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Whole Foods Market 10-K 2009 Documents found in this filing:
UNITED STATESSECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-KANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OFTHE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 27, 2009
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 0-19797
WHOLE FOODS MARKET, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
550 Bowie St. Austin, Texas 78703(Address of principal executive offices)
Registrants telephone number, including area code: 512-477-4455
Securities registered pursuant to section 12(b) of the Act: Common Stock, no par valueIndicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
The aggregate market value of all common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of April 12, 2009 was $2,547,293,463. The number of shares of the registrants common stock, no par value, outstanding as of November 20, 2009 was 140,641,517.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The information required by Part III of this report, to the extent not set forth herein, is incorporated by reference from the Registrants definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of the Stockholders to be held March 8, 2010.
Whole Foods Market, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K For the Fiscal Year Ended September 27, 2009
Table of Contents
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This Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 concerning our current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections about the future. These forward-looking statements are based on currently available operating, financial and competitive information and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. See Item 1A. Risk Factors for a discussion of risks and uncertainties that may affect our business.
General
Whole Foods Market is the worlds leading natural and organic foods supermarket and Americas first national Certified Organic grocer. Our Company mission is to promote the vitality and well-being of all individuals by supplying the highest quality, most wholesome foods available. Since the purity of our food and the health of our bodies are directly related to the purity and health of our environment, our core mission is devoted to the promotion of organically grown foods, food safety concerns, and the sustainability of our entire ecosystem. Through our growth, we have had a significant and positive impact on the natural and organic foods movement throughout the United States, helping lead the industry to nationwide acceptance over the last 29 years.
Whole Foods Market, Inc. is a Texas corporation incorporated in 1980. The Company is based in Austin, Texas and conducts business through various wholly owned subsidiaries. Unless otherwise specified, references to Whole Foods Market or the Company in this Report include its consolidated subsidiaries. We have one operating segment, natural and organic foods supermarkets.
We opened our first store in Austin, Texas in 1980 and completed our initial public offering in January 1992. As of September 27, 2009, we operated 284 stores: 273 stores in 38 U.S. states and the District of Columbia; six stores in Canada; and five stores in the United Kingdom.
Our sales have grown rapidly through new store openings, acquisitions and comparable store sales growth, from approximately $92 million in fiscal year 1991, excluding the effect of pooling-of-interests transactions completed since 1991, to approximately $8.0 billion in fiscal year 2009, a compounded annual growth rate of approximately 28%. We are a Fortune 500 company, ranking number 324 on the 2009 list. Our 284 stores average approximately 37,000 square feet in size, approximately $29 million in annual sales, and are approximately nine years old on average. Our stores are supported by 12 regional offices and our Austin headquarters, regional distribution centers, bakehouse facilities, commissary kitchens, seafood-processing facilities, meat and produce procurement centers, and a specialty coffee, tea procurement and brewing operation.
We aspire to become an international brand synonymous with not just natural and organic foods, but also with being the best food retailer in every community in which we are located. We believe our heavy emphasis on perishables and locally grown products, along with our unparalleled customer service, is helping us reach that goal, differentiating our stores from other supermarkets and enabling us to attract a broad base of loyal customers.
The following is a summary of annual percentage sales and net long-lived assets by geographic area:
The Natural and Organic Products Industry
According to a leading trade publication for the industry, sales of natural products across all retail and direct-to-consumer channels grew to approximately $68 billion in 2008, a 10% increase over the prior year.
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We believe the growth in sales of natural and organic foods is being driven by numerous factors, including:
· heightened awareness of the role that food and nutrition play in long-term health, which has led to healthier eating patterns; · a better-educated and wealthier populace whose median age is increasing each year; · increasing consumer concern over the purity and safety of food due to the presence of pesticide residues, growth hormones, artificial ingredients and other chemicals, and genetically engineered ingredients; and · environmental concerns due to the degradation of water and soil quality.
Natural foods can be defined as foods that are minimally processed, largely or completely free of artificial ingredients, preservatives and other non-naturally occurring chemicals and as near to their whole, natural state as possible. Organic foods are grown through methods intended to support and enhance the earths natural balance. Generally, organic food products are produced using:
· agricultural management practices intended to promote and enhance ecosystem health; · no genetically engineered seeds or crops, sewage sludge, long-lasting pesticides, herbicides or fungicides; · livestock management practices intended to promote healthy, humanely treated animals by providing organically grown feed, fresh air and outdoor access while using no antibiotics or growth hormones; and · food processing practices intended to protect the integrity of the organic product and disallow irradiation, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) or synthetic preservatives.
Organic Rule
In October 2002, the United States Department of Agricultures (USDA) Organic Rule was implemented into Federal law. The Organic Rule was created to address the rapid, consistent growth of the organics industry over the past 20-plus years and the need for a set of national organic standards to serve as clear guidelines as to what is considered organic for the industry and its customers. Under the Organic Rule, all products labeled as organic in any form must be certified by a USDA-accredited certifying agency. Furthermore, all retailers, including Whole Foods Market, that handle, store, and sell organic products must implement measures to protect their organic integrity by:
· preventing the commingling of organic and conventional products; · protecting organic products from contact with prohibited substances (such as sanitation and pest control products); · labeling organic products properly and clearly; and · keeping proper records with regard to organic handling procedures and vendor relationships.
Whole Foods Market played an active leadership role in the development of the national organic standards. Margaret Wittenberg, our Global Vice President of Quality Standards and Public Affairs, served on the National Organic Standards Board (NOSB) from 1995 to 2000. The NOSB members were appointed by the Secretary of Agriculture to act as industry advisors to the USDAs National Organic Program, developing the standards and protocols that form the backbone of the USDAs Organic Rule. As the sole retail representative on the NOSB, Ms. Wittenberg contributed a broad, realistic perspective on how the standards could work most effectively at the retail level.
In fiscal year 2009, U.S. Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack appointed Joe Dickson, our Food, Organic and Environmental Quality Standards Coordinator, to serve as one of five new board members on the National Organic Standards Board from 2010 through 2015.
Whole Foods Market has been devoted to protecting organic integrity for years, and we are pleased to have the USDAs Organic Rule as a guiding standard. In May 2003, Whole Foods Market became Americas first national Certified Organic grocer through certification by a federally recognized independent third-party certification organization. In July 2009, California Certified Organic Growers (CCOF), one of the oldest and largest USDA-accredited third-party organic certifiers, individually certified each of our stores in the U.S., complying with stricter guidance on federal regulations. This voluntary certification tells our customers that we have gone the extra mile by not only following the USDAs Organic Rule, but opening our stores up to third-party inspectors and following a strict set of operating procedures designed to ensure that the products we sell and label as organic are indeed organic procedures that are not specifically required by the Organic Rule.
This certification verifies our handling of organic goods according to stringent national guidelines, from receipt through re-packing to final sale to customers. To receive certification, retailers must agree to adhere to a strict set of standards set forth by the USDA, submit documentation, and open their facilities to on-site inspections all designed to assure Americans that the chain of organic integrity is preserved. The certification is one more example of our commitment to the promotion of organic agriculture and the integrity of the certified organic label.
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Business Strategy
Whole Foods Market is the worlds leading natural and organic foods supermarket. We believe that much of our success to date is because we remain a uniquely mission-driven Company. We are highly selective about what we sell. We believe in providing an empowering work environment for our team members, and we are committed to sustainable agriculture. Our motto, Whole Foods, Whole People, Whole Planet, emphasizes that our vision reaches far beyond just food retailing.
Whole Foods
We obtain our products locally and from all over the world, often from small, uniquely dedicated food artisans. We strive to offer the highest quality, least processed, most flavorful and naturally preserved foods. We believe that food in its purest state, unadulterated by artificial additives, sweeteners, colorings and preservatives, is the best tasting and most nutritious food available.
Whole People
We recruit the best people we can to become part of our team. We empower them to make many operational decisions, creating a respectful workplace where team members are treated fairly and are highly motivated to succeed. We look for team members who are passionate about food, but also well-rounded human beings who can play a critical role in helping to build our Company into a profitable and beneficial part of every community we serve.
Whole Planet
We believe companies, like individuals, must assume their share of responsibility for our planet. We actively support organic farming on a global basis because we believe it is the best method for promoting sustainable agriculture and protecting the environment and farm workers. We also assist our global neighbors through our Whole Planet Foundations microlending operations. On a local basis, we are actively involved in our communities by supporting food banks, sponsoring neighborhood events, and contributing at least 5% of our after-tax profits in the form of cash or products to not-for-profit organizations.
Core Values
Our core values reflect what is truly important to us as an organization. They are the underpinning of our corporate culture and the soul of our Company. They transcend our size and growth, so regardless of how large we become, by maintaining our core values we are able to preserve what has always been special about our Company. In 2009, we added a seventh core value recognizing the important role we play in promoting the health of our stakeholders.
Our core values are:
· selling the highest quality natural and organic products available; · satisfying and delighting our customers; · supporting team member happiness and excellence; · creating wealth through profits and growth; · caring about our communities and our environment; · creating ongoing win-win partnerships with our suppliers; and · promoting the health of our stakeholders through healthy eating education.
These core values speak to our belief in a balanced way of doing business. They very succinctly express the purpose of our business, which is not only to make profits, but to create value for all of our major stakeholders our customers, team members, suppliers, investors, and the community and environment. All are linked interdependently.
