and less on our enabling technology applications. We believe this shift in emphasis has the potential to increase the return on investment to our stockholders by allocating capital resources to higher value, therapeutic product development activities. At the same time, it may reduce our revenues over the next several years and subject us to higher financial risk by increasing expenses associated with product development. We have filed Investigational New Drug (IND) applications with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have initiated three Phase 2 clinical trials of a ZFP Therapeutic in subjects with diabetic neuropathy and one Phase 2 clinical trial in subjects with ALS. We are also conducting a Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate a ZFP Therapeutic for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Development of novel therapeutic products is costly and is subject to a lengthy and uncertain regulatory process by the FDA. Our future products are gene-based therapeutics. Adverse events in both our own clinical program and other programs may have a negative impact on regulatory approval, the willingness of potential commercial partners to enter into agreements and the perception of the public.

Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and personnel expenses, stock-based compensation expenses, laboratory supplies, pre-clinical and clinical studies, manufacturing expenses, allocated facilities expenses, subcontracted research expenses and expenses for trademark registration and technology licenses. Research and development costs incurred in connection with collaborator-funded activities are expensed as incurred. Costs to acquire technologies that are utilized in research and

 

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development and that have no alternative future use are expensed as incurred. We believe that continued investment in research and development is critical to attaining our strategic objectives. We expect these expenses will increase as we focus on development of ZFP Therapeutics. Additionally, in order to develop ZFP TFs and ZFNs as commercially relevant therapeutics, we expect to expend additional resources for expertise in the manufacturing, regulatory affairs and clinical research aspects of biotherapeutic development.

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and personnel expenses for executive, finance and administrative personnel, stock-based compensation expenses, professional fees, allocated facilities expenses, patent prosecution expenses and other general corporate expenses. As we pursue commercial development of our therapeutic leads we expect the business aspects of the Company to become more complex. We may be required in the future to add personnel and incur additional costs related to the maturity of our business.

These excerpts taken from the SGMO 10-K filed Mar 3, 2009.

Overview

We are the leader in the research, development and commercialization of zinc finger DNA-binding proteins (ZFPs), a naturally occurring class of proteins, and have used our knowledge and expertise to develop a proprietary technology platform. ZFPs can be engineered (see Fig. 1) to make ZFP transcription factors (ZFP TFsTM ), proteins that can be used to turn genes on or off, and ZFP nucleases (ZFNsTM ), proteins that enable us to modify DNA sequences in a variety of ways. As ZFPs act at the DNA level, they have broad potential applications in several areas including human therapeutics, plant agriculture, research reagents and cell-line engineering.

The main focus for our company is the development of novel human therapeutics and we are building a pipeline of ZFP TherapeuticsTM. Our lead ZFP Therapeutic, SB-509, a plasmid formulation of a ZFP TF activator of the vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) gene, is under evaluation in three Phase 2 clinical trials for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy (DN) and one Phase 2 trial for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We expect to have additional data from our Phase 2 trials in DN in 2009 and to complete enrollment and treatment in our Phase 2 study for ALS in 2009.

In 2008 we filed an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and have initiated a Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate SB-728-T for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. SB-728-T represents the first therapeutic application of our ZFN technology. In 2009 we also expect to file an IND application for a Phase 1 trial to evaluate a ZFN-based therapeutic for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme, a type of brain cancer.

We have preclinical development programs of ZFP Therapeutics in spinal cord injury, stroke, traumatic brain injury, neuropathic pain, and Parkinson’s disease. We have additional research-stage programs in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-linked SCID), hemophilia and hemoglobinopathies.

We believe the potential commercial applications of ZFPs are broad-based and we have capitalized on our ZFP platform by facilitating the sale or licensing of ZFP TFs or ZFNs to companies working in fields outside human therapeutics.

 

 

 

We have a license agreement with Dow AgroSciences, LLC (“DAS”), a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Dow Chemical Corporation. Under the agreement, Sangamo is providing DAS with access to Sangamo’s ZFP technology and the exclusive right to use it to modify the genomes or alter the nucleic acid or protein expression of plant cells, plants, or plant cell cultures. DAS plans to market ZFP-derived plant products under the trademark EXZACTTM Precision Technology. We have retained rights to use plants or plant-derived products to deliver ZFP TFs or ZFNs into human or animals for diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic purposes.

