SOHU » Topics » 7. VIEs

This excerpt taken from the SOHU 10-K filed Feb 26, 2009.

(a) VIEs

FIN 46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” requires a VIE to be consolidated by a company if that company is the primary beneficiary of that VIE.

 

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To satisfy PRC laws and regulations, the Company conducts its Internet information, wireless and certain other businesses in the PRC via its VIEs. These VIEs are directly or indirectly owned by Dr. Charles Zhang (“Dr. Zhang”), the Company’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and a major shareholder, and certain employees of the Company. Capital for the VIEs is funded by the Company through loans provided to Dr. Zhang and those employees, and is initially recorded as loans to related parties. These loans are eliminated for accounting purposes with the capital of VIEs during consolidation.

Under contractual agreements with the Company, Dr. Zhang and other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs are required to transfer their ownership in these entities to the Company, if permitted by PRC laws and regulations, or, if not so permitted, to designees of the Company at any time to repay the loans outstanding. All voting rights of the VIEs are assigned to the Company, and the Company has the right to designate all directors and senior management personnel of the VIEs. Dr. Zhang and the other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs have pledged their shares in the VIEs as collateral for the loans. As of December 31, 2008, the aggregate amount of these loans was $11.9 million.

The following is a summary of the VIEs of the Company which have been consolidated under FIN 46R:

 

  a) High Century

Beijing Century High Tech Investment Co., Ltd. (or High Century) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in investment holding in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of High Century is $4.6 million. Dr. Zhang and Wei Li, an employee of the Company, hold 80% and 20% interests in High Century, respectively.

 

  b) Sohu Entertainment

Beijing Sohu Entertainment Culture Media Co., Ltd. (or Sohu Entertainment, formerly known as Beijing Hengda Yitong Internet Technology Development Co., Ltd. or Hengda) was incorporated in the PRC in 2002 and engages in entertainment business in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of Sohu Entertainment is $1.2 million. Originally, High Century and Wei Li held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively. In November 2004, to further comply with PRC regulations, High Century and Wei Li transferred their interests in Sohu Entertainment to Xin Wang (Belinda Wang) and Jianjun Wang, each of whom is an employee of the Company. In July 2007, Jianjun Wang transferred all his interests in Sohu Entertainment to Ye Deng, an employee of the Company. As a result, Xin Wang (Belinda Wang) and Ye Deng own 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively.

 

  c) Sohu Internet

Beijing Sohu Internet Information Service Co., Ltd. (or Sohu Internet) was incorporated in the PRC in 2003 and engages in Internet information, wireless and advertising services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The original registered capital was $605,000, and High Century and Jinmei He held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Internet, respectively. In December 2003, Sohu Entertainment made a $0.6 million investment in Sohu Internet. In April 2005, Jinmei He transferred all her interests in Sohu Internet to High Century, and High Century made a $1.2 million additional investment in Sohu Internet. As a result, the registered capital is now $2.4 million, with High Century and Sohu Entertainment holding 75% and 25% interests, respectively.

 

  d) GoodFeel

Beijing GoodFeel Information Technology Co., Ltd. (or GoodFeel) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in value-added telecommunication services in the PRC. The registered capital of GoodFeel is $1.2 million. In May 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet acquired 73% and 27% interests in GoodFeel, respectively. In July 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet invested $0.6 million and $0.5 million in GoodFeel, respectively, so that High Century owned 58.1% interests in GoodFeel with the remaining 41.9% interests owned by Sohu Internet. In October 2004, to further comply with PRC regulations, High Century and Sohu Internet transferred their interests in GoodFeel to Xiufeng Deng and Jing Zhou, each of whom is an employee of the Company. In August 2007, Xiufeng Deng transferred all his interests in GoodFeel to Guofeng Yue, an employee of the Company. As a result, Guofeng Yue and Jing Zhou own 58.1% and 41.9% interests in GoodFeel, respectively.

 

  e) Beijing Fire Fox

Beijing Fire Fox Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Beijing Fire Fox, also known as Beijing Huohu Digital Technology Co., Ltd. or Huohu), was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 as a subsidiary of Sohu Era, one of the indirect China-based subsidiaries of the Company. Until December 1, 2007, Beijing Fire Fox engaged in software and technology development for the online games business. The registered capital of Beijing Fire Fox is $0.1 million. Prior to January 2, 2008, an employee of the Company held a contingent right to receive a payment equal to 25% of the value of Beijing Fire Fox. The Company provided the employee with a non-interest bearing loan of $37,000 to finance his capital contribution to Beijing Fire Fox. The loan was repayable upon demand by the Company at any time or upon termination of the employment of the employee and could only be repaid through transfer of the employee’s shares in Beijing Fire Fox to a designated third party. Based on the arrangement between Sohu Era and the employee, Sohu Era was the sole and primary beneficiary of Beijing Fire Fox.

 

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  f) Tu Xing Tian Xia

Beijing Tu Xing Tian Xia Information Consultancy Co., Ltd. (or Tu Xing Tian Xia) was incorporated in the PRC in 1999 and engages in mapping services in the PRC. The registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia is $0.2 million. In May 2005, in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Go2Map, the Company designated High Century and Sohu Internet as its designees to purchase the outstanding registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia. As a result, High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively.

 

  g) Feng Yang Tian Lang

Beijing Feng Yang Tian Lang Advertising Co., Ltd. (or Feng Yang Tian Lang) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in advertising services in the PRC. The registered capital of Feng Yang Tian Lang is $0.2 million. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds 50% interests in Feng Yang Tian Lang.

 

  h) Sogou Information

Beijing Sogou Information Service Co., Ltd. (or Sogou Information) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in providing Internet information services in the PRC. The registered capital of Sogou Information is $2.5 million. Jing Zhou and Wei Li, each of whom is an employee of the Company, each owns 50% interests in Sogou Information.

 

  i) Guangzhou Interactive

Guangzhou Sohu Interactive Network Technology Co., Ltd. (or Guangzhou Interactive) was incorporated in the PRC in 2006 and engages in providing Internet information services in Guangdong Province. The registered capital of Guangzhou Interactive is $0.6 million. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interests in Guangzhou Interactive. In January 2008, Guangzhou Interactive was liquidated.