Whole Planet Foundation®
As an extension of our core value to care about our communities and environment, we created the Whole Planet Foundation in 2005, an independent, non-profit organization whose mission is to empower the poor through microcredit, with a focus on the developing-world communities that supply our stores with product. Microcredit is a system pioneered by Professor Muhammad Yunus, founder of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh and co-recipient of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize. The philosophy behind microcredit is to provide the poor access to credit without requiring contracts or collateral, enabling them to lift themselves out of poverty by creating or expanding home-based businesses. Whole Planet Foundation has partnered with various microfinance institutions to support microlending programs in communities where the Company sources products.
As of September 27, 2009, the Whole Planet Foundation had committed over $10 million in grants to 16 microlending projects. These projects are in Argentina, where Whole Foods Market sources blueberries; Bolivia, where we buy cacao; Costa Rica and Honduras, where we source bananas; Guatemala, Nicaragua, Indonesia, East Timor, Ethiopia and Kenya, where we have relationships with coffee farmers; Haiti, where we source mangoes; India, where we buy spices and cashews;
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Nepal, where we source tea; Peru, where we buy onions; Thailand, where we buy rice; and the United States, where we buy produce and dairy.
Together with customers, vendors and team members, Whole Foods Market and Whole Planet Foundation have funded microlending projects for over 47,600 women and their families to date. It is estimated that each woman supports a family of five, which means our support is indirectly contributing to the prosperity of approximately 238,000 individuals. Microentrepreneurs supported by Whole Planet Foundations implementing partners around the globe are utilizing the loans for home-based businesses such as poultry and pig farming, agriculture, furniture making, tailoring, and selling handicrafts, homemade and bakery-made foods, clothing and footwear.
In July 2009, Whole Foods Market received the Natural Products Associations 2009 Socially Responsible Retailer Award for excellence in integrating social responsibility into multiple aspects of business. While there were several determining factors for selection, the work of our Whole Planet Foundation was the primary reason that Whole Foods Market was chosen for the award.
Today, more than one billion people are living on less than $1 a day. Whole Foods Market covers all operating costs and the overhead budget for Whole Planet Foundation, funded in part by the sale of products under the Companys Whole Trade Guarantee program. Join us in empowering entrepreneurs in the global community by donating online at www.wholeplanetfoundation.org. We have included the foundations website address only as an inactive textual reference. The information contained on the website is not incorporated by reference into this Report on Form 10-K.
Green Action
Supporting wise environmental practices is part of our core values and strengthens our commitment to being a leader in environmental stewardship. Our Green Mission Task Force, comprised of team members and leadership across the Company, is empowered to act on initiatives that support our Green Mission, including best practices and Company-wide intentions for energy efficiency, green building, and waste stream reductions. In 2009, we were honored to receive a 2009 Green Choice Award from Natural Health magazine for our commitment to substantial, earth-friendly initiatives that inspire others to follow suit.
Renewable Energy. Whole Foods Market uses a comprehensive alternative energy approach to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels. Over the years, we have purchased approximately 2.0 million megawatt hours of wind-based renewable energy. Our commitment to renewable energy purchasing earned us Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Green Power awards from 2005 through 2008. We now have close to 20 locations either hosting or using solar power to supplement traditional power, with future rollout plans to include up to 70 locations. We also have hydrogen fuel cells on-site at two stores in Glastonbury, CT and Dedham, MA.
Energy Reduction and Efficiency. Whole Foods Market has installed energy monitoring equipment to identify system reduction opportunities, and retrofit existing stores with more energy efficient lighting, equipment, and mechanical components. The Company is also upgrading its equipment and systems to improve energy efficiency in new stores, efforts that may reduce energy consumption by 10 percent to 50 percent in certain stores. In addition, the recent implementation of a Company-wide energy and refrigerant tracking program is enabling us to develop a greenhouse gas emissions inventory.
Green Construction. We build our new stores with the environment in mind, using green building innovations whenever possible. Five of our stores have received Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification by the U.S. Green Building Council, including our South Loop store in Chicago which earned LEED Gold certification. In addition, we are working with the Green Building Initiatives Green Globes Program, which has been equated to LEED but with more emphasis on energy efficiency. Two of our stores earned Green Globes this year, including our new Dedham, MA store which earned three Green Globes (equivalent to LEED Gold). We have approximately 20 stores registered to become LEED-certified and more under development.
Encouraging Reusable Grocery Bags. Whole Foods Market discontinued the use of disposable plastic grocery bags at the checkouts in all stores in the U.S., Canada and the United Kingdom on Earth Day, April 22, 2008. We strongly encourage our customers to use reusable grocery bags by providing affordable bags, including our $0.99 A Better Bag made from recycled plastic bottles, and by paying at least a nickel per bag refund at the checkout.
Composting and Recycling. Nearly all of our stores are involved in a recycling program, and most participate in a composting program where food waste and compostable paper goods are regenerated into compost. Additionally, in 2007, we introduced all-natural fiber packaging in many of our prepared foods departments that is a compostable, environmentally friendly alternative to traditional petroleum and wood- or tree-based materials. Its fibers come from plants that are cultivated or grow
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wild and are harvested annually. We are also working to eliminate the use of Styrofoam packing materials in product shipments to our Company.
Healthy Eating Education
Whole Foods Market has renewed and expanded its intention to educate customers and team members about healthy eating choices with the introduction of a seventh core value in fiscal year 2009. Our new Global Healthy Eating Education Team is in place, and we began the process of piloting this new education program across our regions and stores this past summer. The program includes, among other things: in-store Healthy Eating centers to display books and answer questions about healthy eating and cooking ideas; store tours focused on making healthy eating choices; and a wide variety of educational opportunities for team members, along with healthy eating classes and networking opportunities for our customers. We believe our healthy eating education program will be a key differentiator for Whole Foods Market, helping to promote the health, well-being and longevity of our customers and team members for years to come.
In November 2008, Health magazine named Whole Foods Market Americas Healthiest Grocery Store based on a survey of six prominent health experts. In August 2009, we launched a new partnership with Chef Ann Cooper, the nations Renegade Lunch Lady, to transform lunch in schools across the country through the School Lunch Revolution campaign. Supported in part by a donation from Whole Foods Market and a donation drive at check-out stands in our stores, this national effort is designed to help schools bring about real change in the way children eat. In supporting Chef Coopers free, first-of-a-kind Lunch Box website thelunchbox.org our goal is to raise awareness, engage our shoppers, and give schools easy access to the tools they need to serve fresher, healthier meals.
Products
We offer a broad and differentiated product selection with a strong emphasis on perishable foods designed to appeal to all shoppers. Most of our products are from natural and organic food vendors; however, we do sell certain conventional national brands that meet our quality standards. Due to seasonality, the Companys gross profit is typically lower in the first fiscal quarter due to the product mix of holiday sales, and in the summer months through September during which we have historically experienced lower average weekly sales. The following is a summary of annual percentage sales by product category:
Figures may not sum due to rounding.
Product Selection
Our product selection includes, but is not limited to: produce, seafood, grocery, meat and poultry, bakery, prepared foods and catering, specialty (beer, wine and cheese), coffee and tea, nutritional supplements, vitamins, body care and educational products such as books, floral, pet products and household products.
We believe our heavy emphasis on perishable products differentiates us from other supermarkets and helps us attract a broader customer base. We believe that all shoppers, not just natural and organic food shoppers, appreciate great produce, dairy, meat and poultry, seafood, bakery and prepared foods. We believe it is our strength of execution in perishables that has attracted many of our most loyal customers.
Quality Standards
An integral part of our Company mission is to promote the vitality and well-being of all individuals by supplying the highest quality, most wholesome foods available. We evaluate quality in terms of nutrition, freshness, appearance and taste. Our search for quality is a never-ending process involving the careful judgment of buyers throughout the Company.
· We carefully evaluate each and every product that we sell. · We feature foods that are free of artificial preservatives, colors, flavors, sweeteners and hydrogenated fats. · We are passionate about great tasting food and the pleasure of sharing it with others. · We are committed to foods that are fresh, wholesome and safe to eat. · We seek out and promote organically grown foods. · We provide food and nutritional products that support health and well-being.
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Our work over the past year has included a focus on enhancing our quality standards for wild-caught seafood. For the past decade we have had a solid foundation for sourcing sustainable seafood through our partnership with the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC). The MSC is a global, independent, non-profit fishery certification organization that rewards sustainable fishing practices to ensure healthier marine environments and abundant fish stocks for future generations. We are proud to have been the first U.S. retailer to offer MSC-certified seafood, which displays the MSC label to indicate the seafood is sourced from responsible, well-managed fisheries. In addition to continually expanding the varieties of MSC-certified seafood we offer in our stores, we also stopped selling several seafood species that are considered by a consensus of seafood experts to be depleted in the oceans.
For farmed seafood, our quality standards always prohibited the use of antibiotics, added growth hormones, preservatives and genetic modification or cloning. In fiscal year 2008, we launched a comprehensive set of enhanced farmed seafood standards. Now, all of our farmed finfish and shrimp suppliers have passed third-party audits to ensure they meet our stringent quality standards, which were extended to include:
· farm-to-fork traceability from the hatcheries to the ponds, pens, raceways or tanks where the seafood is raised and to the plants where it is processed; · requirements that producers minimize the impact of fish farming on the environment by protecting sensitive habitats such as mangrove forests and wetlands, monitoring water quality to prevent pollution, and sourcing feed ingredients responsibly; · the prohibition of toxic chemicals such as malachite green and organophosphate; and · requirements that producers provide detailed information on their farming practices and pass independent third-party audits.