 

 

 

We have a license agreement with the research reagent company Sigma-Aldrich Corporation (“Sigma”). Sigma has the exclusive right to develop and market high value laboratory research reagents based upon Sangamo’s ZFP technology. Sigma is marketing ZFN-derived gene editing tools under the trademark CompoZrTM.

 

   

We also have license agreements with life sciences companies including Pfizer Inc, (“Pfizer”), Genentech Inc. (“Genentech”), Medarex, Inc., and research agreements with Amgen Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc., Novartis A/G, and Kirin Brewery Company. Under these agreements, we are providing access to Sangamo’s proprietary ZFP technology to generate cell lines with novel characteristics for protein pharmaceutical production.

We have a substantial intellectual property position in the design, selection, composition, and use of engineered ZFPs to support all of these commercial activities. As of February 6, 2009, we either own outright or

 

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have exclusively licensed the commercial rights to approximately 243 patents issued in the United States and foreign national jurisdictions, and we have 244 patent applications owned and licensed pending worldwide. We continue to license and file new patent applications that strengthen our core and accessory patent portfolio. We believe that our proprietary position will protect our ability to research, develop, and commercialize products and services based on ZFP technology across our chosen applications.

Overview

STYLE="margin-top:6px;margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:4%;padding-bottom:3px;line-height:95%; vertical-align:top">We are the leader in the research, development and commercialization of zinc finger DNA-binding
proteins (ZFPs), a naturally occurring class of proteins, and have used our knowledge and expertise to develop a proprietary technology platform. ZFPs can be engineered (see Fig. 1) to make ZFP transcription factors (ZFP TFs
FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="1">TM ), proteins that can be used to turn genes on or off, and ZFP nucleases (ZFNsTMFACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="2"> ), proteins that enable us to modify DNA sequences in a variety of ways. As ZFPs act at the DNA level, they have broad potential applications in several areas including human therapeutics, plant agriculture, research
reagents and cell-line engineering.

The main focus for our company is the
development of novel human therapeutics and we are building a pipeline of ZFP Therapeutics
TM. Our lead ZFP Therapeutic, SB-509, a plasmid
formulation of a ZFP TF activator of the vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) gene, is under evaluation in three Phase 2 clinical trials for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy (DN) and one Phase 2 trial for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(ALS). We expect to have additional data from our Phase 2 trials in DN in 2009 and to complete enrollment and treatment in our Phase 2 study for ALS in 2009.

FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="2">In 2008 we filed an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and have initiated a Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate SB-728-T for the treatment of
HIV/AIDS. SB-728-T represents the first therapeutic application of our ZFN technology. In 2009 we also expect to file an IND application for a Phase 1 trial to evaluate a ZFN-based therapeutic for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme, a type of
brain cancer.

We have preclinical development programs of ZFP Therapeutics in spinal cord injury, stroke, traumatic brain injury,
neuropathic pain, and Parkinson’s disease. We have additional research-stage programs in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-linked SCID), hemophilia and hemoglobinopathies.

STYLE="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:4%">We believe the potential commercial applications of ZFPs are broad-based and we have capitalized on our ZFP platform by facilitating the sale or
licensing of ZFP TFs or ZFNs to companies working in fields outside human therapeutics.

 







 

 

We have a license agreement with Dow AgroSciences, LLC (“DAS”), a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Dow
Chemical Corporation. Under the agreement, Sangamo is providing DAS with access to Sangamo’s ZFP technology and the exclusive right to use it to modify the genomes or alter the nucleic acid or protein expression of plant cells, plants, or plant
cell cultures. DAS plans to market ZFP-derived plant products under the trademark EXZACT
TM Precision Technology. We have retained rights to use
plants or plant-derived products to deliver ZFP TFs or ZFNs into human or animals for diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic purposes.

 







 

 

We have a license agreement with the research reagent company Sigma-Aldrich Corporation (“Sigma”). Sigma has
the exclusive right to develop and market high value laboratory research reagents based upon Sangamo’s ZFP technology. Sigma is marketing ZFN-derived gene editing tools under the trademark CompoZr
SIZE="1">TM.