 

  j) Gamease

Beijing Gamease Age Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Gamease) was incorporated in the PRC in August 2007 and engages in Internet information services. The registered capital of Gamease is $1.3 million. Tao Wang, an employee of the Company, and another employee of the Company, own 60% and 40% interests, respectively, in Gamease.

Pursuant to FIN 46R, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, GoodFeel, Beijing Fire Fox, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information, Guangzhou Interactive and Gamease are VIEs, of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the VIEs have been consolidated in the Company’s financial statements. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the above VIEs have aggregated accumulated net profit of approximately $17.1 million and $3.7 million, respectively, and have been reflected in the consolidated financial statements.

This excerpt taken from the SOHU 10-Q filed Nov 7, 2008.

6. VIEs

FIN 46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” requires a VIE to be consolidated by a company if that company is the primary beneficiary of that VIE.

To comply with PRC laws and regulations restricting foreign ownership in Internet information, online game, wireless and certain other businesses in the PRC, the Company conducts these operations via its VIEs. These VIEs are directly or indirectly owned by Dr. Charles Zhang (or Dr. Zhang), the Company’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and a major shareholder, and certain employees of the Company. Capital for the VIEs is funded by the Company through loans provided to Dr. Zhang and those employees, and is initially recorded as loans to related parties. These loans are eliminated for accounting purposes with the capital of VIEs during consolidation.

Under contractual agreements with the Company, Dr. Zhang and other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs are required to transfer their ownership in these entities to the Company, if permitted by PRC laws and regulations, or, if not so permitted, to designees of the Company at any time to repay the loans outstanding. All voting rights of the VIEs are assigned to the Company, and the Company has the right to designate all directors and senior management personnel of the VIEs. Dr. Zhang and other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs have pledged their shares in the VIEs as collateral for the loans. As of September 30, 2008, the aggregated amount of these loans was $12.0 million.

 

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The following is a summary of the VIEs of the Company which are consolidated under FIN 46R:

 

  a) High Century

Beijing Century High Tech Investment Co., Ltd. (or High Century) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in investment holding in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of High Century is $4,595,000. Dr. Zhang and Wei Li, an employee of the Company, hold 80% and 20% interests in High Century, respectively.

 

  b) Sohu Entertainment

Beijing Sohu Entertainment Culture Media Co., Ltd. (or Sohu Entertainment), formerly known as Beijing Hengda Yitong Internet Technology Development Co., Ltd. (or Hengda) was incorporated in the PRC in 2002 and engages in entertainment business in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of Sohu Entertainment is $1,210,000. Originally, High Century and Wei Li held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively. In November 2004, to further comply with PRC regulations, High Century and Wei Li transferred their interests in Sohu Entertainment to Xin Wang (Belinda Wang) and Jianjun Wang, each of whom is an employee of the Company. In July 2007, Jianjun Wang transferred all his interests in Sohu Entertainment to Ye Deng, an employee of the Company. As a result, Xin Wang (Belinda Wang) and Ye Deng own 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively.

 

  c) Sohu Internet

Beijing Sohu Internet Information Service Co., Ltd. (or Sohu Internet) was incorporated in the PRC in 2003 and engages in Internet information, wireless and advertising services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The original registered capital was $605,000, and High Century and Jinmei He held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Internet, respectively. In December 2003, Sohu Entertainment made a $605,000 investment in Sohu Internet. In April 2005, Jinmei He transferred all her interests in Sohu Internet to High Century, and High Century made a $1,208,000 additional investment in Sohu Internet. As a result, the registered capital is now $2,418,000, with High Century and Sohu Entertainment holding 75% and 25% interests, respectively.

 

  d) Goodfeel

Beijing Goodfeel Information Technology Co., Ltd. (or Goodfeel) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in value-added telecommunication services in the PRC. The registered capital of Goodfeel is $1,208,000. In May 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet acquired 73% and 27% interests in Goodfeel, respectively. In July 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet invested $613,000 and $473,000 in Goodfeel, respectively, so that High Century owned 58.1% interests in Goodfeel with the remaining 41.9% interests owned by Sohu Internet. In October 2004, to further comply with PRC regulations, High Century and Sohu Internet transferred their interests in Goodfeel to Xiufeng Deng and Jing Zhou, each of whom is an employee of the Company. In August 2007, Xiufeng Deng transferred all his interests in Goodfeel to Guofeng Yue, an employee of the Company. As a result, Guofeng Yue and Jing Zhou own 58.1% and 41.9% interests in Goodfeel, respectively.

 

  e) Huohu

Beijing Huohu Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Huohu) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005. Huohu engages in software and technology development for the games business. The registered capital of Huohu is $121,000. Sohu Era, one of the indirect China-based subsidiaries of the Company, and an employee of the Company, hold 75% and 25% interests in

 

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Huohu, respectively. The Company provided the employee with a non-interest bearing loan of $37,000 to finance his capital contribution to Huohu. The loan is repayable upon demand by the Company at any time or upon termination of the employment of the employee and can only be repaid through transfer of the employee’s shares in Huohu to a designated third party. Based on the arrangement between Sohu Era and the employee, Sohu Era is the sole and primary beneficiary of Huohu.

 

  f) Tu Xing Tian Xia

Beijing Tu Xing Tian Xia Information Consultancy Co., Ltd. (or Tu Xing Tian Xia) was incorporated in the PRC in 1999 and engages in mapping services in the PRC. The registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia is $248,000. In May 2005, in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Go2Map, the Company designated High Century and Sohu Internet as its designees to purchase the outstanding registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia. As a result, High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively.

 

  g) Feng Yang Tian Lang

Beijing Feng Yang Tian Lang Advertising Co., Ltd. (or Feng Yang Tian Lang) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in advertising services in the PRC. The registered capital of Feng Yang Tian Lang is $248,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds 50% interests in Feng Yang Tian Lang.

 

  h) Sogou Information

Beijing Sogou Information Service Co., Ltd. (or Sogou Information) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in providing Internet information services in the PRC. The registered capital of Sogou Information is $2,480,000. Jing Zhou and Wei Li, each of whom is an employee of the Company, each owns 50% interests in Sogou Information.

 

  i) Gamease Age

Beijing Gamease Age Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Gamease Age) was incorporated in the PRC in August 2007 and engages in Internet information services. The registered capital of Gamease Age is $1,331,000. Tao Wang, an employee of the Company, and another employee of the Company, own 60% and 40% interests, respectively, in Gamease Age.

