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Spirit Aerosystems Holdings (SPR)Stock (Aerospace & Defense Industry, Manufacturing Industry)
[edit] Business FinancialsSpirit AeroSystems works in three segments: Fuselage Systems, which includes the forward, mid and rear fuselage sections, Propulsion Systems, which includes nacelles, struts/pylons and engine structural components, and Wing Systems, which manufactures wings, wing components, flight control surfaces, and other miscellaneous structural parts.[2] All other activities fall within the All Other segment. SPR’s most significant customers are original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), Boeing and Airbus. These OEMs are supplied with parts for initial manufacturing and the aftermarket, which are then distributed to the OEMs customers. This service is for the entire life span of aircraft programs. The 1Q 2008 saw a 8.6% revenue increase, from $954.1M in 1Q 2007 to $1,036.4M in 1Q 2008.[3] In fiscal 2007 total assets were $3,339.9M and total liabilities were $2,073.3M with a current ratio of 2.73, a 97% debt-to-equity ratio, and 7.7% net profit margins.[4]
[edit] Fuselage SystemsFuselage Systems (46% of revenue for fiscal 2007) segment includes development and production of the fuselage systems, primarily to aircraft original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), as well as related spares and maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO ) services. Revenue for fiscal 2007 was $1,790.7M, an increase of $220.7 million, or 14.1%, compared with revenues of $1,570.0M for fiscal 2006.[8] During the 1Q 2008 revenue was $492M, an increase of 10.5% from $445.2M in 1Q 2007.[9] This reflects an increase in Boeing B737, B747, B767 and B777 model production in support of customer deliveries and delivery of the first B787 forward fuselage section. Fuselage Systems posted segment operating margins of 18% for fiscal 2007 as compared to 7% reported in the same period in the prior year.[10] [edit] Propulsion SystemsThe Propulsion Systems (28% of revenue for fiscal 2007) segment includes the development and production of struts/pylons, nacelles (including thrust reversers) and related engine structural components primarily to the original equipiment manufacturers (OEMs)of aircrafts or engines. Revenue for fiscal 2007 was $1,063.6M, an increase of $175.9M million, or 20%, compared with revenues of $887.7M for fiscal 2006.[11] During the 1Q 2008 revenue was $274.7M, a 5.5% increase from $260.4M in 1Q 2007.[12] This reflects an increase in Boeing B737, B747, B767 and B777 model production in support of customer deliveries and deliveries of the initial B787 ship sets. Propulsion Systems posted segment operating margins of 16% for fiscal 2007 compared to 4% with fiscal 2006.[13] [edit] Wing SystemsThe Wing Systems (25% of revenue for fiscal 2007) segment makes aircraft wings and their components for use by original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Revenue for fiscal 2007 was $985.5M, an increase of $265.2M, or 37%, compared with revenues of $720.3M for fiscal 2006.[14] During the 1Q 2008 revenue was $262.3M, a 8.7% increase from $241.2M in 1Q 2007.[15] BAE Aerostructures was acquired on April 1, 2006; therefore, 2006 includes only nine months of Spirit Europe operations.[16] Wing Systems posted segment operating margins of 11% for fiscal 2007, compared to 2% in fiscal 2006.[17] [edit] All OtherThe All Other (1% of revenue for fiscal 2007) segment revenues consist of sundry sales and miscellaneous services, and revenues from the Kansas Industrial Energy Supply Company (KIESC). In fiscal 2007, All Other segment revenue was $21.0M, a decrease of $8.7 million or 29% compared with $29.7 million in fiscal 2006.[18] The reduction in revenue was primarily driven by decreases in natural gas demand associated with KIESC.[19] During the 1Q 2008 revenue was $7.4, a 1.4% increase from $7.3M in 1Q 2007.[20] [edit] Boeing Wichita AcquisitonOn June 16, 2005 SPR acquired Boeing Wichita, a supplier of parts and assemblies primarily for Boeing’s airplane programs.[21] In connection with the Boeing acquisition, SPR entered into a long-term supply agreement to be the exclusive supplier of all the products and services provided by Boeing Wichita to Boeing prior to the acquisition. The supply contract is a requirements contract covering certain products such as fuselages, struts/pylons and wing components for Boeing B737, B747, B767,B777, and Boeing’s new B787 commercial aircraft programs for the life of these programs, including any commercial derivative models. On April 1, 2006, through SPR’s subsidiary, Spirit Europe, acquired BAE Aerostructures.