Animal Welfare Standards
In fiscal year 2009, Whole Foods Market was ranked the most humane grocery store in a survey conducted by the World Society for the Protection of Animals, scoring highest among the top 25 largest supermarkets in the United States for the number of humanely labeled food products on its shelves.
We are dedicated to promoting animal welfare on farms and ranches that raise animals for meat production. Our minimum standards, which apply to all meat and poultry we sell in our stores, ensure the animals are:
· raised without antibiotics; · raised without added growth hormones in any species, far beyond the federal regulations that prohibit added growth hormones in poultry, pigs, veal or bison; · never fed animal byproducts; · range or pasture-raised for at least two-thirds of their lives (for ruminants); and · never tethered or kept in crates (for pigs or veal calves).
Whole Foods Market is strongly committed to helping create alternatives to the factory farm methods of raising livestock. We have encouraged innovative animal production practices to improve the quality and safety of the meat and poultry sold in our stores, while also supporting humane living conditions for the animals. For this reason, we refuse to sell commercial veal from tethered calves, foie gras from force-fed ducks, and eggs from caged hens.
In December 2003, we started working through a consultative multi-stakeholder process to develop Animal Compassionate standards, farm animal treatment standards that go above and beyond our baseline requirements for the meat and poultry sold in our stores, focused on providing environments and conditions for each species that support the animals natural physical, emotional and behavioral well-being. In 2006, that work was then used as a basis for creating meat and poultry production standards categorized according to a framework for continuous improvement of animal welfare on farms and ranches and to provide our customers with a clear and transparent way to make informed buying decisions based solely on animal welfare considerations. In June 2007, we piloted a five-tiered meat and poultry labeling program at our Kensington store in London based on this framework. Further standards development and implementation of the 5-Step Animal Welfare Rating system was transitioned to the Global Animal Partnership foundation when it was founded in the spring of 2008. In early 2009, Whole Foods Market began implementing a pilot project for the Global Animal Partnership foundation to test the implementation of the 5-Step Animal Welfare Rating system, beginning with our stores in the South Region, before the foundation extends the program to other retailers.
Locally Grown
Our history and reputation are intimately linked to our support of local farmers. For more than 29 years, we have provided our customers with the broadest possible selection of the highest quality produce available. Our search for produce begins right
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outside our front door in every community where we do business. We are committed to buying from local producers whose products meet our high quality standards, particularly those who are dedicated to environmentally friendly, sustainable agriculture. We are greatly increasing our efforts in this regard by further empowering our individual store and regional buyers to seek out locally grown products. We value this natural diversity.
Whole Foods Market currently purchases produce from over 2,000 different farms through various suppliers. We believe we can and should do more to support local producers. To that end, we have established a budget of up to $10 million to promote local agriculture, especially animal agriculture, wherever we have stores through long-term loans currently ranging from $1,000 to $100,000 at low interest rates. We completed our first loan through the Local Producer Loan Program in February 2007 and so far have disbursed more than $2.7 million in loans to 45 local producers Company-wide. Loan recipients must use funds for expansion and not operating expenses, meet Whole Foods Markets quality standards, and have a viable business plan and adequate cash flow to service the debt. Eligible products include agricultural crops, value-added food products, and other all-natural grocery items.
Whole TradeTM Guarantee
In March 2007, we launched our Whole Trade Guarantee program, a buying initiative that expands our social responsibility to bring together a set of strict criteria for products sourced from developing countries. In a shrinking global marketplace, the Whole Trade program is a logical extension of our values that promote quality in everything we do, from products and business practices to caring for our team members, communities and the environment. The products in this program must meet specific criteria in four areas of responsibility. They must:
· meet our high quality standards; · provide more money to producers; · ensure better wages and working conditions for workers; and · care for the environment.
Products under the Whole Trade Guarantee meeting these criteria are purchased at a price that is equal to or greater than the internationally recognized fair trade price. For these products, Whole Foods Market donates 1% of sales to the Whole Planet Foundation to help end world poverty.
Our Whole Trade Guarantee label is currently featured on over 1,350 items, and sales of approximately $76 million in fiscal year 2009 generated approximately $762,000 for the Whole Planet Foundation. This was a 72% increase from fiscal year 2008, when sales of approximately $44 million generated approximately $442,000 for the Whole Planet Foundation.
Private Label
An extension of our leadership position in the natural and organic foods industry is our strong family of private label brands. These products extend the confidence and trust our customers have in our stores to their everyday lives. We have built upon this trust and over the last several years have significantly expanded our private label resources and offerings, which currently feature approximately 2,400 SKUs led by our primary brands, 365 Everyday Value and 365 Organic. These products are designed to cover the full spectrum of category needs: from the highest quality, value entry-point products to super premium, unique offerings that cater to true food aficionados. While some of our private label products yield greater margins than their comparable brand alternative, their primary purpose is to help differentiate our product selection and provide more value offerings to our customers.
In addition to these nationally-driven programs, we have a number of store-made and regionally-made fresh items sold under the Whole Foods Market label. We also offer specialty and organic coffee, tea and drinking chocolates through our Allegro Coffee Company subsidiary. In addition, we have developed a grouping of exclusive and control brand products to fill out our family of brands. Control brands are brands produced exclusively for Whole Foods Market and not available to other retailers (e.g., Columbia River Organics). Exclusive products are either co-branded with the national brand and Whole Foods Market brand or are a unique formulation or attribute only available at Whole Foods Market. These products help continue to differentiate Whole Foods Market selections across all aspects of our various product categories. We currently offer approximately 1,300 regional and other branded products, including Allegro Coffee products, in our stores.
Total private label sales across all categories accounted for approximately 11% of our retail sales in fiscal year 2009, up from 10% of our retail sales in fiscal year 2008. We believe our private label sales will grow to a higher percentage of our sales over time as we continue the development and growth of our product lines.
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Economic Value Added
We use Economic Value Added (EVA) as a basis for our business decisions and as a component in determining incentive compensation. In its simplest definition, EVA is equivalent to net operating profits after taxes minus a charge on the cost of invested capital necessary to generate those profits. We believe one of our core strengths is our decentralized culture, where many decisions are made at the store level, close to the customer. We believe this is one of our strongest competitive advantages and that EVA is the best financial framework that team members can use to help make decisions that create sustainable shareholder value.
We use EVA extensively for capital investment decisions, including evaluating new store real estate decisions and store remodeling proposals. We only invest in projects that we believe will add long-term value to the Company. The EVA decision-making model also enhances operating decisions in stores. Our emphasis is on EVA improvement, as we want to challenge our teams to continue to innovate and grow EVA in new ways. We believe that opportunities always exist to increase sales and margins, to lower operating expenses and to make investments that add value in ways that benefit all of our stakeholders. We believe that focusing on EVA improvement encourages continuous improvement of our business.
Approximately 1,000 leaders throughout the Company participate in our incentive compensation plans that incorporate EVA as a component. These plans cover our senior executive leadership, regional leadership and the store leadership team (store team leaders and assistant store team leaders) in all stores. A component of incentive compensation for each of these groups is determined based on relevant EVA measures at different levels, including the total Company level, the regional level, the store or facility level, and the team level. We believe using EVA in a multi-dimensional approach helps us to measure the results of decisions made at different levels of the Company. We expect EVA to remain a component of our compensation structure throughout the Company in the coming years.
Additional information about our EVA financial results is available on our corporate website at www.wholefoodsmarket.com but is not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K.
Growth Strategy
Whole Foods Markets growth strategy is to expand primarily through new store openings. We have a disciplined, opportunistic real estate strategy, opening stores in existing trade areas as well as new areas, including international locations. Our new stores typically are located on premium real estate sites and range in size between 35,000 and 50,000 square feet which we believe is appropriate in most circumstances to maximize return on invested capital and EVA, and we expect the majority of our stores to fall within that range going forward. We have also grown through acquisitions, with approximately 23% of our existing square footage coming from acquisitions. Because the food retailing industry is highly fragmented and comprised of many smaller local and regional chains, we may continue to pursue acquisitions of smaller chains that provide access to desirable areas, locations and experienced team members. Going forward, however, such acquisitions are not expected to significantly impact our future store growth or financial results due to the size of the Companys existing store base.
We have an ongoing relocation strategy and each year relocate some of our smaller stores to larger locations with improved visibility and parking. For the 22 stores relocated in fiscal years 2005 through 2009, the overall average increase in size was approximately 124%. Our historical store growth is summarized below:
(1) Defined as remodels with expansions of square footage greater than 20% completed during the fiscal year.
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As of November 4, 2009, we had signed leases for 53 stores scheduled to open through fiscal year 2013 totaling approximately 2.4 million square feet or an average of approximately 45,000 square feet per store. This includes eight relocations and seven new areas. Our historical growth in stores in development is summarized below:
We are focused on the right sized store for each location and, since announcing in the third quarter of 2007 our intent to decrease the size of several leases in development, we have downsized 14 leases by an average of 12,000 square feet each. We also have terminated 16 leases for stores in development totaling approximately 846,000 square feet, or an average of 53,000 square feet per store. In addition, we are building out a smaller footprint (averaging 15,000 square feet each) at seven locations, two of which opened in fiscal year 2009. We currently operate 12 stores in excess of 65,000 gross square feet and have an additional five stores of that size in development, two of which are relocations. While our larger-format stores are very powerful in dense urban areas and certain other limited circumstances, we recognize that smaller stores can produce great returns for us as well. Of our 53 stores in development, 12 are less than 35,000 square feet in size.