 







  

We also have license agreements with life sciences companies including Pfizer Inc, (“Pfizer”), Genentech Inc. (“Genentech”), Medarex, Inc., and
research agreements with Amgen Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc., Novartis A/G, and Kirin Brewery Company. Under these agreements, we are providing access to Sangamo’s proprietary ZFP technology to generate cell lines with novel characteristics for
protein pharmaceutical production.

We have a substantial intellectual property position in the design, selection,
composition, and use of engineered ZFPs to support all of these commercial activities. As of February 6, 2009, we either own outright or

 


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have exclusively licensed the commercial rights to approximately 243 patents issued in the United States and foreign national jurisdictions, and we have 244
patent applications owned and licensed pending worldwide. We continue to license and file new patent applications that strengthen our core and accessory patent portfolio. We believe that our proprietary position will protect our ability to research,
develop, and commercialize products and services based on ZFP technology across our chosen applications.

DNA, Genes, and Transcription Factors

DNA is present in all cells except mature red blood cells, and encodes the inherited characteristics of all living organisms. A cell’s
DNA is organized in chromosomes as thousands of individual units called genes. Genes encode proteins, which are assembled through the process of transcription—whereby DNA is transcribed into ribonucleic acid (RNA)—and, subsequently,
translation—whereby RNA is translated into protein. DNA, RNA, and proteins comprise many of the targets for pharmaceutical drug discovery and therapeutic intervention at the molecular level.

STYLE="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:4%">The human body is composed of specialized cells that perform different functions and are thus organized into tissues and organs. All somatic cells in an
individual’s body contain the same set of genes. However, only a fraction of these genes are turned on, or expressed, in an individual human cell at any given time. Genes are regulated, i.e. turned on or turned off, in response to a wide
variety of stimuli and developmental signals. Distinct sets of genes are expressed in different cell types. It is this pattern of gene expression that determines the structure, biological function, and health of all cells, tissues, and organisms.
The aberrant expression of certain genes can lead to disease.

Transcription factors are proteins that bind to DNA and regulate gene
expression. A transcription factor recognizes and binds to a specific DNA sequence within or near a particular gene and causes expression of that gene to be “turned on” (activated) or “turned off” (repressed). In higher
organisms, transcription factors typically comprise two principal domains: the first is a DNA-binding domain, which recognizes a target DNA sequence and thereby directs the transcription factor to the proper chromosomal location; the second is a
functional domain that causes the target gene to be activated or repressed (see Figure 1).



LOGO

Overview

We were incorporated in June 1995. From our inception through December 31, 2008, our activities related primarily to establishing and operating a biotechnology research and development organization and developing relationships with our corporate collaborators. Our scientific and business development endeavors currently focus on the engineering of novel zinc finger DNA-binding proteins (ZFPs) for the regulation and modification of genes. We have incurred net losses since inception and expect to incur losses in the future as we continue our research and development activities. To date, we have funded our operations primarily through the issuance of equity securities, borrowings, payments from research grants and from corporate collaborators and strategic partners. As of December 31, 2008, we had an accumulated deficit of $174.1 million.

Our revenues have consisted primarily of revenues from our corporate partners for ZFP transcription factors (ZFP TFs) and ZFP nucleases (ZFNs), contractual payments from strategic partners for research programs and research milestones, and research grant funding. We expect revenues will continue to fluctuate from period to period and there can be no assurance that new collaborations or partner fundings will continue beyond their initial terms.

In the development of our ZFP technology platform we have continued to place more emphasis internally on higher-value therapeutic product development and less on our Enabling Technology applications. We believe this shift in emphasis has the potential to increase the return on investment to our stockholders by allocating capital resources to higher value, therapeutic product development activities. At the same time, it may reduce our revenues over the next several years and subject us to higher financial risk by increasing expenses associated with product development. We have filed Investigational New Drug (IND) applications with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have initiated three Phase 2 clinical trials of a ZFP Therapeutic in subjects with diabetic neuropathy and one Phase 2 clinical trial in subjects with ALS. We are also conducting a Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate a ZFP Therapeutic for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Development of novel therapeutic products is costly and is subject to a lengthy and uncertain regulatory process by the FDA. Our future products are gene-based therapeutics. Adverse events in both our own clinical program and other programs may have a negative impact on regulatory approval, the willingness of potential commercial partners to enter into agreements and the perception of the public.

Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and personnel expenses, stock-based compensation expenses, laboratory supplies, pre-clinical and clinical studies, manufacturing expenses, allocated facilities expenses, subcontracted research expenses and expenses for trademark registration and technology licenses. Research and development costs incurred in connection with collaborator-funded activities are expensed as incurred. Costs to acquire technologies that are utilized in research and development and that have no alternative future use are expensed as incurred. We believe that continued investment in research and

 

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development is critical to attaining our strategic objectives. We expect these expenses will increase as we focus on development of ZFP Therapeutics. Additionally, in order to develop ZFP TFs and ZFNs as commercially relevant therapeutics, we expect to expend additional resources for expertise in the manufacturing, regulatory affairs and clinical research aspects of biotherapeutic development.

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and personnel expenses for executive, finance and administrative personnel, stock-based compensation expenses, professional fees, allocated facilities expenses, patent prosecution expenses and other general corporate expenses. As we pursue commercial development of our therapeutic leads we expect the business aspects of the Company to become more complex. We may be required in the future to add personnel and incur additional costs related to the maturity of our business.

Overview

STYLE="margin-top:6px;margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:4%">We were incorporated in June 1995. From our inception through December 31, 2008, our activities related primarily to establishing and operating a
biotechnology research and development organization and developing relationships with our corporate collaborators. Our scientific and business development endeavors currently focus on the engineering of novel zinc finger DNA-binding proteins (ZFPs)
for the regulation and modification of genes. We have incurred net losses since inception and expect to incur losses in the future as we continue our research and development activities. To date, we have funded our operations primarily through the
issuance of equity securities, borrowings, payments from research grants and from corporate collaborators and strategic partners. As of December 31, 2008, we had an accumulated deficit of $174.1 million.

STYLE="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:4%">Our revenues have consisted primarily of revenues from our corporate partners for ZFP transcription factors (ZFP TFs) and ZFP nucleases (ZFNs),
contractual payments from strategic partners for research programs and research milestones, and research grant funding. We expect revenues will continue to fluctuate from period to period and there can be no assurance that new collaborations or
partner fundings will continue beyond their initial terms.

In the development of our ZFP technology platform we have continued to place
more emphasis internally on higher-value therapeutic product development and less on our Enabling Technology applications. We believe this shift in emphasis has the potential to increase the return on investment to our stockholders by allocating
capital resources to higher value, therapeutic product development activities. At the same time, it may reduce our revenues over the next several years and subject us to higher financial risk by increasing expenses associated with product
development. We have filed Investigational New Drug (IND) applications with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have initiated three Phase 2 clinical trials of a ZFP Therapeutic in subjects with diabetic neuropathy and one
Phase 2 clinical trial in subjects with ALS. We are also conducting a Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate a ZFP Therapeutic for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Development of novel therapeutic products is costly and is subject to a lengthy and uncertain
regulatory process by the FDA. Our future products are gene-based therapeutics. Adverse events in both our own clinical program and other programs may have a negative impact on regulatory approval, the willingness of potential commercial partners to
enter into agreements and the perception of the public.

Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and personnel
expenses, stock-based compensation expenses, laboratory supplies, pre-clinical and clinical studies, manufacturing expenses, allocated facilities expenses, subcontracted research expenses and expenses for trademark registration and technology
licenses. Research and development costs incurred in connection with collaborator-funded activities are expensed as incurred. Costs to acquire technologies that are utilized in research and development and that have no alternative future use are
expensed as incurred. We believe that continued investment in research and

 


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development is critical to attaining our strategic objectives. We expect these expenses will increase as we focus on development of ZFP Therapeutics.
Additionally, in order to develop ZFP TFs and ZFNs as commercially relevant therapeutics, we expect to expend additional resources for expertise in the manufacturing, regulatory affairs and clinical research aspects of biotherapeutic development.

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and personnel expenses for executive, finance and administrative
personnel, stock-based compensation expenses, professional fees, allocated facilities expenses, patent prosecution expenses and other general corporate expenses. As we pursue commercial development of our therapeutic leads we expect the business
aspects of the Company to become more complex. We may be required in the future to add personnel and incur additional costs related to the maturity of our business.

FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="2">Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Such estimates are described in “Note 1—Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form our basis for making
judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources, and evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions or
conditions.

This excerpt taken from the SGMO 10-Q filed Nov 4, 2008.

Overview

We were incorporated in June 1995. From our inception through September 30, 2008, our activities related primarily to establishing and operating a biotechnology research and development organization and developing relationships with our corporate collaborators. Our scientific and business development endeavors currently focus on the engineering of novel zinc finger DNA-binding proteins (ZFPs) for the regulation and modification of genes. We have incurred net losses since inception and expect to incur losses in the future as we continue our research and development activities. To date, we have funded our operations primarily through the issuance of equity securities, borrowings, payments from research grants and from corporate collaborators and strategic partners. As of September 30, 2008, we had an accumulated deficit of $171.5 million.

Our revenues have consisted primarily of revenues from our corporate partners for ZFP TFs and ZFNs, contractual payments from strategic partners for research programs and research milestones, and research grant funding. We expect revenues will continue to fluctuate from period to period and there can be no assurance that new collaborations or partner fundings will continue beyond their initial terms.

We have continued to place more emphasis on higher-value therapeutic product development and related strategic partnerships and less emphasis on our Enabling Technology collaborations. We believe this shift in emphasis has the potential to increase the return on investment to our stockholders by allocating capital resources to higher value, therapeutic product development activities. At the same time, it may reduce our revenues over the next several years and subject us to higher financial risk by increasing expenses associated with product development. We filed an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have initiated three Phase 2 clinical trials of a ZFP Therapeutic in patients with diabetic neuropathy and one Phase 2 clinical trial in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Development of novel therapeutic products is costly and is subject to a lengthy and uncertain regulatory process by the FDA. Our future products are gene-based therapeutics. Adverse events in our own clinical program and other programs may have a negative impact on regulatory approval, the willingness of potential commercial partners to enter into agreements and the perception of the public.

Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and personnel expenses, pre-clinical and clinical studies, laboratory supplies, stock-based compensation expenses, allocated facilities costs, subcontracted research expenses, and expenses for technology licenses. Research and development costs incurred in connection with collaborator-funded activities are expensed as incurred. Costs to acquire technologies that are utilized in research and development and that have no alternative future use are expensed as incurred. We believe that continued investment in research and development is critical to attaining our strategic objectives. We expect these expenses will increase significantly as we focus increasingly on development of ZFP Therapeutics. Additionally, in order to develop ZFP TFs and ZFNs as commercially viable therapeutics, we expect to expend additional resources for expertise in the manufacturing, regulatory affairs and clinical research aspects of biotherapeutic development.

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and personnel expenses for executive, finance and administrative personnel, professional fees, patent prosecution expenses, allocated facilities costs and other general corporate expenses. As we pursue commercial development of our therapeutic leads we expect the business aspects of the Company to become more complex. We may be required in the future to add personnel and incur additional costs related to the maturity of our business.

 

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This excerpt taken from the SGMO 10-Q filed Aug 7, 2008.

Overview

We were incorporated in June 1995. From our inception through June 30, 2008, our activities related primarily to establishing and operating a biotechnology research and development organization and developing relationships with our corporate collaborators. Our scientific and business development endeavors currently focus on the engineering of novel zinc finger DNA-binding proteins (ZFPs) for the regulation and modification of genes. We have incurred net losses since inception and expect to incur losses in the future as we continue our research and development activities. To date, we have funded our operations primarily through the issuance of equity securities, borrowings, payments from research grants and from corporate collaborators and strategic partners. As of June 30, 2008, we had an accumulated deficit of $165.1 million.

Our revenues have consisted primarily of revenues from our corporate partners for ZFP TFs and ZFNs, contractual payments from strategic partners for research programs and research milestones, and research grant funding. We expect revenues will continue to fluctuate from period to period and there can be no assurance that new collaborations or partner fundings will continue beyond their initial terms.