Pursuant to FIN 46R, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information and Gamease Age are VIEs, of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the VIEs have been consolidated in the Company’s financial statements. As of September 30, 2008, the above VIEs have aggregate accumulated profits of approximately $18.6 million which have been reflected in the consolidated financial statements.

This excerpt taken from the SOHU 10-Q filed Aug 8, 2008.

6. VIEs

FIN 46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” requires a VIE to be consolidated by a company if that company is the primary beneficiary of that VIE.

To comply with PRC laws and regulations restricting foreign ownership in the Internet information, online game, wireless and certain other businesses in the PRC, the company conducts these operations via its VIEs. These VIEs are directly or indirectly owned by Dr. Charles Zhang (or Dr. Zhang), the Company’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and a major shareholder, and certain employees of the Company. Capital for the VIEs is funded by the Company through loans provided to Dr. Zhang and those employees, and is initially recorded as loans to related parties. These loans are eliminated for accounting purposes with the capital of VIEs during consolidation.

Under contractual agreements with the Company, Dr. Zhang and other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs are required to transfer their ownership in these entities to the Company, if permitted by PRC laws and regulations, or, if not so permitted, to designees of the Company at any time to repay the loans outstanding. All voting rights of the VIEs are assigned to the Company, and the Company has the right to designate all directors and senior management personnel of the VIEs. Dr. Zhang and other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs have pledged their shares in the VIEs as collateral for the loans. As of June 30, 2008, the aggregated amount of these loans was $11.9 million.

The following is a summary of the VIEs of the Company which are consolidated under FIN 46R:

 

  a) High Century

Beijing Century High Tech Investment Co., Ltd. (or High Century) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in investment holding in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of High Century is $4,595,000. Dr. Zhang and Li Wei, an employee of the Company, hold 80% and 20% interests in High Century, respectively.

 

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  b) Sohu Entertainment

Beijing Sohu Entertainment Culture Media Co., Ltd. (or Sohu Entertainment), formerly known as Beijing Hengda Yitong Internet Technology Development Co., Ltd. (or Hengda) was incorporated in the PRC in 2002 and engages in entertainment business in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of Sohu Entertainment is $1,210,000. Originally, High Century and Li Wei held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively. In November 2004, to further comply with PRC regulations, High Century and Li Wei transferred their interests in Sohu Entertainment to Xin Wang (Belinda) and Wang Jianjun, each of whom is an employee of the Company. In July 2007, Wang Jianjun transferred all his interests in Sohu Entertainment to Deng Ye, an employee of the Company. As a result, Xin Wang (Belinda) and Deng Ye own 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively.

 

  c) Sohu Internet

Beijing Sohu Internet Information Service Co., Ltd. (or Sohu Internet) was incorporated in the PRC in 2003 and engages in Internet information, wireless and advertising services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The original registered capital was $605,000, and High Century and He Jinmei held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Internet, respectively. In December 2003, Sohu Entertainment made a $605,000 investment in Sohu Internet. In April 2005, He Jinmei transferred all her interests in Sohu Internet to High Century, and High Century made a $1,208,000 additional investment in Sohu Internet. As a result, the registered capital is now $2,418,000, with High Century and Sohu Entertainment holding 75% and 25% interests, respectively.

 

  d) Goodfeel

Beijing Goodfeel Information Technology Co., Ltd. (or Goodfeel) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in value-added telecommunication services in the PRC. The registered capital of Goodfeel is $1,208,000. In May 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet acquired 73% and 27% interests in Goodfeel, respectively. In July 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet invested $613,000 and $473,000 in Goodfeel, respectively, so that High Century owned a 58.1% interest in Goodfeel with the remaining 41.9% interest owned by Sohu Internet. In October 2004, to further comply with PRC regulations, High Century and Sohu Internet transferred their interests in Goodfeel to Deng Xiufeng and Zhou Jing, each of whom is an employee of the Company. In August 2007, Deng Xiufeng transferred all his interests in Goodfeel to Yue Guofeng, an employee of the Company. As a result, Yue Guofeng and Zhou Jing own 58.1% and 41.9% interests in Goodfeel, respectively.

 

  e) Huohu

Beijing Huohu Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Huohu) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005. Huohu engages in software and technology development for the games business. The registered capital of Huohu is $121,000. Sohu Era, one of the indirect China-based subsidiaries of the Company, and an employee of the Company, hold 75% and 25% interests in Huohu, respectively. The Company provided the employee with a non-interest bearing loan of $36,000 to finance his capital contribution to Huohu. The loan is repayable upon demand by the Company at any time or upon termination of the employment of the employee and can only be repaid through transfer of the employee’s shares in Huohu to a designated third party. Based on the arrangement between Sohu Era and the employee, Sohu Era is the sole and primary beneficiary of Huohu.

 

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  f) Tu Xing Tian Xia

Beijing Tu Xing Tian Xia Information Consultancy Co., Ltd. (or Tu Xing Tian Xia) was incorporated in the PRC in 1999 and engages in mapping services in the PRC. The registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia is $248,000. In May 2005, in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Go2Map, the Company designated High Century and Sohu Internet as its designees to purchase the outstanding registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia. As a result, High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively.

 

  g) Feng Yang Tian Lang

Beijing Feng Yang Tian Lang Advertising Co., Ltd. (or Feng Yang Tian Lang) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in advertising services in the PRC. The registered capital of Feng Yang Tian Lang is $248,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interest in Feng Yang Tian Lang.

 

  h) Sogou Information

Beijing Sogou Information Service Co., Ltd. (or Sogou Information) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in providing Internet information services in the PRC. The registered capital of Sogou Information is $2,480,000. Zhou Jing and Li Wei, each of whom is an employee of the Company, each owns a 50% interest in Sogou Information.

 

  i) Gamease Age

Beijing Gamease Age Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Gamease Age) was incorporated in the PRC in August 2007 and engages in Internet information services. The registered capital of Gamease Age is $1,331,000. Wang Tao and Zhou Jing, each of whom is an employee of the Company, own 60% and 40% interests, respectively, in Gamease Age.

