SOHU » Topics » Our PRC Corporate Structure

These excerpts taken from the SOHU 10-K filed Feb 26, 2009.

Our PRC Corporate Structure

We have the following subsidiaries in China:

 

   

Sohu Era, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 

   

Sohu Media, established in 2006 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 

   

Sohu Software, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 

   

Sogou Technology, established in 2006 by Sogou BVI;

 

   

Go2Map Software, acquired in 2005 as a result of the acquisition of Go2Map Inc;

 

   

AmazGame, established in 2007 by Changyou.com (Hong Kong) Limited; and.

 

   

New Software, established in 2008 by Sohu Era

Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software, AmazGame and New Software are structured to engage in the development of Internet technologies, online game and related software. Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software, and AmazGame are wholly foreign-owned companies, while New Software is a company invested by a wholly foreign-owned company. Under current PRC laws, the establishment of wholly foreign-owned companies must be approved by the relevant local branch of the Ministry of Commerce, and such companies may commence operations only upon the issuance of a business license by the relevant local branch of the State AIC, such as the Beijing AIC. Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software, AmazGame and New Software have been issued business licenses by Beijing AIC, and Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sogou Technology, have obtained a New Technology Enterprise Qualification Certificate issued by Beijing Science and Technology Commission.

In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers, Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software, AmazGame and New Software have presently satisfied both of the aforementioned requirements.

As mentioned above, the telecommunications value-added services business is an area in which foreign investment is restricted. Thus, we have established the following VIEs through contractual arrangements with our subsidiaries to perform certain value-added telecommunications services.

 

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High Century, a PRC company established in 2001, and 80% owned by Dr. Zhang, our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and 20% owned by one of our employees. High Century is structured as an investment management and consulting company in China;

 

   

Sohu Entertainment, formerly known as Beijing Hengda Yitong Internet Technology Development Co., Ltd. (or Hengda), a PRC company established in 2002, which is owned by two of our employees. Hengda is structured to provide Internet-related services in China. The company’s name of Hengda was changed to Sohu Entertainment as of June 9, 2006;

 

   

Sohu Internet, a PRC company established in 2003, that is 75% owned by High Century and 25% owned by Sohu Entertainment. Sohu Internet is structured to provide Internet-related services in China;

 

   

GoodFeel, a PRC company we acquired in 2004. GoodFeel is owned by two of our employees and has entered into a series of agreements to provide wireless services in China;

 

   

Beijing Fire Fox, also known as Beijing Huohu Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Huohu), a PRC company established in 2005. Beijing Fire Fox is owned by Sohu Era, which was originally structured to carry out game development. On December 1, 2007, Beijing Fire Fox transferred all of assets and business operations to AmazGame;

 

   

Tu Xing Tian Xia, a PRC company we acquired in 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively. Tu Xing Tian Xia is structured to provide online mapping service in China;

 

   

Feng Yang Tian Lang, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet each holds 50% of the equity interests in Feng Yang Tian Lang, which is structured to engage in the online advertising business;

 

   

Sogou Information, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. Sogou Information is owned by two of our employees and is structured to provide Internet-related services in China;

 

   

21 East Beijing, a PRC company engaging in entertainment business in China. We acquired 70% interests in 21 East Beijing through High Century in October 2006. The remaining 30% interests in 21 East Beijing was owned by one of our employees;

 

   

Gamease, a PRC company that we established in September 2007. Gamease is owned by two of our employees and is structured to provide online game services in China; and

 

   

New 21 East, a PRC company that we established in December 2007 and engaging in entertainment business in China. New 21 East is 70% owned by High Century and 30% owned by one of our employees.

Sohu has extended interest-free loans to the individual shareholders of the VIEs to fund their capital investment in the VIEs. We have also entered into a series of agreements with the individual shareholders to transfer their shares in the VIEs to us when required to do so. All of our VIEs presently have valid business licenses issued by the relevant local branch of the State AIC.