Tender dates provide some visibility on the timing of our new store openings. For accounting purposes, a property is considered tendered on the date we take possession of the leased space for construction and other purposes, which is typically when the shell of the store is complete or close to completion. As of November 4, 2009, 18 of our 53 stores in development had been tendered to us. These 18 stores totaled approximately 784,000 square feet.
The tender period, which we define as the length of time between a stores tender date and opening date, varies depending on several factors, some of which are outside of our control. These factors include the size of the store and complexity of site development, the impact of weather and unforeseen environmental issues, and issues surrounding construction labor unions and local government authorities, among other things. Furthermore, acquired leases, ground leases and owned properties generally have longer tender periods than standard operating leases because we take possession of these locations earlier in the construction process. For stores opened during the past two fiscal years, the average tender period was 10.9 months.
The following table provides information about the Companys store development activities:
Site Selection
Most of our stores are located in high-traffic shopping areas and are either freestanding or in a strip center. We also have a number of urban stores located in high-density, mixed-use projects. In selecting store locations, we use an internally developed model to analyze potential sites based on various criteria such as education levels, population density and income levels within certain drive times. We primarily seek to open stores that typically are located on premier real estate sites, often in urban, high-population locales. After we have selected a target site, our development group does a comprehensive site study and sales projection. Each project must meet an internal EVA hurdle return, which for new stores generally is expected to be cumulative positive EVA in five years or less.
The required cash investment for new stores varies depending on the size of the store, geographic location, degree of work performed by the landlord and complexity of site development issues. To a significant degree, it also depends on how the
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project is structured, including costs for elements that often increase or decrease rent, e.g., lease acquisition costs, shell and/or garage costs, and landlord allowances. For stores opened during the past two fiscal years, the average size was 53,200 square feet, and our new store investment averaged approximately $16.3 million excluding pre-opening and relocation expenses, which averaged approximately $2.7 million per store.
Store Operations
Team Approach to Store Operations
We strive to promote a strong Company culture featuring a team approach to store operations that we believe is distinctly more empowering of team members than that of the traditional supermarket. Our domestic Whole Foods Market stores each employ between 25 and 620 team members who comprise up to 13 self-managed teams per store, each led by a team leader. Each team within a store is responsible for a different product offering or aspect of store operations such as prepared foods, grocery, or customer service, among others. We also promote a decentralized team approach to store operations in which many decisions are made by teams at the individual store level. In this structure, an effective store team leader is critical to the success of the store. The store team leader works closely with one or more assistant store team leaders, as well as with all of the department team leaders, to operate the store as efficiently and profitably as possible. Each year, our team members are asked to complete a confidential, third party-administered team leader survey, which provides them with an opportunity to give their leaders constructive feedback.
We believe our success is dependent on the collective energy and intelligence of all of our team members. We strive to create a work environment where motivated team members can flourish and reach their highest potential, and where they are inspired by work that provides them with a greater sense of purpose and mission. For many team members, their job is an extension of their personal philosophy and lifestyle. Together, we go to great lengths to satisfy and delight our customers. Voluntary turnover of full-time team members improved from 23% in fiscal year 2008 to 12% in fiscal year 2009, which we believe is very low for the food retailing industry and allows us to better serve our customers.
Team members are involved at all levels of our business. We strive to create a Company-wide consciousness of shared fate by uniting the interests of team members as closely as possible with the interests of our shareholders. One way we reinforce this concept is through Gainsharing. Our Gainsharing program rewards things such as labor productivity that team members can control, giving them a direct stake in the success of our business.
We also encourage stock ownership among team members through the following programs:
· Team Member Stock Option Plan. All full-time and part-time team members are eligible to receive a grant of stock options each year. The annual grant has two components: (i) Annual Leadership Grants to recognize and incentivize team member performance; and (ii) Service Hour Grants to recognize team member service to the Company. In 2009 our Board of Directors awarded approximately 2.6 million options to more than 18,800 team members. Of these stock options, 92% were granted to non-executives, with 45% awarded as Service Hour Grants alone.
· Team Member Stock Purchase Plan. Through biweekly payroll deductions, all U.S.-based non-seasonal team members with at least 400 service hours may elect to purchase unrestricted shares of our stock at 95% of market value on the purchase date. The shares are purchased for the plan participants on a quarterly basis.
· Team Member 401(k) Plan. Whole Foods Market stock is an investment option within the Companys 401(k) plan.
Store Description
We do not have a standard store design model. Instead, each stores design is customized to fit the size and configuration of the particular location and community in which it is located. Our culture and philosophy is one of continual innovation and experimentation, and successful experiments are voluntarily picked up and improved upon by our stores. We strive to transform food shopping from a chore into a dynamic experience by building and operating stores with colorful décor, well-trained team members, exciting product mixes, teams of in-store chefs, ever-changing selections, samples, open kitchens, scratch bakeries, hand-stacked produce, prepared foods stations and European-style charcuterie departments. To further a sense of community and interaction with customers, our stores typically include sit-down eating areas, customer comment boards and customer service booths. We have Take Action centers for our customers who want to be informed on important issues related to the environment, legislation, food safety and product quality that can directly affect our customers health and well-being. In addition, some stores offer special services such as massage, valet parking, personal shopping and home delivery. We believe our stores play a unique role as a third place, besides the home and office, where people can gather, interact and learn while at the same time discovering the many joys of eating and sharing food.
Purchasing and Distribution
Our buyers purchase products for retail sale from local, regional, national and international wholesale suppliers and vendors. The majority of our purchasing, particularly in the center store, occurs at the regional and national levels. This enables us to negotiate better volume discounts with major vendors and distributors, while allowing our regional and store buyers to focus
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on local products and the unique product mix necessary to keep a neighborhood market feel in our stores. We are increasingly focusing more of our purchasing on producer-direct and manufacture-direct programs, and we remain committed to buying from local producers that meet our high quality standards.
We own two produce procurement centers which facilitate the procurement and distribution of the majority of the produce we sell. We also operate four seafood-processing and distribution facilities, a specialty coffee and tea procurement and brewing operation, and 10 regional distribution centers, which distribute a full range of products to our stores across the U.S., Canada and the United Kingdom. In addition, we have five regional commissary kitchens and eight bakehouse facilities, all of which distribute products to our stores. Other products are typically procured through a combination of specialty wholesalers and direct distributors.
United Natural Foods, Inc. is our single largest third-party supplier, accounting for approximately 28% of our total purchases in fiscal year 2009 compared to 32% of our total purchases in fiscal year 2008. In November 2006, we extended our long-term relationship with United Natural Foods as our primary supplier of dry grocery and frozen food products. Our seven-year agreement allows us to concentrate our capital and resources on executing on our new store development pipeline and to focus our internal distribution efforts around key perishable departments.
Marketing
We spend much less on advertising and marketing than other supermarkets approximately 0.4% of our total sales in fiscal year 2009. Instead, we rely on word-of-mouth recommendations and testimonials from our shoppers, and we allocate our marketing budgets among national and regional programs and our individual stores. We also connect and engage with our customers through social media websites, in addition to our own corporate website and blog at www.wholefoodsmarket.com. Our stores spend most of their marketing budgets on in-store marketing-related activities, including promotional signage and events such as local farmers markets, taste fairs, classes, tours and product samplings. We also dedicate resources to our The Whole Deal in-store value guide and e-newsletter. Our marketing support mirrors our business model, as well as our commitment to the community and environment. Each store retains a separate budget for making contributions to a variety of philanthropic and community activities, fostering goodwill and developing a high profile with the community. Contributions (including in-kind contributions of food) to not-for-profit organizations amount to at least 5% of our after-tax profits annually.
Internet Presence
Our corporate website at www.wholefoodsmarket.com averages over 50,000 visitors each day and provides detailed information about our Company, history, product offerings and store locations, with hundreds of recipes and a library of information about environmental, legislative, health, food safety and product quality issues. In addition, access to the Companys SEC filings, including annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, Section 16 filings, and all amendments to those reports, are available through our website free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after these reports are filed electronically with the SEC. As with our stores, the focus of our website is customer service. We believe our website provides us with an opportunity to further our relationships with customers, suppliers and investors, to educate them on a variety of issues, and to improve our service levels.
On our website, customers can create a personalized profile that keeps track of their favorite parts of the site and a home store; rate and review recipes; share value shopping tips; contribute to forums and interact with other Whole Foods Market stakeholders; and check out the Whole Story blog at http://blog.wholefoodsmarket.com, which is regularly updated for all of the new and exciting things going on at the Company and our stores. Our Internet community for stakeholders also includes sites like Facebook and Twitter. As of November 20, 2009, we had over 150,000 fans on Facebook and over 1.5 million followers on Twitter, which we believe is the highest of any retailer. Many of our stores have set up their own Facebook and Twitter accounts. These sites provide us with a powerful new way to communicate with our customers, giving us insight at both a local and global level as to how we are viewed and what our customers want and expect from us.
We have included our website and blog addresses only as an inactive textual reference. The information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Report on Form 10-K.
Customer Service
Customers are our most important stakeholder, because without our customers, we would have no business. We genuinely care about the well-being of our customers and empower our team members to do whatever it takes to meet or exceed their expectations on every shopping trip. By doing so, we turn our customers into advocates for our business who do more than shop with us; they recommend Whole Foods Market to their friends and others. We want to serve our customers competently, efficiently, and knowledgeably. We believe that we generate greater appreciation and loyalty from our customers by educating them about natural and organic foods, health, nutrition and the environment through our in-store Take Action centers, The Whole Deal in-store value guide, Value Tours, as well as on our corporate website and social networking sites. In June 2009,
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Whole Foods Market ranked #7 on MSN Moneys third annual Customer Service Hall of Fame list, a survey of 145 companies based on consumers customer service experience.