We have continued to place more emphasis on higher-value therapeutic product development and related strategic partnerships and less emphasis on our Enabling Technology collaborations. We believe this shift in emphasis has the potential to increase the return on investment to our stockholders by allocating capital resources to higher value, therapeutic product development activities. At the same time, it may reduce our revenues over the next several years and subject us to higher financial risk by increasing expenses associated with product development. We filed an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have initiated three Phase 2 clinical trials of a ZFP Therapeutic in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Development of novel therapeutic products is costly and is subject to a lengthy and uncertain regulatory process by the FDA. Our future products are gene-based therapeutics. Adverse events in both our own clinical program and other programs may have a negative impact on regulatory approval, the willingness of potential commercial partners to enter into agreements and the perception of the public.

Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and personnel expenses, pre-clinical and clinical studies, laboratory supplies, stock-based compensation expenses, allocated facilities costs, subcontracted research expenses, and expenses for technology licenses. Research and development costs incurred in connection with collaborator-funded activities are expensed as incurred. Costs to acquire technologies that are utilized in research and development and that have no alternative future use are expensed as incurred. We believe that continued investment in research and development is critical to attaining our strategic objectives. We expect these expenses will increase significantly as we focus increasingly on development of ZFP Therapeutics. Additionally, in order to develop ZFP TFs and ZFNs as commercially relevant therapeutics, we expect to expend additional resources for expertise in the manufacturing, regulatory affairs and clinical research aspects of biotherapeutic development.

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and personnel expenses for executive, finance and administrative personnel, professional fees, patent prosecution expenses, allocated facilities costs and other general corporate expenses. As we pursue commercial development of our therapeutic leads we expect the business aspects of the Company to become more complex. We may be required in the future to add personnel and incur additional costs related to the maturity of our business.

This excerpt taken from the SGMO 10-Q filed May 9, 2008.

Overview

We were incorporated in June 1995. From our inception through March 31, 2008, our activities related primarily to establishing and operating a biotechnology research and development organization and developing relationships with our corporate collaborators. Our scientific and business development endeavors currently focus on the engineering of novel zinc finger DNA-binding proteins (ZFPs) for the regulation and modification of genes. We have incurred net losses since inception and expect to incur losses in the future as we continue our research and development activities. To date, we have funded our operations primarily through the issuance of equity securities, borrowings, payments from research grants and from corporate collaborators and strategic partners. As of March 31, 2008, we had an accumulated deficit of $157.7 million.

Our revenues have consisted primarily of revenues from our corporate partners for ZFP TFs and ZFNs, contractual payments from strategic partners for research programs and research milestones, and research grant funding. We expect revenues will continue to fluctuate from period to period and there can be no assurance that new collaborations or partner fundings will continue beyond their initial terms.

We have continued to place more emphasis on higher-value therapeutic product development and related strategic partnerships and less emphasis on our Enabling Technology collaborations. We believe this shift in emphasis has the potential to increase the return on investment to our stockholders by allocating capital resources to higher value, therapeutic product development activities. At the same time, it may reduce our revenues over the next several years and subject us to higher financial risk by increasing expenses associated with product development. We filed an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have initiated three Phase 2 clinical trials of a ZFP Therapeutic in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Development of novel therapeutic products is costly and is subject to a lengthy and uncertain regulatory process by the FDA. Our future products are gene-based therapeutics. Adverse events in both our own clinical program and other programs may have a negative impact on regulatory approval, the willingness of potential commercial partners to enter into agreements and the perception of the public.

Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel expenses, pre-clinical and clinical studies, laboratory supplies, stock-based compensation expenses, allocated facilities costs, subcontracted research expenses, and expenses for technology licenses. Research and development costs incurred in connection with collaborator-funded activities are expensed as incurred. Costs to acquire technologies that are utilized in research and development and that have no alternative future use are expensed as incurred. We believe that continued investment in research and development is critical to attaining our strategic objectives. We expect these expenses will increase significantly as we focus increasingly on development of ZFP Therapeutics. Additionally, in order to develop ZFP TFs and ZFNs as commercially relevant therapeutics, we expect to expend additional resources for expertise in the manufacturing, regulatory affairs and clinical research aspects of biotherapeutic development.

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel expenses for executive, finance and administrative personnel, professional fees, patent prosecution expenses, allocated facilities costs and other general corporate expenses. As we pursue commercial development of our therapeutic leads we expect the business aspects of the Company to become more complex. We may be required in the future to add personnel and incur additional costs related to the maturity of our business.