In January 2008, we completed the liquidation of one of our former VIEs, Guangzhou Sohu Interactive Network Technology Co., Ltd. (or Guangzhou Interactive), a PRC company that was 50% owned by Sohu Internet and 50% owned by High Century.

The MIIT promulgated on July 13, 2006 a Notice of the Ministry of Information Industry on Intensifying the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications Services. The notice is designed to strengthen the administration of foreign investment in PRC telecommunication businesses, particularly those involving value-added telecommunications services, which encompass a wide variety of activities related to the provision of service/content via telecommunications networks. As such, the notice requires the following: Telecom companies (or their shareholders) must hold the domain names and trademarks that they use in their provision of value-added telecommunication services, and must hold necessary business premises and facilities (including servers) within the region covered by their ICP licenses and correspond to the ICP services.

In compliance with the Notice of the Ministry of Information Industry on Intensifying the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications Services, an enterprise holding an ICP license must be the entity that possesses the key intellectual property rights, e.g., domain names and trademarks. In this connection, Sohu Era has transferred some of its domain names and trademarks to Sohu Internet, which will license the same to Sohu Era and Sohu Media.

In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers, the ownership structures of each of Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software, AmazGame, New Software, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, GoodFeel, Beijing Fire Fox, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information, 21 East Beijing, Gamease and New 21 East comply with all existing laws, rules and regulations of the PRC and each of the eighteen companies as described herein has the full legal right, power and authority, and has been duly approved to carry on and engage in the business as described in its business license.

 

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Table of Contents

Our PRC Corporate Structure

FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="2">We have the following subsidiaries in China:

 







  

Sohu Era, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 







  

Sohu Media, established in 2006 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 







  

Sohu Software, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 







  

Sogou Technology, established in 2006 by Sogou BVI;

 







  

Go2Map Software, acquired in 2005 as a result of the acquisition of Go2Map Inc;

STYLE="font-size:6px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"> 







  

AmazGame, established in 2007 by Changyou.com (Hong Kong) Limited; and.

STYLE="font-size:6px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"> 







  

New Software, established in 2008 by Sohu Era

Sohu
Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software, AmazGame and New Software are structured to engage in the development of Internet technologies, online game and related software. Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou
Technology, Go2Map Software, and AmazGame are wholly foreign-owned companies, while New Software is a company invested by a wholly foreign-owned company. Under current PRC laws, the establishment of wholly foreign-owned companies must be approved by
the relevant local branch of the Ministry of Commerce, and such companies may commence operations only upon the issuance of a business license by the relevant local branch of the State AIC, such as the Beijing AIC. Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu
Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software, AmazGame and New Software have been issued business licenses by Beijing AIC, and Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sogou Technology, have obtained a New Technology Enterprise Qualification Certificate issued by
Beijing Science and Technology Commission.

In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers, Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software,
AmazGame and New Software have presently satisfied both of the aforementioned requirements.

As mentioned above, the telecommunications value-added
services business is an area in which foreign investment is restricted. Thus, we have established the following VIEs through contractual arrangements with our subsidiaries to perform certain value-added telecommunications services.

STYLE="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"> 


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High Century, a PRC company established in 2001, and 80% owned by Dr. Zhang, our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and 20% owned by one of our
employees. High Century is structured as an investment management and consulting company in China;

 







  

Sohu Entertainment, formerly known as Beijing Hengda Yitong Internet Technology Development Co., Ltd. (or Hengda), a PRC company established in 2002, which is owned
by two of our employees. Hengda is structured to provide Internet-related services in China. The company’s name of Hengda was changed to Sohu Entertainment as of June 9, 2006;

STYLE="font-size:6px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"> 







  

Sohu Internet, a PRC company established in 2003, that is 75% owned by High Century and 25% owned by Sohu Entertainment. Sohu Internet is structured to provide
Internet-related services in China;

 







  

GoodFeel, a PRC company we acquired in 2004. GoodFeel is owned by two of our employees and has entered into a series of agreements to provide wireless services in
China;

 







  

