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These excerpts taken from the DTV 10-K filed Feb 27, 2009. (a) Material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, to which we became or were a party during the year ended December 31, 2008 or subsequent thereto, but before the filing of this report, are summarized below: Intellectual Property Litigation. We are a defendant in several unrelated lawsuits claiming infringement of various patents relating to various aspects of our businesses. In certain of these cases other industry participants are also defendants, and also in certain of these cases we expect that any potential liability would be the responsibility of our equipment vendors pursuant to applicable contractual indemnification provisions. To the extent that the allegations in these lawsuits can be analyzed by us at this stage of their proceedings, we believe the claims are without merit and intend to defend the actions vigorously. The final disposition of these claims is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, but could possibly be material to our consolidated results of operations of any one period. No assurance can be given that any adverse outcome would not be material to our consolidated financial position. Finisar Corporation. As previously reported, we were successful in 2008 in our effort to have the jury verdict in the Finisar case vacated on appeal. The original verdict found the patent to be valid and willfully infringed, and the jury awarded approximately $79 million in damages. The trial court increased the damages award by $25 million because of the jury finding of willful infringement and awarded pre-judgment interest of $13 million. DIRECTV was also ordered to pay into escrow $1.60 per new set-top receiver manufactured for use with the DIRECTV system beginning June 17, 2006 and continuing until the patent expires in 2012 or was otherwise found to be invalid. On April 18, 2008, the Court of Appeals reversed the verdict of the district court in part, vacated the findings of infringement, and remanded for further proceedings on the remaining issues finding that the district court had applied erroneous interpretations of certain terms of the claims. The Court found a principal independent claim to be anticipated and therefore invalid, and remanded for further proceedings regarding validity of other asserted claims in view of this finding. The Court reversed the verdict of willful infringement, and affirmed the earlier ruling finding several claims to be invalid prior to trial. Following these decisions, our appeal bond was terminated and the escrowed royalties were returned to us. In the remand now pending, initial summary judgment motions on invalidity of additional claims 34
have been submitted. If necessary, there will be further proceedings and a trial of remaining issues, which is presently scheduled for October 2009. Early Cancellation Fees. In 2008, a number of plaintiffs filed putative class action lawsuits in state and federal courts challenging the early cancellation fees DIRECTV assesses its customers when they do not fulfill their programming commitments. There are several lawsuits currently pendingsome in California state court purporting to represent statewide classes, and some in federal courts purporting to represent nationwide classes. The lawsuits seek both monetary and injunctive relief. While the theories of liability vary, the lawsuits generally challenge these fees under state consumer protection laws as both unfair and inadequately disclosed to customers. Each of the lawsuits is at an early stage. Where possible, we are moving to compel these cases to arbitration in accordance with our Customer Agreement, but in states such as California where the enforceability of the arbitration provision is limited, we intend to defend against these allegations in court. We believe that our early cancellation fees are adequately disclosed, and represent reasonable estimates of the costs we incur when customers cancel service before fulfilling their programming commitments. Other. We are subject to other legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business. The amount of ultimate liability with respect to such actions is not expected to materially affect our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. (b) The following previously reported legal proceeding was terminated during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2008. SuperGuide Corporation. On June 27, 2000, SuperGuide Corporation filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of North Carolina against DIRECTV Enterprises, LLC, DIRECTV, Inc., DIRECTV Operations, LLC, and The DIRECTV Group, Inc., Thomson Inc., and EchoStar Communications Corporation, EchoStar Satellite Corporation and EchoStar Technologies Corporation. The action alleged infringement of three U.S. patents and sought unspecified damages and injunctive relief. Gemstar Development Corp. was added as a third party defendant because it asserted to have exclusive control of the patents by reason of a license agreement with SuperGuide Corporation. In August 2005, the Court granted summary judgment on two of the patents, dismissing the claims of infringement relating to them with prejudice, leaving only one patent at issue which expired in 2005. After a bench trial, on July 19, 2007 the Court entered judgment denying Gemstar's assertion and holding that SuperGuide has the relevant rights relating to the remaining