These excerpts taken from the SGMO 10-K filed Mar 3, 2008.

Overview

We were incorporated in June 1995. From our inception through December 31, 2007, our activities related primarily to establishing and operating a biotechnology research and development organization and developing relationships with our corporate collaborators. Our scientific and business development endeavors currently focus on the engineering of novel zinc finger DNA-binding proteins (ZFPs) for the regulation and modification of genes. We have incurred net losses since inception and expect to incur losses in the future as we continue our research and development activities. To date, we have funded our operations primarily through the issuance of equity securities, borrowings, payments from research grants and from corporate collaborators and strategic partners. As of December 31, 2007, we had an accumulated deficit of $149.8 million.

Our revenues have consisted primarily of revenues from our corporate partners for ZFP TFs and ZFNs, contractual payments from strategic partners for research programs and research milestones, and research grant funding. We expect revenues will continue to fluctuate from period to period and there can be no assurance that new collaborations or partner fundings will continue beyond their initial terms.

We have continued to place more emphasis on higher-value therapeutic product development and related strategic partnerships and less emphasis on our Enabling Technology collaborations. We believe this shift in emphasis has the potential to increase the return on investment to our stockholders by allocating capital resources to higher value, therapeutic product development activities. At the same time, it may reduce our revenues over the next several years and subject us to higher financial risk by increasing expenses associated with product development. We filed an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have initiated three Phase 2 clinical trial of a ZFP Therapeutic in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Development of novel therapeutic products is costly and is subject to a lengthy and uncertain regulatory process by the FDA. Our future products are gene-based therapeutics. Adverse events in both our own clinical program and other programs may have a negative impact on regulatory approval, the willingness of potential commercial partners to enter into agreements and the perception of the public.

Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel expenses, pre-clinical and clinical studies, laboratory supplies, stock-based compensation expenses, allocated facilities costs, subcontracted research expenses, and expenses for technology licenses. Research and development costs incurred in connection with collaborator-funded activities are expensed as incurred. Costs to acquire technologies that are utilized in research and development and that have no alternative future use are expensed as incurred. We believe that continued investment in research and development is critical to attaining our strategic objectives. We expect these expenses will increase significantly as we focus increasingly on development of ZFP Therapeutics. Additionally, in order to develop ZFP TFs and ZFNs as commercially relevant therapeutics, we expect to expend additional resources for expertise in the manufacturing, regulatory affairs and clinical research aspects of biotherapeutic development.

 

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General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel expenses for executive, finance and administrative personnel, professional fees, patent prosecution expenses, allocated facilities costs and other general corporate expenses. As we pursue commercial development of our therapeutic leads we expect the business aspects of the Company to become more complex. We may be required in the future to add personnel and incur additional costs related to the maturity of our business.

Overview

We were incorporated in June
1995. From our inception through December 31, 2007, our activities related primarily to establishing and operating a biotechnology research and development organization and developing relationships with our corporate collaborators. Our
scientific and business development endeavors currently focus on the engineering of novel zinc finger DNA-binding proteins (ZFPs) for the regulation and modification of genes. We have incurred net losses since inception and expect to incur losses in
the future as we continue our research and development activities. To date, we have funded our operations primarily through the issuance of equity securities, borrowings, payments from research grants and from corporate collaborators and strategic
partners. As of December 31, 2007, we had an accumulated deficit of $149.8 million.

Our revenues have consisted primarily of
revenues from our corporate partners for ZFP TFs and ZFNs, contractual payments from strategic partners for research programs and research milestones, and research grant funding. We expect revenues will continue to fluctuate from period to period
and there can be no assurance that new collaborations or partner fundings will continue beyond their initial terms.

We have continued to
place more emphasis on higher-value therapeutic product development and related strategic partnerships and less emphasis on our Enabling Technology collaborations. We believe this shift in emphasis has the potential to increase the return on
investment to our stockholders by allocating capital resources to higher value, therapeutic product development activities. At the same time, it may reduce our revenues over the next several years and subject us to higher financial risk by
increasing expenses associated with product development. We filed an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have initiated three Phase 2 clinical trial of a ZFP Therapeutic in
patients with diabetic neuropathy. Development of novel therapeutic products is costly and is subject to a lengthy and uncertain regulatory process by the FDA. Our future products are gene-based therapeutics. Adverse events in both our own clinical
program and other programs may have a negative impact on regulatory approval, the willingness of potential commercial partners to enter into agreements and the perception of the public.