Beijing Fire Fox, also known as Beijing Huohu Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Huohu), a PRC company established in 2005. Beijing Fire Fox is owned by Sohu Era,
which was originally structured to carry out game development. On December 1, 2007, Beijing Fire Fox transferred all of assets and business operations to AmazGame;

STYLE="font-size:6px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"> 







  

Tu Xing Tian Xia, a PRC company we acquired in 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively. Tu Xing Tian
Xia is structured to provide online mapping service in China;

 







  

Feng Yang Tian Lang, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet each holds 50% of the equity interests in Feng Yang Tian
Lang, which is structured to engage in the online advertising business;

 







  

Sogou Information, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. Sogou Information is owned by two of our employees and is structured to provide
Internet-related services in China;

 







  

21 East Beijing, a PRC company engaging in entertainment business in China. We acquired 70% interests in 21 East Beijing through High Century in October 2006. The
remaining 30% interests in 21 East Beijing was owned by one of our employees;

 







  

Gamease, a PRC company that we established in September 2007. Gamease is owned by two of our employees and is structured to provide online game services in China;
and

 







  

New 21 East, a PRC company that we established in December 2007 and engaging in entertainment business in China. New 21 East is 70% owned by High Century and 30%
owned by one of our employees.

Sohu has extended interest-free loans to the individual shareholders of the VIEs to fund their capital
investment in the VIEs. We have also entered into a series of agreements with the individual shareholders to transfer their shares in the VIEs to us when required to do so. All of our VIEs presently have valid business licenses issued by the
relevant local branch of the State AIC.

In January 2008, we completed the liquidation of one of our former VIEs, Guangzhou Sohu Interactive Network
Technology Co., Ltd. (or Guangzhou Interactive), a PRC company that was 50% owned by Sohu Internet and 50% owned by High Century.

The MIIT promulgated on
July 13, 2006 a Notice of the Ministry of Information Industry on Intensifying the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications Services. The notice is designed to strengthen the administration of foreign
investment in PRC telecommunication businesses, particularly those involving value-added telecommunications services, which encompass a wide variety of activities related to the provision of service/content via telecommunications networks. As such,
the notice requires the following: Telecom companies (or their shareholders) must hold the domain names and trademarks that they use in their provision of value-added telecommunication services, and must hold necessary business premises and
facilities (including servers) within the region covered by their ICP licenses and correspond to the ICP services.

In compliance with the Notice of the
Ministry of Information Industry on Intensifying the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications Services,
an enterprise holding an ICP license must be the entity that possesses the key intellectual property rights,
e.g., domain names and trademarks. In this connection, Sohu Era has transferred some of its domain names and trademarks to Sohu Internet, which will license the same to Sohu Era and Sohu Media.

STYLE="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:0px">In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers, the ownership structures of each of Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software, AmazGame, New Software,
High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, GoodFeel, Beijing Fire Fox, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information, 21 East Beijing, Gamease and New 21 East comply with all existing laws, rules and regulations of the PRC and each
of the eighteen companies as described herein has the full legal right, power and authority, and has been duly approved to carry on and engage in the business as described in its business license.

STYLE="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"> 


-10-







Table of Contents


These excerpts taken from the SOHU 10-K filed Feb 28, 2008.

Our PRC Corporate Structure

We have the following subsidiaries in China:

 

   

Sohu Era, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 

   

Sohu Media, established in 2006 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 

   

Sohu Software, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 

   

Sogou Technology, established in 2006 by Sogou BVI;

 

   

Go2Map Software, acquired in 2005 as a result of the acquisition of Go2Map Inc; and

 

   

AmazGame Age, established in 2007 by TL Age Hong Kong.

Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software and AmazGame Age are structured as wholly foreign-owned companies engaged in the development of Internet technologies, online game and related software. Under current PRC laws, the establishment of wholly foreign-owned companies must be approved by the relevant local branch of the MOC, and such companies may commence operations only upon the issuance of a business license by the relevant local branch of the State AIC, such as the Beijing AIC. Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software and AmazGame Age have been issued business licenses by Beijing AIC, and Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software and AmazGame Age have obtained a New Technology Enterprise Qualification Certificate issued by Beijing Science and Technology Commission.