patent. Proceedings regarding the remaining patent were then initiated. On October 14, 2008, DIRECTV and Thomson agreed with SuperGuide to settle the case, and DIRECTV was dismissed from the case on October 20, 2008. (a) Material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, to which we became or were a party during the year ended December 31, 2008 or subsequent thereto, but before the filing of this report, are summarized below: Intellectual Property Litigation. We are a defendant in several unrelated lawsuits claiming infringement of various patents relating to various aspects of our businesses. In certain of these cases other industry participants are also defendants, and also in certain of these cases we expect that any potential liability would be the responsibility of our equipment vendors pursuant to applicable contractual indemnification provisions. To the extent that the allegations in these lawsuits can be analyzed by us at this stage of their proceedings, we believe the claims are without merit and intend to defend the actions vigorously. The final disposition of these claims is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, but could possibly be material to our consolidated results of operations of any one period. No assurance can be given that any adverse outcome would not be material to our consolidated financial position. Finisar Corporation. As previously reported, we were successful in 2008 in our effort to have the jury verdict in the Finisar case vacated on appeal. The original verdict found the patent to be valid and willfully infringed, and the jury awarded approximately $79 million in damages. The trial court increased the damages award by $25 million because of the jury finding of willful infringement and awarded pre-judgment interest of $13 million. DIRECTV was also ordered to pay into escrow $1.60 per new set-top receiver manufactured for use with the DIRECTV system beginning June 17, 2006 and continuing until the patent expires in 2012 or was otherwise found to be invalid. On April 18, 2008, the Court of Appeals reversed the verdict of the district court in part, vacated the findings of infringement, and remanded for further proceedings on the remaining issues finding that the district court had applied erroneous interpretations of certain terms of the claims. The Court found a principal independent claim to be anticipated and therefore invalid, and remanded for further proceedings regarding validity of other asserted claims in view of this finding. The Court reversed the verdict of willful infringement, and affirmed the earlier ruling finding several claims to be invalid prior to trial. Following these decisions, our appeal bond was terminated and the escrowed royalties were returned to us. In the remand now pending, initial summary judgment motions on invalidity of additional claims 34
have been submitted. If necessary, there will be further proceedings and a trial of remaining issues, which is presently scheduled for October 2009. Early Cancellation Fees. In 2008, a number of plaintiffs filed putative class action lawsuits in state and federal courts challenging the early cancellation fees DIRECTV assesses its customers when they do not fulfill their programming commitments. There are several lawsuits currently pendingsome in California state court purporting to represent statewide classes, and some in federal courts purporting to represent nationwide classes. The lawsuits seek both monetary and injunctive relief. While the theories of liability vary, the lawsuits generally challenge these fees under state consumer protection laws as both unfair and inadequately disclosed to customers. Each of the lawsuits is at an early stage. Where possible, we are moving to compel these cases to arbitration in accordance with our Customer Agreement, but in states such as California where the enforceability of the arbitration provision is limited, we intend to defend against these allegations in court. We believe that our early cancellation fees are adequately disclosed, and represent reasonable estimates of the costs we incur when customers cancel service before fulfilling their programming commitments. Other. We are subject to other legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business. The amount of ultimate liability with respect to such actions is not expected to materially affect our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. (b) The following previously reported legal proceeding was terminated during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2008. SuperGuide Corporation. On June 27, 2000, SuperGuide Corporation filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of North Carolina against DIRECTV Enterprises, LLC, DIRECTV, Inc., DIRECTV Operations, LLC, and The DIRECTV Group, Inc., Thomson Inc., and EchoStar Communications Corporation, EchoStar Satellite Corporation and EchoStar Technologies Corporation. The action alleged infringement of three U.S. patents and sought unspecified damages and injunctive relief. Gemstar Development Corp. was added as a third party defendant because it asserted to have exclusive control of the patents by reason of a license agreement with SuperGuide Corporation. In August 2005, the Court granted summary judgment on two of the patents, dismissing the claims of infringement relating to them with prejudice, leaving only one patent at issue which expired in 2005. After a bench trial, on July 19, 2007 the Court entered judgment denying Gemstar's assertion and holding that SuperGuide has the relevant rights relating to the remaining patent. Proceedings regarding the remaining patent were then initiated. On October 14, 2008, DIRECTV and Thomson agreed with SuperGuide to settle the case, and DIRECTV was dismissed from the case on October 20, 2008. (a) Material Intellectual Property Litigation. We are a defendant in several unrelated lawsuits claiming infringement of various patents Finisar Corporation. As previously reported, we were successful in 2008 in our effort to have the jury verdict in the Finisar case 34