Pursuant to FIN 46R, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information and Gamease Age are VIEs, of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the VIEs have been consolidated in the Company’s financial statements. As of June 30, 2008, the above VIEs have aggregate accumulated profits of approximately $10.1 million which have been reflected in the consolidated financial statements.

This excerpt taken from the SOHU 10-Q filed May 9, 2008.

6. VIEs


FIN 46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” requires a VIE to be consolidated by a company if that company is the primary beneficiary of that VIE.


To satisfy PRC laws and regulations, the Company conducts its Internet information, online game, wireless and certain other businesses in the PRC via its VIEs. These VIEs are directly or indirectly owned by Dr. Charles Zhang (or Dr. Zhang), the Company’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and a major shareholder, and certain employees of the Company. Capital for the VIEs is funded by the Company through loans provided to Dr. Zhang and those employees, and is initially recorded as loans to related parties. These loans are eliminated for accounting purposes with the capital of VIEs during consolidation.


Under contractual agreements with the Company, Dr. Zhang and other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs are required to transfer their ownership in these entities to the Company, if permitted by PRC laws and regulations, or, if not so permitted, to designees of the Company at any time to repay the loans outstanding. All voting rights of the VIEs are assigned to the Company, and the Company has the right to designate all directors and senior management personnel of the VIEs. Dr. Zhang and the other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs have pledged their shares in the VIEs as collateral for the loans. As of March 31, 2008, the aggregated amount of these loans was $11.6 million.


The following is a summary of the VIEs of the Company which are consolidated under FIN 46R:


a)

High Century

Beijing Century High Tech Investment Co., Ltd. (or High Century) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in investment holding in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of High Century is $4,595,000. Dr. Zhang and Li Wei, an employee of the Company, hold 80% and 20% interests in High Century, respectively.


b)

Sohu Entertainment

Beijing Sohu Entertainment Culture Media Co., Ltd (or Sohu Entertainment), formerly known as Beijing Hengda Yitong Internet Technology Development Co., Ltd. (or Hengda) was incorporated in the PRC in 2002 and engages in entertainment business in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of Sohu Entertainment is $1,210,000. Originally, High Century and Li Wei held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively. In November 2004, to further satisfy PRC regulations, High Century and Li Wei transferred their interests in Sohu Entertainment to Xin Wang (Belinda) and Wang Jianjun, each of whom is an employee of the Company. In July 2007, Wang Jianjun transferred all his interests in Sohu Entertainment to Deng Ye, an employee of the Company. As a result, Xin Wang (Belinda) and Deng Ye own 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively.




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c)

Sohu Internet

Beijing Sohu Internet Information Service Co. Ltd. (or Sohu Internet) was incorporated in the PRC in 2003 and engages in Internet information, wireless and advertising services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The original registered capital was $605,000, and High Century and He Jinmei held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Internet, respectively. In December 2003, Sohu Entertainment made a $605,000 investment in Sohu Internet. In April 2005, He Jinmei transferred all her interests in Sohu Internet to High Century, and High Century made a $1,208,000 additional investment in Sohu Internet. As a result, the registered capital is now $2,418,000, with High Century and Sohu Entertainment holding 75% and 25% interests, respectively.


d)

Goodfeel

Beijing Goodfeel Information Technology Co., Ltd. (or Goodfeel) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in value-added telecommunication services in the PRC. The registered capital of Goodfeel is $1,208,000. In May 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet acquired 73% and 27% interests in Goodfeel, respectively. In July 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet invested $613,000 and $473,000 in Goodfeel, respectively, so that High Century owned a 58.1% interest in Goodfeel with the remaining 41.9% interest owned by Sohu Internet. In October 2004, to further satisfy PRC regulations, High Century and Sohu Internet transferred their interests in Goodfeel to Deng Xiufeng and Zhou Jing, each of whom is an employee of the Company. In August 2007, Deng Xiufeng transferred all his interests in Goodfeel to Yue Guofeng, an employee of the Company. As a result, Yue Guofeng and Zhou Jing own 58.1% and 41.9% interests in Goodfeel, respectively.


e)

Huohu

Beijing Huohu Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Huohu) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005. Huohu engages in software and technology development for the games business. The registered capital of Huohu is $121,000. Sohu Era, one of the indirect China-based subsidiaries of the Company, and an employee of Huohu, hold 75% and 25% interests in Huohu, respectively. The Company provided the employee with a non-interest bearing loan of $36,000 to finance his capital contribution to Huohu. The loan is repayable upon demand by the Company at any time or upon termination of the employment of the employee and can only be repaid through transfer of the employee’s shares in Huohu to a designated third party. Based on the arrangement between Sohu Era and the employee, Sohu Era is the sole and primary beneficiary of Huohu.


f)

Tu Xing Tian Xia

Beijing Tu Xing Tian Xia Information Consultancy Co., Ltd. (or Tu Xing Tian Xia) was incorporated in the PRC in 1999 and engages in mapping services in the PRC. The registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia is $248,000. In May 2005, in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Go2Map, the Company designated High Century and Sohu Internet as its designees to purchase the outstanding registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia. As a result, High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively.


g)

Feng Yang Tian Lang

Beijing Feng Yang Tian Lang Advertising Co., Ltd. (or Feng Yang Tian Lang) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in advertising services in the PRC. The registered capital of Feng Yang Tian Lang is $248,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interest in Feng Yang Tian Lang.


h)

Sogou Information

Beijing Sogou Information Services Co., Ltd. (or Sogou Information) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in providing Internet information services in the PRC. The registered capital of Sogou Information is



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$2,480,000. Zhou Jing and Li Wei, each of whom is an employee of the Company, each owns a 50% interest in Sogou Information.


i)

Guangzhou Interactive

Guangzhou Sohu Interactive Network Technology Co., Ltd. (or Guangzhou Interactive) was incorporated in the PRC in 2006 and engages in providing Internet information services in Guangdong Province. The registered capital of Guangzhou Interactive is $631,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interests in Guangzhou Interactive. In January 2008, Guangzhou Interactive was liquidated.


j)

Gamease Age

Beijing Gamease Age Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Gamease Age) was incorporated in the PRC in August 2007 and engages in Internet information services. The registered capital of Gamease Age is $1,331,000. Wang Tao and Zhou Jing, each of whom is an employee of the Company, own 60% and 40% interests, respectively, in Gamease Age.