 

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Table of Contents

In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers, Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software and AmazGame Age have presently satisfied both of the aforementioned requirements.

As mentioned above, the telecommunications value-added services business is an area in which foreign investment is restricted. Thus, we have established the following VIEs through contractual arrangements with our subsidiaries to perform certain value-added telecommunications services.

 

   

High Century, a PRC company established in 2001, and 80% owned by Dr. Zhang, our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and 20% owned by one of our employees. High Century is structured as an investment management and consulting company in China;

 

   

Sohu Entertainment, formerly known as Beijing Hengda Yitong Internet Technology Development Co., Ltd, or Hengda, a PRC company established in 2002, that is owned by two of our employees. Hengda is structured to provide Internet-related services in China. The company’s name of Hengda was changed to Sohu Entertainment as of June 9, 2006;

 

   

Sohu Internet, a PRC company established in 2003, that is 75% owned by High Century and 25% owned by Sohu Entertainment. Sohu Internet is structured to provide Internet-related services in China;

 

   

Goodfeel, a PRC company we acquired in 2004. Goodfeel is owned by two of our employees and has entered into a series of agreements to provide wireless services in China;

 

   

Huohu, a PRC company established in 2005. Huohu is owned by Sohu Era and an employee of Sohu. Huohu is structured to engage in software and technology development for the game business;

 

   

Tu Xing Tian Xia, a PRC company we acquired in 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively. Tu Xing Tian Xia is structured to provide online mapping service in China;

 

   

Feng Yang Tian Lang, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet each holds 50% of the equity interests in Feng Yang Tian Lang, which is structured to engage in the online advertising business;

 

   

Sogou Information, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. Sogou Information is owned by two of our employees and is structured to provide Internet-related services in China;

 

   

21 East Beijing, a PRC company engaging in entertainment business in China. We acquired 70% interests in 21 East Beijing through High Century in October 2006. The remaining 30% interests in 21 East Beijing was owned by one of our employees;

 

   

Gamease Age, a PRC company that we established in September 2007. Gamease Age is owned by two of our employees and is structured to provide online game services in China; and

 

   

New 21 East, a PRC company that we established in December 2007 and engaging in entertainment business in China. New 21 East is 70% owned by High Century and 30% owned by one of our employees.

Sohu has extended interest-free loans to the individual shareholders of the VIEs to fund their capital investment in the VIEs. We have also entered into a series of agreements with the individual shareholders to transfer their shares in the VIEs to us when required to do so. All of our VIEs presently have valid business licenses issued by the relevant local branch of the State AIC. In addition, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Sogou Information and Gamease Age have been issued New Technology Enterprise Qualification Certificates by Beijing Science and Technology Commission.

 

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In February 2007, we completed the liquidation of one of our former VIEs, Beijing Sohu Online Network Information Services, Ltd. (or Beijing Sohu), a PRC company that was 80% owned by Dr. Zhang, our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and 20% owned by High Century.

In July 2007, we completed the liquidation of one of our former subsidiaries, Beijing ITC, a wholly foreign-owned company established by Sohu Hong Kong.

In January 2008, we completed the liquidation of one of our former VIEs, Guangzhou Sohu Interactive Network Technology Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou Interactive), a PRC company that was 50% owned by Sohu Internet and 50% owned by High Century.

The MII promulgated on July 13, 2006 a Notice of the Ministry of Information Industry on Intensifying the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications Services. The notice is designed to strengthen the administration of foreign investment in PRC telecommunication businesses, particularly those involving value-added telecommunications services, which encompass a wide variety of activities related to the provision of service/content via telecommunications networks. As such, the notice requires the following: Telecom companies (or their shareholders) must hold the domain names and trademarks that they use in their provision of value-added telecommunication services, and must hold necessary business premises and facilities (including servers) within the region covered by their ICP licenses and correspond to the ICP services.