Competition
Food retailing is a large, intensely competitive industry. Our competition varies across the company and includes but is not limited to local, regional, national and international conventional and specialty supermarkets, natural foods stores, warehouse membership clubs, smaller specialty stores, farmers markets, and restaurants, each of which competes with us on the basis of product selection, quality, customer service, price or a combination of these factors. We believe our commitment to natural and organic products, high quality standards; our emphasis on perishable product sales; our focus on customer service; and our competitive prices on comparable products differentiate us in this marketplace. We also believe our strongest competitive advantage is our culture and empowered team members.
While growth has slowed from historical levels, natural and organic food is still one of the fastest growing segments of food retailing today. Most supermarkets offer at least a limited selection of these products, while some have chosen to expand their selection more aggressively. We believe it works to our benefit for other supermarkets to offer natural and organic products for two reasons: first, it helps fulfill our Company mission to improve the health, well-being and healing of both people and the planet, and second, it helps create new customers for us by creating a gateway experience. As more people are exposed to the benefits of natural and organic products, we believe they are more likely to become Whole Foods Market customers since we are a category leader for natural and organic products, offering one of the largest selections and most informed customer service at competitive prices.
Competition makes us a better retailer. We are constantly evolving, innovating and maturing, and we have a long track record of responding to competition and improving from it. We believe we are better positioned from a value and price perspective today than we ever have been. Our buy-side initiatives are continuing to deliver opportunities that will allow us to be more price competitive, and we are leveraging our global buying power to the benefit of our customers. On the sell side, we remain focused on innovation that redefines the marketplace and further differentiates our stores, products, and customer experience from the competition.
The Whole Deal
Whole Foods Market has always provided customers with a great value on the products we offer: high-quality perishables and products from sources consumers trust, thanks to our rigorous Quality Standards and focus on natural and organic foods. Our national The Whole Deal campaign launched in fiscal year 2008 emphasizes the value side of our story even more. The Whole Deal is about giving customers the whole story to help them stretch their grocery and household dollars further without sacrificing the benefits of natural and organic foods. The program includes The Whole Deal in-store value guide available in our stores, which contains coupons, budget-conscious recipes, money saving tips and more; in-store Value Tours led by our Value Gurus to help shoppers find the best deals in every department; and Sure Deal specials, which are special deals on high-quality products our customers want, not discounts on overstocked or discontinued items.
While on a local level we watch our pricing against our major competitors in every market, we also benchmark our pricing versus key national and strong regional competitors in 11 metro areas on a comprehensive market basket representing perishable, branded and exclusive items across the store. By investing intelligently in pricing on the key items that our customers demand most, we believe our value efforts continue to gain traction. Customer demand for our The Whole Deal in-store value guide has grown from an initial 800,000 copies quarterly to 1.3 million copies bimonthly. In addition, we have nearly 500,000 The Whole Deal e-newsletter subscribers.
Team Members
As of September 27, 2009, we had approximately 52,500 team members, including approximately 43,000 full-time, 7,500 part-time and 2,000 temporary team members.
One of our core values is supporting team member happiness and excellence, and we believe our innovative and egalitarian work environment with team members involved at all levels of our business is a major reason for our success. We believe happy team members create happy customers, and happy customers create happy investors. Team members who have a voice in shaping the direction of our Company and their future are empowered to make Whole Foods Market not only a great place to shop but a great place to build a career. All of our full-time and part-time team members are eligible to receive stock options through annual leadership grants or through service hour grants once they have accumulated 6,000 service hours (approximately three years of employment). Approximately 94% of the stock options granted under the Companys stock option plan since its inception in 1992 have been granted to team members who are not executive officers.
Our salary and benefits programs reflect our philosophy of egalitarianism. The primary objective is to attract and retain qualified, energetic team members who are enthusiastic about our Company mission and culture. A further objective is to
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provide incentives and to reward each of our team members for their contribution to the Company. Finally, we endeavor to ensure that our salary and benefits programs are perceived as fundamentally fair to all stakeholders. Our books are open to our team members, including our annual individual compensation report. Our benefits programs, including those for our executive officers, are based on years of service, not on title or position. We also have a salary cap that limits the total cash compensation paid to any team member in a calendar year to 19 times the average annual wage of all team members. In addition, our chief executive officer, John Mackey, has voluntarily set his annual salary at $1 and receives no cash bonuses or stock option awards.
Team members are encouraged to take an active role in choosing the benefits made available by the Company by participating in a Company-wide benefits vote every three years. The Companys third vote was held in fiscal year 2009 to determine the benefits program that will be in place from 2010 through 2012. Approximately 84% of eligible team members voted in this important process, resulting in a benefits package that reflects the needs and desires of the majority of team members in the Company. One outcome of the vote is that Whole Foods Market provides healthcare at no cost to eligible full-time team members. Eligible full-time team members are those who work 30 or more hours per week and have worked a minimum of 10,000 service hours. Those who have worked a minimum of 800 service hours pay a medical premium of $10 per biweekly period. Dependent healthcare premiums are generally shared based on a team members tenure with the Company; the team members share decreases as his/her tenure increases, with dependent premiums 100% Company-paid at 10,000 service hours. In addition, the Company provides Personal Wellness Accounts (PWA) of up to $1,800 per year, based on years of service, to help cover the cost of deductibles and other allowable out-of-pocket health care expenses not covered by insurance. Unused funds roll forward at the end of the year, enabling a team members balance to accumulate over time.
For the past 12 years, our team members have helped Whole Foods Market become one of FORTUNE magazines 100 Best Companies to Work for in America. In scoring companies, Fortune places the greatest weight (two-thirds of the total) on responses to a random survey of 400 employees, with the remainder being Fortunes evaluation of each companys credibility, respect, fairness and pride/camaraderie. Ranking number 22 in 2009, we are one of only 13 companies to make the 100 Best list for 12 consecutive years since its inception.
Government and Public Affairs
Our stores are subject to various local, state, federal and international laws, regulations and administrative practices affecting our business. We must comply with provisions regulating health and sanitation standards, food labeling, equal employment, minimum wages, licensing for the sale of food, and in many stores, licensing for beer and wine or other alcoholic beverages.
The manufacturing, processing, formulating, packaging, labeling and advertising of products are subject to regulation by various federal agencies including the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), the USDA and the EPA. The composition and labeling of nutritional supplements are most actively regulated by the FDA under the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDC Act). The FFDC Act has been revised in recent years with respect to dietary supplements by the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act and by the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act. We believe we are in compliance with all product labeling requirements material to the Company.
Trademarks
Trademarks owned by the Company or its subsidiaries include, but are not limited to: Whole Foods Market, 365 Everyday Value, 365 Organic Everyday Value, AFA, Allegro Coffee Company, Wild Oats, Wild Oats Marketplace, Capers Community Market, Bread & Circus, Fresh & Wild, Fresh Fields, Green Mission, Harrys Farmers Market, Ideal Market, Merchant of Vino, Mrs. Goochs, Vine Buys, Wellspring, Whole Baby, The Whole Deal, Whole Foods, Whole People, Whole Planet, Whole Kids Organic, and Whole Trade. The Company or its subsidiaries also holds registrations or applications, and maintains common law trademark rights for stylized logos and brand names for products created by Allegro Coffee Company and many of its private label products.
Executive Officers of the Registrant
The following table sets forth the name, age, tenure with the Company in years, and position of each of the persons who was serving as an executive officer of the Company as of November 20, 2009:
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John Mackey, co-founder of the Company, has served as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer since 1980.
A.C. Gallo has served as Co-President of the Company since September 2004 and as Co-Chief Operating Officer since December 2003. Mr. Gallo has held various positions with the Company and with Bread & Circus, Inc., which was acquired by the Company in October 1992, including Vice President and President of the North Atlantic Region, and Executive Vice President of Operations.
Walter Robb has served as Co-President of the Company since September 2004 and as Co-Chief Operating Officer since December 2003. Since joining the Company in 1991, Mr. Robb has also served as Store Team Leader, President of the Northern Pacific Region, and Executive Vice President of Operations.
Glenda Chamberlain has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company since December 1988.
James P. Sud has served as Executive Vice President of Growth and Business Development since February 2001. Mr. Sud joined the Company in May 1997 and served as Vice President and Chief Operating Officer until February 2001. Mr. Sud served as a director of the Company from 1980 to 1997.
We wish to caution you that there are risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to be materially different from those indicated by forward-looking statements that we make from time to time in filings with the SEC, news releases, reports, proxy statements, registration statements and other written communications, as well as oral forward-looking statements made from time to time by representatives of the Company. These risks and uncertainties include the risk factors described below. The cautionary statements below discuss important factors that could cause our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows to be materially adversely affected. The Company does not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements.
Economic Conditions that Impact Consumer Spending Could Materially Impact Our Business
The global economic crisis adversely impacted our business and financial results in fiscal year 2009 and the ongoing economic uncertainty continues to negatively affect consumer confidence and discretionary spending. Our results of operations may be materially impacted by changes in overall economic conditions that impact consumer confidence and spending, including discretionary spending. There can be no assurance that various governmental activities to stabilize the markets and stimulate the economy will restore consumer confidence or change spending habits. Future economic conditions affecting disposable consumer income such as employment levels, business conditions, changes in housing market conditions, the availability of credit, interest rates, tax rates, fuel and energy costs, the impact of natural disasters or acts of terrorism, and other matters could reduce consumer spending or cause consumers to shift their spending to lower-priced competitors.