Pursuant to FIN 46R, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information, Guangzhou Interactive and Gamease Age are VIEs, of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the VIEs have been consolidated in the Company’s financial statements. As of March 31, 2008, the above VIEs have aggregate accumulated profits of approximately $4.8 million which have been reflected in the consolidated financial statements.


These excerpts taken from the SOHU 10-K filed Feb 28, 2008.

(a) VIEs

FIN 46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” requires a VIE to be consolidated by a company if that company is the primary beneficiary of that VIE.

To satisfy PRC laws and regulations, the Company conducts its Internet information, wireless and certain other businesses in the PRC via its VIEs. These VIEs are directly or indirectly owned by Dr. Charles Zhang (“Dr. Zhang”), the Company’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and a major shareholder, and certain employees of the Company. Capital for the VIEs is funded by the Company through loans provided to Dr. Zhang and those employees, and is initially recorded as loans to related parties. These loans are eliminated for accounting purposes with the capital of VIEs during consolidation.

Under contractual agreements with the Company, Dr. Zhang and other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs are required to transfer their ownership in these entities to the Company, if permitted by PRC laws and regulations, or, if not so permitted, to designees of the Company at any time to repay the loans outstanding. All voting rights of the VIEs are assigned to the Company, and the Company has the right to designate all directors and senior management personnel of the VIEs. Dr. Zhang and the other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs have pledged their shares in the VIEs as collateral for the loans. As of December 31, 2007, the aggregate amount of these loans was $11.4 million.

The following is a summary of the VIEs of the Company which had been consolidated under FIN 46R:

 

  a) High Century

High Century was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in investment holding in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of High Century is $4,595,000. Dr. Zhang and Li Wei, an employee of the Company, hold 80% and 20% interests in High Century, respectively.

 

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Table of Contents
  b) Sohu Entertainment

Sohu Entertainment, formerly known as Hengda, was incorporated in the PRC in 2002 and engages in Internet access and wireless services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of Sohu Entertainment is $1,210,000. Originally, High Century and Li Wei held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively. In November 2004, to further satisfy PRC regulations, High Century and Li Wei transferred their interests in Sohu Entertainment to Xin Wang (Belinda) and Wang Jianjun, each of whom was an employee of the Company. In July 2007, Wang Jianjun transferred all his interests in Sohu Entertainment to Deng Ye, an employee of the Company. As a result, Xin Wang (Belinda) and Deng Ye own 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively.

 

  c) Sohu Internet

Sohu Internet was incorporated in the PRC in 2003 and engages in Internet information, wireless and advertising services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The original registered capital was $605,000, and High Century and He Jinmei held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Internet, respectively. In December 2003, Sohu Entertainment made a $605,000 investment in Sohu Internet. In April 2005, He Jinmei transferred all her interests in Sohu Internet to High Century, and High Century made a $1,208,000 additional investment in Sohu Internet. As a result, the registered capital is now $2,418,000, with High Century and Sohu Entertainment holding 75% and 25% interests, respectively.

 

  d) Goodfeel

Goodfeel was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in value-added telecommunication services in the PRC. The registered capital of Goodfeel is $1,208,000. In May 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet acquired 73% and 27% interests in Goodfeel, respectively. In July 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet invested $613,000 and $473,000 in Goodfeel, respectively, so that High Century owned a 58.1% interest in Goodfeel with the remaining 41.9% interest owned by Sohu Internet. In October 2004, to further satisfy PRC regulations, High Century and Sohu Internet transferred their interests in Goodfeel to Deng Xiufeng and Zhou Jing, each of whom is an employee of the Company. In August 2007, Deng Xiufeng transferred all his interests in Goodfeel to Yue Guofeng, an employee of the Company. As a result, Yue Guofeng and Zhou Jing own 58.1% and 41.9% interests in Goodfeel, respectively.

 

  e) Huohu

Huohu was incorporated in the PRC in 2005. Huohu engages in software and technology development for the online game business. The registered capital of Huohu is $121,000. Sohu Era and an employee of Huohu hold 75% and 25% interests in Huohu, respectively. The Company provided the employee with a non-interest bearing loan of $33,000 to finance his capital contribution to Huohu. The loan is repayable upon demand by the Company at any time or upon termination of the employment of the employee and can only be repaid through transfer of the employee’s shares in Huohu to Sohu Internet. Based on the arrangement between Sohu Era and the employee, Sohu Era is the sole and primary beneficiary of Huohu.

 

  f) Tu Xing Tian Xia

Tu Xing Tian Xia was incorporated in the PRC in 1999 and engages in mapping services in the PRC. The registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia is $248,000. In May 2005, in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Go2Map, the Company designated High Century and Sohu Internet as its designees to purchase the outstanding registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia. As a result, High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively.

 

  g) Feng Yang Tian Lang

Feng Yang Tian Lang was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in advertising services in the PRC. The registered capital of Feng Yang Tian Lang is $248,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interest in Feng Yang Tian Lang.

 

  h) Sogou Information

Sogou Information was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in providing Internet information services in the PRC. The registered capital of Sogou Information is $2,480,000. Zhou Jing and Li Wei, each of whom is an employee of the Company, each owns a 50% interest in Sogou Information.

 

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Table of Contents
  i) Guangzhou Interactive

Guangzhou Interactive was incorporated in the PRC in 2006 and engages in providing Internet information services in Guangdong Province. The registered capital of Guangzhou Interactive is $631,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interest in Guangzhou Interactive. In January 2008, Guangzhou Interactive was liquidated.

 

  j) Gamease Age

Gamease Age was incorporated in the PRC in August 2007 and engages in Internet information services. The registered capital of Gamease Age is $1,331,000. Wang Tao and Zhou Jing, each of whom is an employee of the Company, own 60% and 40% interests, respectively, in Gamease Age.

Pursuant to FIN 46R, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information, Guangzhou Interactive and Gamease Age are VIEs, of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the VIEs have been consolidated in the Company’s financial statements. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the above VIEs have aggregated accumulated net profit of approximately $3.7 million and $8.0 million, respectively, and have been reflected in the consolidated financial statements.

(a) VIEs

STYLE="margin-top:6px;margin-bottom:0px">FIN 46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” requires a VIE to be consolidated by a company if that company is the primary beneficiary of that VIE.