In compliance with the Notice of the Ministry of Information Industry on Intensifying the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications Services, an enterprise holding an ICP license must be the entity that possesses the key intellectual property rights, e.g., domain names and trademarks. In this connection, Sohu Era is in the process of transferring several of its domain names and trademarks to Sohu Internet, which will license the same to Sohu Era and Sohu Media.

In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers, the ownership structures of each of Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software, AmazGame Age, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information, 21 East Beijing, Gamease Age and New 21 East comply with all existing laws, rules and regulations of the PRC and each of the seventeen companies as described herein has the full legal right, power and authority, and has been duly approved to carry on and engage in the business as described in its business license.

Our PRC Corporate Structure

FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="2">We have the following subsidiaries in China:

 







  

Sohu Era, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 







  

Sohu Media, established in 2006 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 







  

Sohu Software, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 







  

Sogou Technology, established in 2006 by Sogou BVI;

 







  

Go2Map Software, acquired in 2005 as a result of the acquisition of Go2Map Inc; and

STYLE="font-size:6px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"> 







  

AmazGame Age, established in 2007 by TL Age Hong Kong.

SIZE="2">Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software and AmazGame Age are structured as wholly foreign-owned companies engaged in the development of Internet technologies, online game and related software. Under current
PRC laws, the establishment of wholly foreign-owned companies must be approved by the relevant local branch of the MOC, and such companies may commence operations only upon the issuance of a business license by the relevant local branch of the State
AIC, such as the Beijing AIC. Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software and AmazGame Age have been issued business licenses by Beijing AIC, and Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software and
AmazGame Age have obtained a New Technology Enterprise Qualification Certificate issued by Beijing Science and Technology Commission.

 


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Table of Contents


In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers, Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software and AmazGame
Age have presently satisfied both of the aforementioned requirements.

As mentioned above, the telecommunications value-added services business is an area
in which foreign investment is restricted. Thus, we have established the following VIEs through contractual arrangements with our subsidiaries to perform certain value-added telecommunications services.

STYLE="font-size:6px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"> 







  

High Century, a PRC company established in 2001, and 80% owned by Dr. Zhang, our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and 20% owned by one of our
employees. High Century is structured as an investment management and consulting company in China;

 







  

Sohu Entertainment, formerly known as Beijing Hengda Yitong Internet Technology Development Co., Ltd, or Hengda, a PRC company established in 2002, that is owned by
two of our employees. Hengda is structured to provide Internet-related services in China. The company’s name of Hengda was changed to Sohu Entertainment as of June 9, 2006;

STYLE="font-size:6px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"> 







  

Sohu Internet, a PRC company established in 2003, that is 75% owned by High Century and 25% owned by Sohu Entertainment. Sohu Internet is structured to provide
Internet-related services in China;

 







  

Goodfeel, a PRC company we acquired in 2004. Goodfeel is owned by two of our employees and has entered into a series of agreements to provide wireless services in
China;

 







  

Huohu, a PRC company established in 2005. Huohu is owned by Sohu Era and an employee of Sohu. Huohu is structured to engage in software and technology development
for the game business;

 







  

Tu Xing Tian Xia, a PRC company we acquired in 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively. Tu Xing Tian
Xia is structured to provide online mapping service in China;

 







  

Feng Yang Tian Lang, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet each holds 50% of the equity interests in Feng Yang Tian
Lang, which is structured to engage in the online advertising business;

 







  

Sogou Information, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. Sogou Information is owned by two of our employees and is structured to provide
Internet-related services in China;

 







  

21 East Beijing, a PRC company engaging in entertainment business in China. We acquired 70% interests in 21 East Beijing through High Century in October 2006. The
remaining 30% interests in 21 East Beijing was owned by one of our employees;

 







  

Gamease Age, a PRC company that we established in September 2007. Gamease Age is owned by two of our employees and is structured to provide online game services in
China; and

 







  

New 21 East, a PRC company that we established in December 2007 and engaging in entertainment business in China. New 21 East is 70% owned by High Century and 30%
owned by one of our employees.