Our Growth Depends on New Store Openings
Our continued growth depends to some degree on our ability to open new stores in existing and new areas and to operate those stores successfully. Successful implementation of this strategy is dependent on finding suitable locations, and we face intense competition from other retailers for such sites. There can be no assurance that we will continue to grow through new store openings. We may not be able to timely open new stores or operate them successfully. Also, we may not be able to successfully hire and train new team members or integrate those team members into the programs and policies of the Company. We may not be able to adapt our distribution, management information and other operating systems to adequately supply products to new stores at competitive prices so that we can operate the stores in a successful and profitable manner.
New Stores May Negatively Impact Our Results
There can be no assurance that our new store openings will be successful or result in greater sales and profitability for the Company. New stores build their sales volumes and refine their merchandise selection over time and, as a result, generally have lower gross margins and higher operating expenses as a percentage of sales than our more mature stores. There may be a negative impact on our results from a lower contribution of new stores, along with the impact of related pre-opening and relocation costs.
Increased Competition May Have an Adverse Effect on Profitability
Our competitors include but are not limited to local, regional, national and international supermarkets, natural food stores, warehouse membership clubs, small specialty stores and restaurants. Their businesses compete with us for products, customers and locations. In addition, some are expanding more aggressively in marketing a range of natural and organic foods. Some of these potential competitors may have been in business longer or may have greater financial or marketing resources than we do and may be able to devote greater resources to sourcing, promoting and selling their products. As
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competition in certain areas intensifies, our results of operations may be negatively impacted through a loss of sales, reduction in margin from competitive price changes, and/or greater operating costs such as marketing.
We May Experience Significant Fluctuations in Our Identical Store Sales
Our results of operations may be materially impacted by fluctuations in our identical store sales. Our identical store sales could fluctuate or be lower than our historical average for many reasons including new and acquired stores entering into the identical store base, the opening of new stores that cannibalize store sales in existing areas, general economic conditions, increased competition, price changes in response to competitive factors, possible supply shortages, and cycling against any year of above-average sales results.
We May Experience Significant Fluctuations in Our Quarterly Operating Results
Our quarterly operating results could fluctuate for many reasons, including losses from new stores, variations in the mix of product sales, price changes in response to competitive factors and a potential lack of customer acceptance, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, increases in store operating costs, including commodity costs, that are either wholly or partially beyond our control, possible supply shortages, general economic conditions, health care costs, legal costs, insurance costs, extreme weather-related disruptions, including hurricanes and earthquakes, and potential uninsured casualty losses or other losses. In addition, our quarterly operating results and quarter-to-quarter comparisons have been and may be impacted by the timing of new store openings, construction and pre-opening expenses, the timing of acquisitions, store closures and relocations, seasonality, and the range of operating results generated from newly opened stores. Quarter-to-quarter comparisons of results of operations have been and may be materially impacted by the timing of new store openings.
Our Stock Price Is Volatile
From September 29, 2008 to September 27, 2009, the quoted market price per share of our common stock ranged from $7.04 to $30.13. The market price of our common stock could be subject to significant fluctuation in response to various market factors and events. These market factors and events include variations in our sales and earnings results and any failure to meet market expectations; changes in ratings and earnings estimates by securities analysts; publicity regarding us, our competitors, or the natural products industry generally; new statutes or regulations or changes in the interpretation of existing statutes or regulations affecting the natural products industry specifically; and sales of substantial amounts of common stock in the public market or the perception that such sales could occur and other factors. In addition, the stock market in recent years has experienced broad price and volume fluctuations that often have been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations also may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Our cash flow from the exercise of team member stock options may be adversely affected in the future by fluctuations in the market price of our common stock.
We May Be Subject to Product Liability Claims and Reduced Brand Value if People Are Harmed By the Products We Sell
There is increasing governmental scrutiny of and public awareness regarding food safety. We believe that many customers choose to shop our stores because of their interest in health, nutrition and food safety. We believe that our customers hold us to a higher food safety standard than other supermarkets. Even isolated business incidents can erode consumer trust, particularly if the incidents receive considerable publicity or result in litigation, which can significantly reduce brand value. The real or perceived sale of contaminated food products by us could result in product liability claims, the settlement or outcome of which might have a material adverse effect on our sales and operations.
Changes in the Availability of Quality Natural and Organic Products Could Impact Our Business
There is no assurance that quality natural and organic products will be available to meet our future needs. If other supermarkets significantly increase their natural and organic product offerings or if new laws require the reformulation of certain products to meet tougher standards, the supply of these products may be constrained. Any significant disruption in the supply of quality natural and organic products could have a material impact on our overall sales and cost of goods sold.
Future Economic Factors Could Cause Impairment of Goodwill
Our total assets included goodwill totaling approximately $658.3 million at September 27, 2009. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually at the beginning of the fourth fiscal quarter or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. We allocate goodwill to one reporting unit for goodwill impairment testing. Our impairment reviews require extensive use of accounting judgment and financial estimates. Application of alternative assumptions and definitions, such as reviewing goodwill for impairment at a different organization level, could produce significantly different results. We may be required to recognize impairments of goodwill based on future economic factors such as unfavorable changes in the Companys stock price and market capitalization, unfavorable changes in valuations of comparable companies, or unfavorable changes in estimated future discounted cash flows of the Companys reporting unit. Impairment of goodwill could result in material charges that would adversely affect our results of operations and capitalization.
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Future Events Could Result in Impairment of Our Long-Lived Assets
Our total assets included long-lived assets totaling approximately $1.9 billion at September 27, 2009. Long-lived assets are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Our impairment evaluations require use of financial estimates of future cash flows. Application of alternative assumptions could produce significantly different results. We may be required to recognize impairments of long-lived assets based on future economic factors such as unfavorable changes in estimated future undiscounted cash flows of an asset group. Long-lived asset impairments could result in material charges that would adversely affect our results of operations and capitalization.
We Have Significant Indebtedness
We have significant debt and may incur additional debt in the future. A significant portion of our future cash flow from operating activities may be dedicated to the payment of interest and the repayment of principal on our indebtedness. We may not be able to refinance our debt in the future on terms acceptable to us, or at all. Our indebtedness could limit our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions or other purposes in the future. There is no guarantee that we will be able to meet our debt service obligations. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow to meet our debt service obligations, we may be required to take measures such as seeking additional financing in the debt or equity markets, refinancing or restructuring all of a portion of our indebtedness, selling selected assets or reducing or delaying planned capital or operating expenditures. If we fail to comply with our debt covenants we will be in default, in which case there can be no assurance that we would be able to cure the default, receive waivers from our lenders, amend the loan agreements or refinance the debt.
We Have Significant Lease Obligations
The majority of our stores, distribution centers, bakehouses and administrative facilities are leased, with expiration dates ranging from one to 35 years. We are subject to risks associated with our current and future real estate leases. Our costs could increase because of changes in the real estate markets and supply or demand for real estate sites. We generally cannot cancel our leases, so if we decide to close a location, we may nonetheless be committed to perform our obligations under the applicable lease including paying the base rent for the remaining lease term. As each lease expires, we may fail to negotiate renewals, either on commercially acceptable terms or at all. As of September 27, 2009, we had 29 leased properties that are not being utilized in current operations with expiration dates ranging from three to 15 years
Self-Insurance Plan Claims Could Materially Impact Our Results
The Company uses a combination of insurance and self-insurance plans to provide for the potential liabilities for workers compensation, general liability, property insurance, director and officers liability insurance, vehicle liability and team member health care benefits. Liabilities associated with the risks that are retained by the Company are estimated, in part, by considering historical claims experience, demographic factors, severity factors and other actuarial assumptions. Our results could be materially impacted by claims and other expenses related to such plans if future occurrences and claims differ from these assumptions and historical trends.
Perishable Foods Product Losses Could Materially Impact Our Results
We believe our stores more heavily emphasize perishable products than other supermarket stores. Perishable products accounted for approximately 66% of total sales at Whole Foods Market locations in fiscal year 2009. The Companys emphasis on perishable products may result in significant product inventory losses in the event of extended power outages, natural disasters or other catastrophic occurrences.
Legal Proceedings Could Materially Impact Our Results
From time to time, we are party to legal proceedings, including matters involving personnel and employment issues, personal injury, intellectual property, acquisitions, and other proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Our results could be materially impacted by the decisions and expenses related to pending or future proceedings.
The Loss of Key Management Could Negatively Affect Our Business
We are dependent upon a number of key management and other team members. If we were to lose the services of a significant number of key team members within a short period of time, this could have a material adverse effect on our operations. We do not maintain key person insurance on any team member. Our continued success also is dependent upon our ability to attract and retain qualified team members to meet our future growth needs. We face intense competition for qualified team members, many of whom are subject to offers from competing employers. We may not be able to attract and retain necessary team members to operate our business.
A Widespread Health Epidemic Could Materially Impact Our Business
The Companys business could be severely impacted by a widespread regional, national or global health epidemic. Our stores are a place where customers come together, interact and learn while at the same time discovering the many joys of eating and
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sharing food. A widespread health epidemic may cause customers to avoid public gathering places or otherwise change their shopping behaviors. Additionally, a widespread health epidemic could also adversely impact our business by disrupting production and delivery of products to our stores and by impacting our ability to appropriately staff our stores.
Unions May Attempt to Organize Our Team Members
From time to time, unions have attempted to organize all or part of our team member base at certain stores and non-retail facilities. Responding to such organization attempts is distracting to management and team members and may have a negative financial impact on a store, facility or the Company as a whole.