To satisfy PRC laws and regulations, the Company conducts its Internet information, wireless and certain other businesses in the PRC via its VIEs. These
VIEs are directly or indirectly owned by Dr. Charles Zhang (“Dr. Zhang”), the Company’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and a major shareholder, and certain employees of the Company. Capital for the VIEs is funded by the
Company through loans provided to Dr. Zhang and those employees, and is initially recorded as loans to related parties. These loans are eliminated for accounting purposes with the capital of VIEs during consolidation.

STYLE="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:0px">Under contractual agreements with the Company, Dr. Zhang and other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs are required to transfer their ownership in these
entities to the Company, if permitted by PRC laws and regulations, or, if not so permitted, to designees of the Company at any time to repay the loans outstanding. All voting rights of the VIEs are assigned to the Company, and the Company has the
right to designate all directors and senior management personnel of the VIEs. Dr. Zhang and the other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs have pledged their shares in the VIEs as collateral for the loans. As of December 31,
2007, the aggregate amount of these loans was $11.4 million.

The following is a summary of the VIEs of the Company which had been consolidated under FIN
46R:

 






 a)High Century

High Century was incorporated in the PRC in
2001 and engages in investment holding in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of High Century is $4,595,000. Dr. Zhang and Li Wei, an employee of the Company, hold 80% and 20% interests in High Century, respectively.

 


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Table of Contents







 b)Sohu Entertainment

Sohu Entertainment, formerly known as
Hengda, was incorporated in the PRC in 2002 and engages in Internet access and wireless services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of Sohu Entertainment is $1,210,000. Originally, High Century and Li Wei held 80% and 20%
interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively. In November 2004, to further satisfy PRC regulations, High Century and Li Wei transferred their interests in Sohu Entertainment to Xin Wang (Belinda) and Wang Jianjun, each of whom was an employee of
the Company. In July 2007, Wang Jianjun transferred all his interests in Sohu Entertainment to Deng Ye, an employee of the Company. As a result, Xin Wang (Belinda) and Deng Ye own 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively.

 






 c)Sohu Internet

Sohu Internet was incorporated in the PRC
in 2003 and engages in Internet information, wireless and advertising services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The original registered capital was $605,000, and High Century and He Jinmei held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Internet,
respectively. In December 2003, Sohu Entertainment made a $605,000 investment in Sohu Internet. In April 2005, He Jinmei transferred all her interests in Sohu Internet to High Century, and High Century made a $1,208,000 additional investment in Sohu
Internet. As a result, the registered capital is now $2,418,000, with High Century and Sohu Entertainment holding 75% and 25% interests, respectively.

 






 d)Goodfeel

Goodfeel was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and
engages in value-added telecommunication services in the PRC. The registered capital of Goodfeel is $1,208,000. In May 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet acquired 73% and 27% interests in Goodfeel, respectively. In July 2004, High Century and Sohu
Internet invested $613,000 and $473,000 in Goodfeel, respectively, so that High Century owned a 58.1% interest in Goodfeel with the remaining 41.9% interest owned by Sohu Internet. In October 2004, to further satisfy PRC regulations, High Century
and Sohu Internet transferred their interests in Goodfeel to Deng Xiufeng and Zhou Jing, each of whom is an employee of the Company. In August 2007, Deng Xiufeng transferred all his interests in Goodfeel to Yue Guofeng, an employee of the Company.
As a result, Yue Guofeng and Zhou Jing own 58.1% and 41.9% interests in Goodfeel, respectively.

 






 e)Huohu

Huohu was incorporated in the PRC in 2005. Huohu
engages in software and technology development for the online game business. The registered capital of Huohu is $121,000. Sohu Era and an employee of Huohu hold 75% and 25% interests in Huohu, respectively. The Company provided the employee with a
non-interest bearing loan of $33,000 to finance his capital contribution to Huohu. The loan is repayable upon demand by the Company at any time or upon termination of the employment of the employee and can only be repaid through transfer of the
employee’s shares in Huohu to Sohu Internet. Based on the arrangement between Sohu Era and the employee, Sohu Era is the sole and primary beneficiary of Huohu.

 






 f)Tu Xing Tian Xia

Tu Xing Tian Xia was incorporated in the
PRC in 1999 and engages in mapping services in the PRC. The registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia is $248,000. In May 2005, in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Go2Map, the Company designated High Century and Sohu Internet as its
designees to purchase the outstanding registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia. As a result, High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively.

STYLE="font-size:12px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"> 






 g)Feng Yang Tian Lang

Feng Yang Tian Lang was incorporated
in the PRC in 2005 and engages in advertising services in the PRC. The registered capital of Feng Yang Tian Lang is $248,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interest in Feng Yang Tian Lang.

STYLE="font-size:12px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"> 






 h)Sogou Information

Sogou Information was incorporated in
the PRC in 2005 and engages in providing Internet information services in the PRC. The registered capital of Sogou Information is $2,480,000. Zhou Jing and Li Wei, each of whom is an employee of the Company, each owns a 50% interest in Sogou
Information.

 


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Table of Contents







 i)Guangzhou Interactive

Guangzhou Interactive was
incorporated in the PRC in 2006 and engages in providing Internet information services in Guangdong Province. The registered capital of Guangzhou Interactive is $631,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interest in Guangzhou
Interactive. In January 2008, Guangzhou Interactive was liquidated.

 






 j)Gamease Age

Gamease Age was incorporated in the PRC in
August 2007 and engages in Internet information services. The registered capital of Gamease Age is $1,331,000. Wang Tao and Zhou Jing, each of whom is an employee of the Company, own 60% and 40% interests, respectively, in Gamease Age.


Pursuant to FIN 46R, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information, Guangzhou Interactive
and Gamease Age are VIEs, of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the VIEs have been consolidated in the Company’s financial statements. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the above VIEs have aggregated accumulated net
profit of approximately $3.7 million and $8.0 million, respectively, and have been reflected in the consolidated financial statements.

This excerpt taken from the SOHU 10-Q filed Nov 7, 2007.

7. VIEs


FIN 46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” requires a VIE to be consolidated by a company if that company is the primary beneficiary of that VIE.