Sohu has extended interest-free loans to the individual shareholders of the VIEs to fund their capital
investment in the VIEs. We have also entered into a series of agreements with the individual shareholders to transfer their shares in the VIEs to us when required to do so. All of our VIEs presently have valid business licenses issued by the
relevant local branch of the State AIC. In addition, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Sogou Information and Gamease Age have been issued New Technology Enterprise Qualification Certificates by Beijing Science and
Technology Commission.

 


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Table of Contents


In February 2007, we completed the liquidation of one of our former VIEs, Beijing Sohu Online Network Information
Services, Ltd. (or Beijing Sohu), a PRC company that was 80% owned by Dr. Zhang, our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and 20% owned by High Century.

FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="2">In July 2007, we completed the liquidation of one of our former subsidiaries, Beijing ITC, a wholly foreign-owned company established by Sohu Hong Kong.

FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="2">In January 2008, we completed the liquidation of one of our former VIEs, Guangzhou Sohu Interactive Network Technology Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou Interactive), a PRC company that was 50% owned by Sohu Internet and 50% owned
by High Century.

The MII promulgated on July 13, 2006 a Notice of the Ministry of Information Industry on Intensifying the Administration of
Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications Services
. The notice is designed to strengthen the administration of foreign investment in PRC telecommunication businesses, particularly those involving value-added telecommunications
services, which encompass a wide variety of activities related to the provision of service/content via telecommunications networks. As such, the notice requires the following: Telecom companies (or their shareholders) must hold the domain names and
trademarks that they use in their provision of value-added telecommunication services, and must hold necessary business premises and facilities (including servers) within the region covered by their ICP licenses and correspond to the ICP services.

In compliance with the Notice of the Ministry of Information Industry on Intensifying the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added
Telecommunications Services,
an enterprise holding an ICP license must be the entity that possesses the key intellectual property rights, e.g., domain names and trademarks. In this connection, Sohu Era is in the process of transferring
several of its domain names and trademarks to Sohu Internet, which will license the same to Sohu Era and Sohu Media.

In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers,
the ownership structures of each of Sohu Era, Sohu Media, Sohu Software, Sogou Technology, Go2Map Software, AmazGame Age, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information, 21
East Beijing, Gamease Age and New 21 East comply with all existing laws, rules and regulations of the PRC and each of the seventeen companies as described herein has the full legal right, power and authority, and has been duly approved to carry on
and engage in the business as described in its business license.

This excerpt taken from the SOHU 10-K filed Mar 8, 2007.

Our PRC Corporate Structure

We have the following subsidiaries in China:

 

   

Beijing ITC, established in 1997 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 

   

Sohu Era, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 

   

Sohu Software, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 

   

Go2Map Software, acquired in 2005 as a result of the acquisition of Go2Map Inc;

 

   

Sogou Technology, established in 2006 by Sogou BVI; and

 

   

Sohu Media, established in 2006 by Sohu Hong Kong.

Beijing ITC, Sohu Era, Sohu Software, Go2Map Software, Sogou Technology and Sohu Media are structured as wholly foreign-owned companies engaged in the development of Internet technologies and related software. Under current PRC law, the establishment of wholly foreign-owned companies must be approved by the relevant local branch of the MOC, and such companies may commence operations only upon the issuance of a business license by the relevant local branch of the State AIC, such as the Beijing AIC. Beijing ITC, Sohu Era, Sohu Software, Go2Map Software, Sogou Technology and Sohu Media have been issued business licenses by Beijing AIC, and Sohu Era, Sohu Software, Go2Map Software, Sogou Technology and Sohu Media have obtained a New Technology Enterprise Qualification Certificate issued by Beijing Science and Technology Commission.