have Early Cancellation Fees. In 2008, a number of plaintiffs filed putative class action lawsuits in state and federal courts Other. We are subject to other legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business. The amount of (b) The SuperGuide Corporation. On June 27, 2000, SuperGuide Corporation filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of (a) Material Intellectual Property Litigation. We are a defendant in several unrelated lawsuits claiming infringement of various patents Finisar Corporation. As previously reported, we were successful in 2008 in our effort to have the jury verdict in the Finisar case 34
have Early Cancellation Fees. In 2008, a number of plaintiffs filed putative class action lawsuits in state and federal courts Other. We are subject to other legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business. The amount of (b) The SuperGuide Corporation. On June 27, 2000, SuperGuide Corporation filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of These excerpts taken from the DTV 10-K filed Feb 25, 2008. (a) Material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, to which we became or were a party during the year ended December 31, 2007 or subsequent thereto, but before the filing of this report, are summarized below: Intellectual Property Litigation. We are a defendant in several unrelated lawsuits claiming infringement of various patents relating to various aspects of our businesses. In certain of these cases other industry participants are also defendants, and also in certain of these cases we expect that any potential liability would be the responsibility of our equipment vendors pursuant to applicable contractual indemnification provisions. To the extent that the allegations in these lawsuits can be analyzed by us at this stage of their proceedings, we believe the claims are without merit and intend to defend the actions vigorously. The final disposition of these claims is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, but could possibly be material to our consolidated results of operations of any one period. Further, no assurance can be given that any adverse outcome would not be material to our consolidated financial position. In this connection, on June 27, 2000, SuperGuide Corporation filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of North Carolina against DIRECTV Enterprises, LLC, DIRECTV, Inc. DIRECTV Operations, LLC, and The DIRECTV Group, Inc.; Thomson Inc.; and EchoStar Communications Corporation, EchoStar Satellite Corporation and EchoStar Technologies Corporation. The action alleges infringement of three U.S. patents and seeks unspecified damages and injunctive relief. Gemstar Development Corp. was added as a third party defendant because it asserted to have exclusive control of the patents by reason of a license agreement with SuperGuide Corporation. On July 3, 2002, the court granted summary judgment of non-infringement to the DIRECTV defendants and DIRECTV system manufacturers under all asserted claims of the patents in the case, and judgment for all defendants dismissing the claims of infringement was entered on July 25, 2002. On February 12, 2004, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed the decision in part and reversed in part, and remanded the action for further proceedings. In August, 2005 the court again granted summary judgment on two of the patents, dismissing the claims of infringement relating to them with prejudice, leaving only one patent at issue which expired in 2005. The court then stayed activity relating to the remaining patent, pending determination of the issue of Gemstar's license rights. After a bench trial, on July 19, 2007 the court entered judgment denying Gemstar's assertion and holding that SuperGuide has the relevant rights relating to the remaining patent. Proceedings regarding the remaining patent are now underway, and trial on the issues of infringement, enforceability and validity is expected in the second half of 2008. Finisar Corporation. On April 4, 2005, Finisar Corporation filed a patent infringement action in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas (Beaumont) alleging that the company, DIRECTV Holdings LLC, DIRECTV Enterprises, LLC, DIRECTV Operations, LLC, DIRECTV, Inc., and DTV Network Systems, Inc. infringed U.S. Patent No. 5,404,505. On June 23, 32 THE DIRECTV GROUP, INC. 2006, the jury determined that we willfully infringed this patent and awarded approximately $79 million in damages. On July 7, 2006, the Court entered its final written judgment which denied Finisar's request for an injunction and instead granted DIRECTV an ongoing royalty. Under this grant, we would be obligated to pay Finisar $1.60 per new set-top box manufactured for use with the DIRECTV system beginning June 17, 2006 and continuing until the patent expires in 2012 or is otherwise found to be invalid. The