[22] Spirit Europe manufactures leading and trailing wing edges and other wing components for commercial aircraft programs for Airbus and Boeing and produces various aerostructure components for certain Hawker Beechcraft business jets. [edit] Trends and Forces[edit] Cyclical Nature of the Aircraft IndustryThe commercial jet market is driven by volatile factors, which is why demand is highly cyclical. The two most important factors influencing demand are airline profitability and growth in air traffic. These factors are in turn influenced by fuel prices, interest rates, consumer confidence, and the overall health of the economy. Fuel prices, for example, has been in an upswing reaching over $140 a barrel for crude oil, averaging $3.45 a gallon of fuel for commercial airlines.[23] This has increased fuel bills for all commercial airlines, increasing United Airlines’ from $3.5 B in 2007 to about $9.5B in 2008.[24] Many airlines are trying to reduce costs as their profitability begins to decrease by decreasing their aircraft fleet. SPR will reap the effect of this cycle. Anticipated cyclical slower growth of aircraft sales are predicted to begin in 2010. SPR's repair, spare parts inventory for active aircraft, and worldwide service capabilities and diversification amongst numerous types of aircraft will deliver handsome benefits regardless of new aircraft production. Additionally, as a result of fleet usage, the maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) will see continue to see growth in upcoming years. [edit] Dependent on Boeing and AirbusSPR's largest customers are Boeing (87% of 2007 revenue) and Airbus (10%).[25] 95% of the products SPR sells to Boeing and Airbus are only purchased from SPR.[26] Due to a large amount of sales to both Boeing and Airbus, SPR will be negatively affected if either of these companies experience business difficulties or reduce the number of products they purchases from SPR. Boeing’s backlog increased 40 percent to over 3,400 aircrafts.[27] Airbus’ orders have also increased with orders over 8,800 aircrafts.[28] [edit] Jet Fuel PricesCommercial Airlines will continue to lose earnings with high jet fuel prices. As they increase airfare, demand for airplane transportation will decrease and demand for the production of commercial aircrafts will therefore also decrease. A substantial amount of SPR’s revenue depends on the production of new aircrafts, and if high prices continue, the airline industry and SPR will be affected. Jet fuel has increased by almost 90% since May 2007 to May 2008, and there is an upswing trend in jet fuel prices.[31] Higher jet fuel prices also increases the demand for better fuel efficient airplanes, such as Boeings 787. The determinant factor is whether the falling demand for air transportation is greater than or less than the increased demand for fuel efficient airfare. If commercial airlines are able to withstand the decreasing demand of air transportation due to higher prices while they wait for the delivery of better fuel efficient airplanes, orders will keep increasing; if they are not, then orders for commercial aircarfts will decrease. [edit] Raw MaterialIncreased prices of raw material which SPR uses for manufacturing their products will have adverse effects on their earnings, margins and revenues. The primary material they use are titanium, aluminum, and carbon fiber. Price fluctuation is caused by oil prices, changes in supply and demand, labor costs, import duties, currency exchange rates, among other related reasons. Aluminum prices have been increasing, and hit a record on the London Metal Exchange with a price tag of $3,380.15 a ton, with an official price of $3,340 which has increased 39% from the beginning of 2008.[33] However, titanium prices are decreasing to about $9/kg.[34] [edit] CompetitionAlthough the aerostructures market remains highly fragmented, SPR has an estimated 20% market share as the largest aerostructure supplier. Their principal competitors among OEMs include Airbus S.A.S., Boeing, Lockheed Martin Corp., Northrop Grumman Corporation, and Textron Inc. All of these OEMs are capable of producing their own aerostructures, and several of them do so. For OEMs, in-house manufacturing capacity is many times a more important factor than cost price when deciding to outsource the production of aerostructures. SPR’s ability to compete and win long-term contracts with both Boeing and Airbus, although competitors, is attributed to their relationship with the OEMs. SPR’s acquisition of Boeing’s commercial aerostructure manufacturing operations and the aerostructures division of BAE Systems (parent of Airbus) has enabled it to outperform both Boeing and Airbus in manufacturing aerostructures.
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