In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers, Beijing ITC, Sohu Era, Sohu Software, Go2Map Software, Sogou Technology and Sohu Media have presently satisfied both of the aforementioned requirements.

As mentioned above, the telecommunications value-added services business is an area in which foreign investment is restricted. Thus, we have established the following VIEs through contractual arrangements with our subsidiaries to perform certain value-added telecommunications services.

 

   

High Century, a PRC company established in 2001, and 80% owned by Dr. Zhang, our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and 20% owned by one of our employees. High Century is structured as an investment management and consulting company in China;

 

   

Sohu Entertainment, formerly known as Beijing Hengda Yitong Internet Technology Development Co., Ltd, or Hengda, a PRC company established in 2002, that is owned by two of our employees. Hengda is structured to provide Internet-related services in China. The company’s name of Hengda was changed to Sohu Entertainment as of June 9, 2006;

 

   

Sohu Internet, a PRC company established in 2003, that is 75% owned by High Century and 25% owned by Sohu Entertainment. Sohu Internet is structured to provide Internet-related services in China;

 

   

Goodfeel, a PRC company we acquired in 2004. Goodfeel is owned by two of our employees and has entered into a series of agreements to provide wireless services in China;

 

   

Huohu, a PRC company established in 2005. Huohu is owned by Sohu Era and an employee of Sohu. Huohu is structured to engage in software and technology development for the gaming business;

 

   

Tu Xing Tian Xia, a PRC company we acquired in 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively. Tu Xing Tian Xia is structured to provide online mapping service in China;

 

   

Feng Yang Tian Lang, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet each hold 50% of the equity interests in Feng Yang Tian Lang, which is structured to engage in the online advertising business;

 

   

Sogou Information, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. Sogou Information is owned by two of our employees and is structured to provide Internet-related services in China;

 

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Guangzhou Interactive, a PRC company that we established in November 2006. Guangzhou Interactive is 50% owned by Sohu Internet and 50% owned by High Century. Guangzhou Interactive is structured to provide Internet-related and wireless services in Guangdong; and

 

   

21 East Beijing, a PRC company engaging in entertainment business in China. We acquired 70% interests in 21 East Beijing through High Century in October 2006. The remaining 30% interests in 21 East Beijing were owned by third party individuals.

Sohu has extended interest-free loans to the individual shareholders of the VIEs to fund their capital investment in the VIEs. We have also entered into a series of agreements with the individual shareholders to transfer their shares in the VIEs to us when required to do so. All of our VIEs presently have valid business licenses issued by the relevant local branch of the State AIC. In addition, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia and Sogou Information have been issued New Technology Enterprise Qualification Certificates by Beijing Science and Technology Commission.

In February 2007, we completed the liquidation of one of our former VIEs, Beijing Sohu Online Network Information Services, Ltd. (or Beijing Sohu), a PRC company that was 80% owned by Dr. Zhang, our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and 20% owned by High Century. In addition, Beijing ITC is in the process of liquidation.

The MII promulgated on July 13, 2006 a Notice of the Ministry of Information Industry on Intensifying the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications Services. The notice is designed to strengthen the administration of foreign investment in PRC telecommunication businesses, particularly those involving value-added telecommunications services, which encompass a wide variety of activities related to the provision of service/content via telecommunications networks. As such, the notice requires the following: Telecom companies (or their shareholders) must hold the domain names and trademarks that they use in their provision of value-added telecommunication services, and must hold necessary business premises and facilities (including servers) within the region covered by their ICP licenses and correspond to the ICP services.

In compliance with the Notice of the Ministry of Information Industry on Intensifying the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications Services, an enterprise holding an ICP permit must be the entity that possesses the key intellectual property rights, e.g., domain names and trademarks. In this connection, Sohu Era is in the process of transferring several of its domain names and trademarks to Sohu Internet, which will license the same to Sohu Era and Sohu Media.