Court also increased the damages award by $25 million because of the jury finding of willful infringement and awarded pre-judgment interest of $13 million to Finisar. Post-judgment interest accrues on the total judgment. We filed a notice of appeal to the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit on October 5, 2006, and Finisar also filed a notice of appeal on October 18, 2006. A bond was submitted to the District Court in the amount of $127 million as required security for the damages awarded but not yet paid pending appeal plus interest for the anticipated duration of the appeal. We were successful in obtaining an order that post-judgment ongoing royalties shall be held in escrow pending outcome of the appeal. Through December 31, 2007, the ongoing royalties amounted to $33 million, which has been paid into escrow. Oral arguments on the appeal and cross-appeal were heard by the Court on January 7, 2008. Based on our review of the record in this case, including discussion with and analysis by counsel of the bases for our appeal, we have determined that we have a number of strong arguments available on appeal and, although there can be no assurance as to the ultimate outcome, we are confident that the judgment against us will ultimately be reversed, or remanded for a new trial in which we believe we would prevail. As a result, we have concluded that it is not probable that Finisar will ultimately prevail in this matter; therefore, we have not recorded any liability for this judgment nor are we recording any expense for the compulsory license. *** Other. We are subject to other legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business. The amount of ultimate liability with respect to such actions is not expected to materially affect our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. (b) No previous reported legal proceedings were terminated during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2007. *** (a) Material Intellectual Property Litigation. We are a defendant in several unrelated lawsuits claiming In Finisar Corporation. On April 4, 2005, Finisar Corporation filed a patent infringement action in the United States 32 THE DIRECTV GROUP, INC. 2006, We Based *** Other. We are subject to other legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our (b) No *** This excerpt taken from the DTV 10-K filed Mar 1, 2005. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
(a) Material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, to which we became or were a party during the year ended December 31, 2004 or subsequent thereto, but before the filing of this report, are summarized below:
Independent Retailer Litigation. In April 2001, Robert Garcia, doing business as Direct Satellite TV, an independent retailer of DIRECTV System equipment, instituted arbitration proceedings against DIRECTV U.S. in Los Angeles, California regarding commissions and certain chargeback disputes. On October 4, 2001, Mr. Garcia filed a class action complaint against DIRECTV U.S. in Los Angeles County Superior Court asserting the same claims and a Consumer Legal Remedies Act claim. Mr. Garcia alleges $300 million in class-wide damages and seeks certification of a class of plaintiffs to proceed in arbitration with court oversight. In February 2004, the trial court compelled the matter to arbitration and relinquished all jurisdiction in connection with the case. The matter is now pending before the American Arbitration Association.
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On May 18, 2001, plaintiffs Cable Connection, Inc., TV Options, Inc., Swartzel Electronics, Inc. and Orbital Satellite, Inc. filed a class action complaint against DIRECTV U.S. in Oklahoma State Court, alleging claims similar to those in the above-described Garcia matter on behalf of all DIRECTV U.S. dealers. The plaintiffs seek unspecified damages and injunctive relief. After several procedural hearings and orders, the matter is now pending before the American Arbitration Association.
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Intellectual Property Litigation. On June 23, 2004, Acacia Media Technologies Corporation, or Acacia, filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California against The DIRECTV Group, Inc., Comcast Corporation, Cox Communications, Inc., Hospitality Network, Inc., Charter Communications, Inc., EchoStar Communications Corporation, Boulder Ridge Cable TV d/b/a Starstream Communications, Seren Innovations, Inc. and Central Valley Cable TV, LLC, alleging infringement of various patents and seeking unspecified damages and injunctive relief. The defendants, including us, have answered by asserting that the patents are not infringed, not valid, and not enforceable on numerous grounds and intend to vigorously defend against these claims. Activity is now stayed pending outcome of requests by Acacia to combine the action with others as a multi-district litigation.
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On December 5, 2000, Personalized Media Communications, LLC and Pegasus Development Corporation filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware against DIRECTV, Inc., The DIRECTV Group, Inc., Thomson Consumer Electronics and Philips Electronics North American Corp., alleging patent infringement and seeking unspecified damages and injunctive relief. On May 14, 2003, the court stayed the case pending outcome of reexaminations of the patents by the U.S. Patent Office.