To satisfy PRC laws and regulations, the Company conducts its Internet information, wireless and certain other businesses in the PRC via its VIEs. These VIEs are directly or indirectly owned by Dr. Charles Zhang (or Dr. Zhang), the Company’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and a major shareholder, and certain employees of the Company. Capital for the VIEs is funded by the Company through loans provided to Dr. Zhang and those employees, and is initially recorded as loans to related parties. These loans are eliminated for accounting purposes with the capital of VIEs during consolidation.




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Under contractual agreements with the Company, Dr. Zhang and other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs are required to transfer their ownership in these entities to the Company, if permitted by PRC laws and regulations, or, if not so permitted, to designees of the Company at any time to repay the loans outstanding. All voting rights of the VIEs are assigned to the Company, and the Company has the right to designate all directors and senior management personnel of the VIEs. Dr. Zhang and the other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs have pledged their shares in the VIEs as collateral for the loans. As of September 30, 2007, the aggregated amount of these loans was $11.2 million.


The following is a summary of the VIEs of the Company:


a)

High Century


Beijing Century High Tech Investment Co., Ltd. (or High Century) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in investment holding in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of High Century is $4,595,000. Dr. Zhang and Li Wei, an employee of the Company, hold 80% and 20% interests in High Century, respectively.


b)

Sohu Entertainment


Beijing Sohu Entertainment Culture Media Co., Ltd. (or Sohu Entertainment), formerly known as Beijing Hengda Yitong Internet Technology Development Co., Ltd (or Hengda) was incorporated in the PRC in 2002 and engages in Internet access and wireless services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of Sohu Entertainment is $1,210,000. Originally, High Century and Li Wei held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively. In November 2004, to further satisfy PRC regulations, High Century and Li Wei transferred their interests in Sohu Entertainment to Xin Wang (Belinda) and Wang Jianjun, each of whom was an employee of the Company. In July 2007, Wang Jianjun transferred all his interests in Sohu Entertainment to Deng Ye, an employee of the Company. As a result, Xin Wang (Belinda) and Deng Ye own 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively.


c)

Sohu Internet


Beijing Sohu Internet Information Service Co. Ltd. (or Sohu Internet) was incorporated in the PRC in 2003 and engages in Internet information, wireless and advertising services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The original registered capital was $605,000, and High Century and He Jinmei held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Internet, respectively. In December 2003, Sohu Entertainment made a $605,000 investment in Sohu Internet. In April 2005, He Jinmei transferred all her interests in Sohu Internet to High Century, and High Century made a $1,208,000 additional investment in Sohu Internet. As a result, the registered capital is now $2,418,000, with High Century and Sohu Entertainment holding 75% and 25% interests, respectively.


d)

Goodfeel


Beijing Goodfeel Information Technology Co., Ltd. (or Goodfeel) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in value-added telecommunication services in the PRC. The registered capital of Goodfeel is $1,208,000. In May 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet acquired 73% and 27% interests in Goodfeel, respectively. In July 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet invested $613,000 and $473,000 in Goodfeel, respectively, so that High Century owned a 58.1% interest in Goodfeel with the remaining 41.9% interest owned by Sohu Internet. In October 2004, to further satisfy PRC regulations, High Century and Sohu Internet transferred their interests in Goodfeel to Deng Xiufeng and Zhou Jing, each of whom is an employee of the



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Company. In August 2007, Deng Xiufeng transferred all his interests in Goodfeel to Yue Guofeng, an employee of the Company. As a result, Yue Guofeng and Zhou Jing own 58.1% and 41.9% interests in Goodfeel, respectively.

 

e)

Huohu


Beijing Huohu Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Huohu) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005. Huohu engages in software and technology development for the online game business. The registered capital of Huohu is $121,000. Sohu Internet and an employee of Huohu hold 75% and 25% interests in Huohu, respectively. The Company provided the employee with a non-interest bearing loan of $33,000 to finance his capital contribution to Huohu. The loan is repayable upon demand by the Company at any time or upon termination of the employment of the employee and can only be repaid through transfer of the employee’s shares in Huohu to Sohu Internet. Based on the arrangement between Sohu Internet and the employee, Sohu Internet is the sole and primary beneficiary of Huohu.


f)

Tu Xing Tian Xia


Beijing Tu Xing Tian Xia Information Consultancy Co., Ltd. (or Tu Xing Tian Xia) was incorporated in the PRC in 1999 and engages in mapping services in the PRC. The registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia is $248,000. In May 2005, in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Go2Map, the Company designated High Century and Sohu Internet as its designees to purchase the outstanding registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia. As a result, High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively.


g)

Feng Yang Tian Lang


Beijing Feng Yang Tian Lang Advertising Co., Ltd. (or Feng Yang Tian Lang) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in advertising services in the PRC. The registered capital of Feng Yang Tian Lang is $248,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interest in Feng Yang Tian Lang.


h)

Sogou Information


Beijing Sogou Information Services Co., Ltd. (or Sogou Information) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in providing Internet information services in the PRC. The registered capital of Sogou Information is $2,480,000. Zhou Jing and Li Wei, each of whom is an employee of the Company, each owns a 50% interest in Sogou Information.


i)

Guangzhou Interactive

     

Guangzhou Sohu Interactive Network Technology Co., Ltd (or Guangzhou Interactive) was incorporated in the PRC in 2006 and engages in providing Internet information services in Guangdong Province. The registered capital of Guangzhou Interactive is $631,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interest in Guangzhou Interactive.


j)

Gamease Age


Beijing Gamease Age Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Gamease Age) was incorporated in the PRC in August 2007 and engages in Internet information services. The registered capital of Gamease Age is $1,331,000. Wang



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Tao and Zhou Jing, each of whom is an employee of the Company, each owns 60% and 40% interest in Gamease Age.


Pursuant to FIN 46R, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information, Guangzhou Interactive and Gamease Age are VIEs, of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the VIEs have been consolidated in the Company’s financial statements. As of September 30, 2007, the above VIEs have aggregate accumulated net profits of approximately $4.3 million which have been reflected in the consolidated financial statements.


This excerpt taken from the SOHU 10-Q filed Aug 6, 2007.

6. VIEs

FIN 46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” requires a VIE to be consolidated by a company if that company is the primary beneficiary of that VIE.