In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers, the ownership structures of each of Beijing ITC, Sohu Era, Sohu Software, Go2Map Software, Sogou Technology, Sohu Media, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information, Guangzhou Interactive and 21East Beijing comply with all existing laws, rules and regulations of the PRC and each of the sixteen companies as described herein has the full legal right, power and authority, and has been duly approved to carry on and engage in the business as described in its business license.

This excerpt taken from the SOHU 10-K filed Feb 28, 2006.

Our PRC Corporate Structure

We have the following wholly owned subsidiaries in China:

 

    Beijing ITC, established in 1997 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 

    Sohu Era, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong;

 

    Sohu Software, established in 2003 by Sohu Hong Kong; and

 

    Go2Map Software, acquired in 2005 as a result of the acquisition of Go2Map Inc.

Beijing ITC, Sohu Era, Sohu Software and Go2Map Software are structured as wholly foreign-owned companies engaged in the development of Internet technologies and related software. Under current PRC law, the legal establishment of wholly foreign-owned companies must be approved by the relevant local branch of the MOC, and such companies may commence operations only upon the issuance of a business license by the relevant local branch of the State AIC, such as the Beijing AIC, Beijing ITC, Sohu Era, Sohu Software and Go2Map Software have been issued business licenses by Beijing AIC, and each of them has obtained a New Technology Enterprise Qualification Certificate issued by Beijing Science and Technology Commission.

In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers, Beijing ITC, Sohu Era, Sohu Software and Go2Map Software have presently satisfied both of the aforementioned requirements.

As mentioned above, telecommunications value-added services business is an area in which foreign investment is restricted. Thus, we have established the following VIEs through contractual arrangements with our subsidiaries to perform certain value-added telecommunications services.

 

    Beijing Sohu, a PRC company established in 1998, and 80% owned by Dr. Charles Zhang, our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and 20% owned by High Century. Beijing Sohu is structured to provide Internet-related services in China;

 

    High Century, a PRC company established in 2001, and 80% owned by Dr. Charles Zhang, our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and 20% owned by one of our non-executive employees. High Century is structured as an investment management and consulting company in China;

 

    Hengda, a PRC company established in 2002, that is owned by two of our non-executive employees. Hengda is structured to provide Internet-related services in China;

 

    Sohu Internet, a PRC company established in 2003, that is 75% owned by High Century and 25% owned by Hengda. Sohu Internet is structured to provide Internet-related services in China;

 

    Goodfeel, a PRC company we acquired in 2004. Goodfeel is owned by two of our non-executive employees and has entered into a series of agreements to provide wireless services in China;

 

    Huohu, a PRC company established in 2005. Huohu is owned by Sohu Era and an employee of Sohu. Huohu is structured to engage in software and technology development for the gaming business;

 

    Tu Xing Tian Xia, a PRC companies we acquired in 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively. Tu Xing Tian Xia is structure to provide online mapping service in China;

 

    Feng Yang Tian Lang, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. High Century and Sohu Internet each holds 50% of the equity interests in Feng Yang Tian Lang, which is structured to engage in the online advertising business; and

 

    Sogou Information, a PRC company that we established in December 2005. Sogou Information is owned by two of our non-executive employees and is structured to provide Internet-related services in China.

Sohu has extended interest-free loans to those individuals to fund their capital investment in these VIEs. We have also entered into a series of agreements with the individual shareholders to transfer their shares in the VIEs to us

 

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when required to do so. All of our VIEs presently have valid business licenses issued by the relevant local branch of the State AIC. In addition, Hengda, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Tu Xing Tian Xian, and Huohu have been issued New Technology Enterprise Qualification Certificates by Beijing Science and Technology Commission.

In the opinion of TransAsia Lawyers, the ownership structures of each of Beijing ITC, Sohu Era, Sohu Software, Go2Map Software, Beijing Sohu, High Century, Hengda, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang and Sogou Information comply with all existing laws, rules and regulations of the PRC and each of the thirteen companies as described herein has the full legal right, power and authority, and has been duly approved to carry on and engage in the business as described in its business license.

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