Unfavorable Changes in Government Regulation Could Harm Our Business
The Company is subject to various international, federal, state and local laws, regulations and administrative practices affecting our business, and we must comply with provisions regulating health and sanitation standards, food labeling, equal employment, minimum wages, and licensing for the sale of food and, in some stores, alcoholic beverages. Our new store openings could be delayed or prevented or our existing stores could be impacted by difficulties or failures in our ability to obtain or maintain required approvals or licenses. Changes in existing laws or implementation of new laws, regulations and practices (e.g., health care reform and/or card check legislation) could have a significant impact on our business.
The USDAs Organic Rule facilitates interstate commerce and the marketing of organically produced food and provides assurance to our customers that such products meet consistent, uniform standards. Compliance with this rule could pose a significant burden on some of our suppliers, which may cause a disruption in some of our product offerings.
We cannot predict the nature of future laws, regulations, interpretations or applications, or determine what effect either additional government regulations or administrative orders, when and if promulgated, or disparate federal, state and local regulatory schemes would have on our business in the future. They could, however, require the reformulation of certain products to meet new standards, the recall or discontinuance of certain products not able to be reformulated, additional record keeping, expanded documentation of the properties of certain products, expanded or different labeling and/or scientific substantiation. Any or all of such requirements could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
Our Results Are Subject to the Risks of Doing Business in Other Countries
Though small as a percentage of our total sales, the Companys international operations are subject to certain risks of conducting business abroad, including fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, changes in regulatory requirements, and changes or uncertainties in the economic, social and political conditions in the Companys geographic areas, among other things.
We May Not Be Able to Adequately Protect Our Intellectual Property Rights
We rely on a combination of trademark, trade secret and copyright law and internal procedures and nondisclosure agreements to protect our intellectual property. There can be no assurance that our intellectual property rights can be successfully asserted in the future or will not be invalidated, circumvented or challenged. In addition, the laws of certain foreign countries in which our products may be produced or sold do not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Failure to protect our proprietary information could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Changes in Accounting Standards Could Materially Impact Our Results
Generally accepted accounting principles and related accounting pronouncements, implementation guidelines, and interpretations for many aspects of our business, such as accounting for insurance and self-insurance, inventories, goodwill and intangible assets, derivatives, store closures, leases, income taxes and share-based payments, are highly complex and involve subjective judgments. Changes in these rules or their interpretation could significantly change or add significant volatility to our reported earnings without a comparable underlying change in cash flow from operations.
Effective Tax Rate Changes and Results of Examinations by Taxing Authorities Could Materially Impact Our Results
Our future effective tax rates could be adversely affected by the earnings mix being lower than historical results in states or countries where we have lower statutory rates and higher than historical results in states or countries where we have higher statutory rates, by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, or by changes in tax laws or interpretations thereof. In addition, we are subject to periodic audits and examinations by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and other state and local taxing authorities. Our results could be materially impacted by the determinations and expenses related to these and other proceedings by the IRS and other state and local taxing authorities.
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Disruptions in Our Information Systems Could Harm Our Ability to Run Our Business
We rely extensively on information systems for point-of-sale processing in our stores, supply chain, financial reporting, human resources and various other processes and transactions. Our information systems are subject to damage or interruption from power outages, computer and telecommunications failures, computer viruses, security breaches, including breaches of our transaction processing or other systems that could result in the compromise of confidential customer data, catastrophic events, and usage errors by our team members. If our systems are breached, damaged or cease to function properly, we may have to make significant investments to fix or replace them, suffer interruptions in our operations, face costly litigation, and our reputation with our customers may be harmed. Any material interruption in our computer operations may have a material adverse effect on our business or results of operations.
Failure of Our Internal Control over Financial Reporting Could Materially Impact Our Business and Results
The Companys management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. An internal control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all internal control systems, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Any failure to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting could limit our ability to report our financial results accurately and timely or to detect and prevent fraud, and could expose us to litigation or adversely affect the market price of our common stock. The Companys management concluded that its internal control over financial reporting was effective as of September 27, 2009. See Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
Not applicable.
As of September 27, 2009, we operated 284 stores: 273 stores in 38 U.S. states and the District of Columbia; six stores in Canada; and five stores in the United Kingdom. This includes 53 stores acquired from Wild Oats Markets, Inc. on August 28, 2007: 51 stores in 20 U.S. states and two stores in Canada. We own 11 stores, three distribution facilities and land for one store in development, including the adjacent property. We also own a building on leased land, which is leased to third parties, and have three stores in development on leased land. All other stores, distribution centers, bakehouses and administrative facilities are leased, with expiration dates ranging from one to 35 years. We have options to renew most of our leases in five-year increments with renewal periods ranging from five to 50 years. In addition, as of September 27, 2009, we had 29 leased properties that are not being utilized in current operations, of which 21 are related to Wild Oats, with expiration dates ranging from three to 15 years. We are actively negotiating to sublease or terminate leases related to these locations.
The following table shows the number of our stores by state, the District of Columbia, Canada and the United Kingdom as of September 27, 2009:
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From time to time we are a party to legal proceedings including matters involving personnel and employment issues, personal injury, intellectual property and other proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business which have not resulted in any material losses to date. Although management does not expect that the outcome in these proceedings will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations, litigation is inherently unpredictable. Therefore, we could incur judgments or enter into settlements of claims that could materially impact our results.
The FTC had challenged the Companys August 28, 2007 acquisition of Wild Oats Markets, Inc. Prior to completion of the Wild Oats acquisition, the FTC had filed a motion in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia seeking a preliminary injunction to enjoin the acquisition. The FTC had also filed a complaint commencing an administrative proceeding challenging the acquisition.
On August 16, 2007, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia denied the FTCs motion for a preliminary injunction. The FTC appealed denial of the preliminary injunction motion to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and on July 29, 2008 the Court of Appeals reversed the District Court and remanded the case to the District Court for further proceedings. On remand, the FTC renewed its motion for preliminary injunctive relief pending resolution of the administrative action, specifically seeking a hold separate order, the rebranding of all former Wild Oats stores, and the appointment of a trustee or special master to establish an independent management team for the former Wild Oats assets and oversee Whole Foods Markets compliance with the order. The administrative proceeding was scheduled to commence on April 6, 2009. On January 28, 2009, the FTC issued an order granting the Companys motion to withdraw the administrative case from adjudication for the purpose of considering a proposed consent agreement that would resolve the administrative proceeding. A further order dated February 4, 2009 extended the withdrawal through March 6, 2009.
On March 6, 2009, the Company reached a settlement agreement with the FTC. Pursuant to FTC protocol, the settlement agreement was placed on public record for a 30-day comment period which ended April 6, 2009. The Company received final approval of the settlement agreement by the FTC Commissioners on June 1, 2009. Under the terms of the agreement, a third-party divestiture trustee was appointed to market for sale until September 8, 2009: leases and related assets for 19 non-operating former Wild Oats stores; leases and related fixed assets (excluding inventory) for 12 operating acquired Wild Oats stores and one operating Whole Foods Market store; and Wild Oats trademarks and other intellectual property associated with the Wild Oats stores.
Pursuant to the settlement agreement, the divestiture period has been extended by the FTC until March 8, 2010 to allow for good faith offers that have not been finalized for six operating and two non-operating former Wild Oats stores as well as Wild Oats trademarks and other intellectual property associated with the Wild Oats stores. The divestiture period for those eight stores may be extended further only to allow the FTC to approve any previously submitted purchase agreements. The seven remaining operating stores may be retained by the Company without further obligation to attempt to divest.
Pursuant to the FTCs approval of the final consent order, the Company has recorded adjustments totaling approximately $4.8 million to measure long-lived assets and certain lease liabilities related to certain of the operating stores for which sale and transfer of the assets was determined to be probable or more likely than not at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. The total fair value associated with these locations at September 27, 2009 was approximately $0.1 million. The Company has determined that these locations do not meet the conditions for reporting their results in discontinued operations. Cash expenses relating to legal and trustee fees are not expected to be material. No additional material charges are expected related to the potential sale of the six operating stores, the two non-operating properties for which a lease liability reserve is already recorded, or the trademarks which have been fully amortized.
On October 27, 2008, Whole Foods Market was served with the complaint in Kottaras v. Whole Foods Market, Inc., a putative class action filed in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, seeking treble damages, equitable, injunctive, and declaratory relief and alleging that the acquisition and merger between Whole Foods Market and Wild Oats violates various provisions of the federal antitrust laws. This case is in the preliminary stages. Whole Foods Market cannot at this time predict the likely outcome of this judicial proceeding or estimate the amount or range of loss or possible loss that may arise from it. The Company has not accrued any loss related to the outcome of this case as of September 27, 2009.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
Not applicable.
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Item 5. Market for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Whole Foods Markets common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol WFMI.
The Company was added to Standard & Poors S&P 500 index in December 2005.
The following sets forth the intra-day quarterly high and low sale prices of the Companys common stock for fiscal years 2009 and 2008:
As of November 20, 2009, there were 1,607 holders of record of Whole Foods Markets common stock, and the closing stock price was $26.36.
Dividends per Common Share
On August 5, 2008, the Company announced that its Board of Directors suspended the Companys quarterly cash dividend to common shareholders for the foreseeable future. Following is a summary of dividends declared per common share during fiscal year 2008 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Treasury Stock
During the first quarter of fiscal year 2008, the Company retired all shares held in treasury, totaling approximately $200 million. The Companys remaining authorization under the stock repurchase program at September 27, 2009 was approximately $200 million through November 8, 2009. On November 8, 2009, the Companys stock repurchase program expired and was not renewed.