To satisfy PRC laws and regulations, the Company conducts its Internet information, wireless and certain other businesses in the PRC via its VIEs. These VIEs are directly or indirectly owned by Dr. Charles Zhang (or Dr. Zhang), the Company’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and a major shareholder, and certain employees of the Company. Capital for the VIEs is funded by the Company through loans provided to Dr. Zhang and the employees, and is initially recorded as loans to related parties. These loans are eliminated for accounting purposes with the capital of VIEs during consolidation.

Under contractual agreements with the Company, Dr. Zhang and other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs are required to transfer their ownership in these entities to the Company, if permitted by PRC laws and regulations, or, if not so permitted, to designees of the Company at any time to repay the loans outstanding. All voting rights of the VIEs are assigned to the Company, and the Company has the right to designate all directors and senior management personnel of the VIEs. Dr. Zhang and the other Sohu employees who are shareholders of the VIEs have pledged their shares in the VIEs as collateral for the loans. As of June 30, 2007, the aggregated amount of these loans was $9.9 million.

The following is a summary of the VIEs of the Company:

 

  a) High Century

Beijing Century High Tech Investment Co., Ltd. (or High Century) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in investment holding in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of High Century is $4,595,000. Dr. Zhang and Li Wei, an employee of the Company, hold 80% and 20% interests in High Century, respectively.

 

  b) Sohu Entertainment

Beijing Sohu Entertainment Culture Media Co., Ltd. (or Sohu Entertainment), formerly known as Beijing Hengda Yitong Internet Technology Development Co., Ltd (or Hengda) was incorporated in the PRC in 2002 and engages in Internet access and wireless services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The registered capital of Sohu Entertainment is $1,210,000. Originally, High Century and Li Wei held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively. In November 2004, to further satisfy PRC regulations, High Century and Li Wei transferred their interests in Sohu Entertainment to Xin Wang and Wang Jianjun each of whom was an employee of the Company. As a result, Xin Wang and Wang Jianjun hold 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Entertainment, respectively. In May 2007, Wang Jianjun left the Company. The Company is in process of transferring his interests in Sohu Entertainment to another employee.

 

  c) Sohu Internet

Beijing Sohu Internet Information Service Co. Ltd. (or Sohu Internet) was incorporated in the PRC in 2003 and engages in Internet information, wireless and advertising services in the PRC on behalf of the Company. The original registered capital was $605,000, and High Century and He Jinmei held 80% and 20% interests in Sohu Internet, respectively. In December 2003, Sohu Entertainment made a $605,000 investment in Sohu Internet. In April 2005, He Jinmei transferred all her interests in Sohu Internet to High Century, and High Century made a $1,208,000 additional investment in Sohu Internet. As a result, the registered capital is now $2,418,000, with High Century and Sohu Entertainment holding 75% and 25% interests, respectively.

 

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  d) Goodfeel

Beijing Goodfeel Information Technology Co., Ltd. (or Goodfeel) was incorporated in the PRC in 2001 and engages in value-added telecommunication services in the PRC. The registered capital of Goodfeel is $1,208,000. In May 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet acquired 73% and 27% interests in Goodfeel, respectively. In July 2004, High Century and Sohu Internet invested $613,000 and $473,000 in Goodfeel, respectively, so that High Century owned a 58.1% interest in Goodfeel with the remaining 41.9% interest owned by Sohu Internet. In October 2004, to further satisfy PRC regulations, High Century and Sohu Internet transferred their interests in Goodfeel to Deng Xiufeng and Zhou Jing, each of whom is an employee of the Company. As a result, Deng Xiufeng and Zhou Jing own 58.1% and 41.9% interests in Goodfeel, respectively.

 

  e) Huohu

Beijing Huohu Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (or Huohu) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005. Huohu engages in software and technology development for the online game business. The registered capital of Huohu is $121,000. Following the transfer by Beijing Sohu New Era Information Technology Co., Ltd. (or Sohu Era), one of the indirect China-based subsidiaries of the Company, of its interests in Huohu to Sohu Internet, Sohu Internet and an employee of Huohu hold 75% and 25% interests in Huohu, respectively. The Company provided the employee with a non-interest bearing loan of $33,000 to finance his capital contribution to Huohu. The loan is repayable upon demand by the Company at any time or upon termination of the employment of the employee and can only be repaid through transfer of the employee’s shares in Huohu to Sohu Internet. Based on the arrangement between Sohu Internet and the employee, Sohu Internet is the sole and primary beneficiary of Houhu. Accordingly, Huohu is 100% consolidated into the financial statements of the Company.

 

  f) Tu Xing Tian Xia

Beijing Tu Xing Tian Xia Information Consultancy Co., Ltd. (or Tu Xing Tian Xia) was incorporated in the PRC in 1999 and engages in mapping services in the PRC. The registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia is $248,000. In May 2005, in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Go2Map, the Company designated High Century and Sohu Internet as its designees to purchase the outstanding registered capital of Tu Xing Tian Xia. As a result, High Century and Sohu Internet own 56.1% and 43.9% interests in Tu Xing Tian Xia, respectively.

 

  g) Feng Yang Tian Lang

Beijing Feng Yang Tian Lang Advertising Co., Ltd. (or Feng Yang Tian Lang) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in advertising services in the PRC. The registered capital of Feng Yang Tian Lang is $248,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interest in Feng Yang Tian Lang.

 

  h) Sogou Information

Beijing Sogou Information Services Co., Ltd. (or Sogou Information) was incorporated in the PRC in 2005 and engages in providing Internet information services in the PRC. The registered capital of Sogou Information is $2,480,000. Zhou Jing and Li Wei, each of whom is an employee of the Company, each owns a 50% interest in Sogou Information.

 

  i) Guangzhou Interactive

Guangzhou Sohu Interactive Network Technology Co., Ltd (or Guangzhou Interactive) was incorporated in the PRC in 2006 and engages in providing Internet information services in Guangdong Province. The registered capital of Guangzhou Interactive is $631,000. Sohu Internet and High Century each holds a 50% interests in Guangzhou Interactive.

 

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Table of Contents

Pursuant to FIN 46R, High Century, Sohu Entertainment, Sohu Internet, Goodfeel, Huohu, Tu Xing Tian Xia, Feng Yang Tian Lang, Sogou Information and Guangzhou Interactive are VIEs, of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the VIEs have been consolidated in the Company’s financial statements. As of June 30, 2007, the above VIEs have aggregate accumulated net profits of approximately $5.0 million which have been reflected in the consolidated financial statements.

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