STYLE="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:4%">Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel expenses, pre-clinical and clinical studies, laboratory supplies,
stock-based compensation expenses, allocated facilities costs, subcontracted research expenses, and expenses for technology licenses. Research and development costs incurred in connection with collaborator-funded activities are expensed as incurred.
Costs to acquire technologies that are utilized in research and development and that have no alternative future use are expensed as incurred. We believe that continued investment in research and development is critical to attaining our strategic
objectives. We expect these expenses will increase significantly as we focus increasingly on development of ZFP Therapeutics. Additionally, in order to develop ZFP TFs and ZFNs as commercially relevant therapeutics, we expect to expend additional
resources for expertise in the manufacturing, regulatory affairs and clinical research aspects of biotherapeutic development.

 


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General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel expenses for
executive, finance and administrative personnel, professional fees, patent prosecution expenses, allocated facilities costs and other general corporate expenses. As we pursue commercial development of our therapeutic leads we expect the business
aspects of the Company to become more complex. We may be required in the future to add personnel and incur additional costs related to the maturity of our business.

FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="2">Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Sangamo believes the following critical accounting policies reflect the more significant judgments and
estimates used in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements.

This excerpt taken from the SGMO 10-K filed Mar 16, 2006.
Overview
 
We were incorporated in June 1995. From our inception through December 31, 2005, our activities related primarily to establishing and operating a biotechnology research and development organization and developing relationships with our corporate collaborators. Our scientific and business development endeavors currently focus on the engineering of novel zinc finger DNA binding proteins (ZFPs) for the regulation and modification of genes. We have incurred net losses since inception and expect to incur losses in the future as we continue our research and development activities. To date, we have funded our operations primarily through the issuance of equity securities, borrowings, payments from federal government research grants and from corporate collaborators and strategic partners. As of December 31, 2005, we had an accumulated deficit of $110.4 million.
 
Our revenues have consisted primarily of revenues from our corporate partners for ZFP TFs and ZFNs, contractual payments from strategic partners for research programs and research milestones, and Federal government research grant funding. We expect revenues will continue to fluctuate from period to period and there can be no assurance that new collaborations or partner fundings will continue beyond their initial terms.
 
In 2005, we have placed more emphasis on higher-value therapeutic product development and related strategic partnerships and less emphasis on our Enabling Technology collaborations. We believe this shift in emphasis has the potential to increase the return on investment to our stockholders by allocating capital resources to higher value, therapeutic product development activities. At the same time, it may reduce our revenues over the next several years and it increases our financial risk by increasing expenses associated with product development. We have filed an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have initiated a Phase 1 clinical trial of a ZFP Therapeutic in patients with diabetic neuropathy during the first quarter of 2005. Development of novel therapeutic products is costly and is subject to a lengthy and uncertain regulatory process by the FDA. Our future products are gene-based therapeutics. Adverse events in both our own clinical program and other programs in gene therapy may have a negative impact on regulatory approval, the willingness of potential commercial partners to enter into agreements and the perception of the public.
 
Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel expenses, laboratory supplies, allocated facilities costs, subcontracted research expenses, and expenses for patent prosecution, trademark registration and technology licenses. Research and development costs incurred in connection with collaborator-funded activities are expensed as incurred. We believe that continued investment in research and development is critical to attaining our strategic objectives. We expect these expenses will increase significantly as we focus increasingly on development of ZFP Therapeutics. The Company is also developing zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) for therapeutic gene correction and therapeutic gene modification as a treatment and possible cure for certain monogenic and infectious diseases. Additionally, in order to develop ZFP TFs and ZFNs as commercially relevant therapeutics, we expect to expend additional resources for expertise in the manufacturing, regulatory affairs and clinical research aspects of biotherapeutic development.
 
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel expenses for executive, finance and administrative personnel, professional fees, allocated facilities costs and other general corporate


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expenses. As we pursue commercial development of our therapeutic leads we expect the business aspects of the Company to become more complex. We may be required in the future to add personnel and incur additional costs related to the maturity of our business.
 
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