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On June 27, 2000, SuperGuide Corporation filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of North Carolina against DIRECTV Enterprises, LLC, DIRECTV, Inc. and DIRECTV Operations, LLC, which we
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THE DIRECTV GROUP, INC.
refer to together in this paragraph as the DIRECTV defendants, The DIRECTV Group, Inc., Thomson Inc., EchoStar Communications Corporation, EchoStar Satellite Corporation and EchoStar Technologies Corporation, alleging patent infringement and seeking unspecified damages and injunctive relief. Gemstar Development Corp. was added as a third party defendant because it asserts to have exclusive control of the patents by reason of a license agreement with SuperGuide Corporation. On July 3, 2002, the court granted summary judgment of non-infringement to the DIRECTV defendants, us and DIRECTV system manufacturers under all asserted claims of the patents in the case. Judgment for all defendants dismissing all claims of infringement and awarding costs to defendants was entered on July 25, 2002. On February 12, 2004, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed the decision in part and reversed in part, and remanded the action for further proceedings.
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On April 18, 1997, International Electronics Technology Corp. filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California against DIRECTV, Inc., Hughes Aircraft Co., and Thomson Inc., alleging infringement of one U.S. patent and seeking unspecified damages and injunction. Plaintiff has asserted an interpretation of the claims at issue that relates to conditional access technology, and DIRECTV, Inc. has turned over the defense to NDS Limited. Trial has not yet been scheduled. DIRECTV, Inc. has raised defenses of non-infringement and/or invalidity.
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CAS 413 Administrative Proceedings. As part of the combination of our defense business with Raytheon Company, or Raytheon, in 1997 and the sale of our satellite systems manufacturing businesses to The Boeing Company, or Boeing, in 2000, transfers were made from our retirement plans to the retirement plans of the buyer in each case of actuarial accrued liabilities and pension assets, including an appropriate portion of any pension surplus attributable to the businesses. The Defense Contract Management Agency, or DCMA, of the U.S. Department of Defense objected to our calculation of the appropriate pension surplus transferred in these sales under Cost Accounting Standard 413, or CAS 413, which addresses the treatment of pension assets in such cases. The DCMA issued a Finding of Noncompliance with CAS 413 on September 30, 2003 in the Raytheon transaction and on October 6, 2003 in the Boeing transaction. We responded timely to both findings. On December 12, 2003, the DCMA issued a Final Decision and Demand of Payment related to the Raytheon transaction of approximately $69 million, including interest. We also anticipate an adverse decision by the DCMA on the Boeing transaction.
On September 3, 2004, we filed a complaint in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims, The DIRECTV Group, Inc. v. United States, Case No. 04-1414C, seeking a determination that we have no liability for any segment claims adjustment in connection with the Raytheon and Boeing transactions. The government filed its Answer and Counterclaim on December 17, 2004, seeking an unspecified segment claims adjustment amount plus interest for the Raytheon transaction. We filed a Reply to Counterclaim on January 6, 2005.
We contend that we have complied with CAS 413 and no further amount is due to the U.S. government. We believe our position is supported by the Teledyne decisions of the U.S. Court of Federal Claims and Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit interpreting CAS 413. The U.S. Supreme Court, on December 1, 2003, denied a writ of certiorari challenging the circuit courts Teledyne decision.
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Darlene Litigation. On October 18, 2004, Darlene filed suit in the circuit court of Miami-Dade County, Florida, against us and certain of our subsidiaries (including DLA LLC), News Corporation and others. We and certain of the other defendants have removed this matter to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida. The suit alleges fraud and violation of fiduciary, contractual and other duties owed Darlene and to DLA LLC by one or more of the defendants.
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THE DIRECTV GROUP, INC.
Among other things, Darlene alleges that one or more of the defendants engaged in self-dealing for several years, and the Sky Transactions were negotiated in a manner and yielded a result that was unfair to DLA LLC and its members. Darlene further alleges that we entered into an oral put agreement which would have required DLA LLC to acquire Darlenes interest in DLA LLC based on a specific pricing formula and that Darlene was fraudulently induced to release its rights under that put and other rights. Darlene seeks injunctive relief to preclude DLA LLC from consummating the Sky Transactions, $1 billion in damages and other relief. As part of the Sky Transactions, we have agreed to indemnify News Corporation against certain claims, including claims by Darlene against News Corporation. We believe Darlenes claims are without merit and intend to vigorously defend against these claims.
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