Redeemable Preferred Stock
On December 2, 2008, the Company issued 425,000 shares of Series A 8% Redeemable, Convertible Exchangeable Participating Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share (Series A Preferred Stock) to affiliates of Leonard Green & Partners, L.P., for approximately $413.1 million, net of approximately $11.9 million in closing and issuance costs. Subsequent to the end of fiscal year 2009, on October 23, 2009 the Company announced its intention to call all 425,000 outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred Stock for redemption in accordance with the terms governing such Series A Preferred Stock. Subject to conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock by its holders, the Company planned to redeem such Series A Preferred Stock on November 27, 2009 at a price per share equal to $1,000 plus accrued and unpaid dividends. In accordance with the terms governing the Series A Preferred Stock, at any time prior to the redemption date, the Series A Preferred Stock could be converted by the holders thereof. On November 26, 2009 the holders of the Companys Series A Preferred Stock converted all outstanding shares into approximately 29.7 million shares of Company common stock, bringing the total number of common shares outstanding to approximately 170.3 million shares. The shares of common stock will be issued using a transaction exempt from registration pursuant to Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. During fiscal year 2009, the Company paid cash dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock totaling approximately $19.8 million.
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The following table summarizes information about the Companys equity compensation plans by type as of September 27, 2009 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
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Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
Whole Foods Market, Inc. Summary Financial Information (In thousands, except per share amounts and operating data)
The following selected financial data are derived from the Companys consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
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Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Overview
General
Whole Foods Market, Inc. is the leading natural and organic foods supermarket and Americas first national Certified Organic grocer. Our Company mission is to promote vitality and well-being for all individuals by supplying the highest quality, most wholesome foods available. Through our growth, we have had a significant and positive impact on the natural and organic foods movement throughout the United States, helping lead the industry to nationwide acceptance. We opened our first store in Texas in 1980 and, as of September 27, 2009, we operated 284 stores: 273 stores in 38 U.S. states and the District of Columbia; six stores in Canada; and five stores in the United Kingdom. We have one operating segment, natural and organic foods supermarkets.
Our results of operations have been and may continue to be materially affected by the timing and number of new store openings. Stores typically open within 24 months after entering the store development pipeline. New stores generally become profitable during their first year of operation; although some new stores may incur operating losses for the first several years of operation. The Company historically has experienced lower average weekly sales in the fourth quarter, which typically results in lower gross profit and higher direct store expenses as a percentage of sales.
Sales of a store are deemed to be comparable commencing in the fifty-third full week after the store was opened or acquired. Stores acquired in purchase acquisitions entered the comparable store sales base effective the fifty-third full week following the date of the merger. Identical store sales exclude sales from relocated stores and remodeled stores with expansions of square footage greater than 20% from the comparable calculation to reduce the impact of square footage growth on the comparison. Stores closed for eight or more days are excluded from the comparable and identical store base from the first fiscal week of closure until re-opened for a full fiscal week.
The Company reports its results of operations on a 52- or 53-week fiscal year ending on the last Sunday in September. Fiscal years 2009 and 2008 were 52-week years and fiscal year 2007 was a 53-week year.
Wild Oats Markets Acquisition
Effective August 28, 2007, the Company completed the acquisition of Wild Oats Markets, Inc. (Wild Oats). At the date of acquisition, Wild Oats had 109 stores in 23 states and British Columbia, Canada operating under four banners: Wild Oats Marketplace nationwide, Henrys Farmers Market (Henrys) in Southern California, Sun Harvest in Texas, and Capers Community Market in British Columbia. In connection with the acquisition of Wild Oats, the Company separately entered into an agreement to sell certain assets and liabilities, consisting primarily of fixed assets, inventories and operating leases, related to all 35 Henrys and Sun Harvest stores and a related distribution center. As of September 27, 2009, the Company had 53 continuing Wild Oats stores, substantially all of which had been rebranded as Whole Foods Market stores. Results of operations for fiscal year 2007 include Wild Oats operating results for the period beginning August 28, 2007 through September 30, 2007.
On June 1, 2009, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) approved a settlement agreement resolving its antitrust challenge to the Companys acquisition of Wild Oats Markets, Inc. Under the terms of the agreement, a third-party divestiture trustee was appointed to market for sale until September 8, 2009: leases and related assets for 19 non-operating former Wild Oats stores; leases and related fixed assets (excluding inventory) for 12 operating acquired Wild Oats stores and one operating Whole Foods Market store; and Wild Oats trademarks and other intellectual property associated with the Wild Oats stores. The divestiture period was extended by the FTC until March 8, 2010 for six operating and two non-operating former Wild Oats stores as well as Wild Oats trademarks and other intellectual property associated with the Wild Oats stores. The divestiture period for those eight stores may be extended further only to allow the FTC to approve any previously submitted purchase agreements. The remaining seven operating stores and 17 non-operating stores have been retained by the Company without further obligation to attempt to divest.
Economic and Industry Factors
Food retailing is a large, intensely competitive industry. Our competition varies across the Company and includes but is not limited to local, regional, national and international conventional and specialty supermarkets, natural foods stores, warehouse membership clubs, smaller specialty stores, farmers markets, and restaurants, each of which competes with us on the basis of product selection, quality, customer service, price or a combination of these factors. While growth has slowed from historical levels, natural and organic food is still one of the fastest growing segments of food retailing today.
Whole Foods Market experienced a challenging retail environment beginning in the second half of fiscal year 2008 and continuing in fiscal year 2009 caused primarily by the general economic environment in the United States and decreased consumer confidence. The Company experienced negative comparable and identical store sales for the fiscal year for the first
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time in the Companys history. However, in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2009, our comparable store and identical store sales trends improved for the second quarter in a row and, after five quarters of year-over-year declines, during the first quarter of fiscal year 2010 through November 4, 2009, comparable store and identical store sales were up 1.6% and 0.4%, respectively. Food cost inflation, which we began to experience at increasing levels in fiscal year 2008, began to moderate in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2009, likely having a negative impact on our sales, basket size and price per item.
Outlook for Fiscal Year 2010
The Company is pleased with its sales trends for the first quarter of fiscal year 2010 through November 4, 2009; however, increased price investments could negatively impact our sales going forward, and with no anticipated positive change in the economy over the short term, the Company believes it is reasonable to expect sales results for the fiscal year in line with or slightly better than these quarter-to-date results. For the fiscal year, the Company expects sales growth of 5% to 8%, comparable store sales growth of 1% to 4%, and identical store sales growth of 0% to 3%. The Company expects to open 16 new stores, 10 of which are planned to open in the first half of the fiscal year. While sales comparisons are expected to improve in the first half of the year, the Company anticipates having greater difficulty leveraging expenses due to the cost savings realized in fiscal year 2009. The Company expects to produce cash flows from operations in excess of its capital expenditure requirements on an annual basis.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth the statements of operations data of Whole Foods Market expressed as a percentage of total sales for the fiscal years indicated:
Figures may not sum due to rounding.
Sales
Sales totaled approximately $8.03 billion, $7.95 billion and $6.59 billion in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, representing increases of 1.0%, 20.7% and 17.6% over the previous fiscal years, respectively. Adjusted to reflect a 52-week period in fiscal year 2007, sales in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 increased 23.6% and 15.3% over the prior fiscal years, respectively. Sales for all fiscal years shown reflect increases due to new stores opened and acquired. Comparable store sales decreased approximately 3.1% in fiscal year 2009 and increased approximately 4.9% and 7.1% in fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of September 27, 2009, there were 274 locations in the comparable store base. The number of stores open or acquired 52-weeks or less equaled 15, 20 and 102 at the end of fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The sales increase contributed by stores open or acquired within 52-weeks or less totaled approximately $234.8 million, $236.1 million, and $421.8 million for fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Identical store sales decreased 4.3% in fiscal year 2009 and increased 3.6% and 5.8% in fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively. Identical store sales in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007 exclude from the comparable calculation twelve, seven and six store relocations, respectively, and three remodels with major expansions during portions of each year.
Gross Profit
Gross profit totaled approximately $2.75 billion, $2.71 billion and $2.30 billion in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Gross profit as a percentage of sales was 34.3%, 34.0% and 34.8% in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Net LIFO inventory reserves were reduced by approximately $5.6 million in fiscal year 2009 due to net deflation in product costs compared to net reserve increases of approximately $12.7 million and $6.9 million in fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively. During fiscal year 2009, the Company realized lower cost of goods sold as a result of better purchasing and distribution disciplines as well as improved store-level execution, particularly in terms of shrink control and inventory
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management. Year over year, these improvements more than offset higher occupancy costs as a percentage of sales. Occupancy costs include store rental costs, property taxes, utility costs, repair and maintenance, and property insurance. Additionally, we made strategic and targeted price investments by taking advantage of lower costs in certain areas, such as produce, to pass through great values to our customers. In other areas, for example in cheese and packaged nuts, we implemented new national programs to drive better values for customers without sacrificing gross margin. Factors contributing to the decrease in gross profit as a percentage of sales in fiscal year 2008 compared to the prior fiscal year include the impact of Wild Oats, higher utility costs and property taxes as a percentage of sales and product cost increases greater than the Companys increases in average retail prices. To the extent changes in costs are not reflected in changes in retail prices or changes in retail prices are delayed, our gross profit will be affected. Our gross profit may increase or decrease slightly depending on the mix of sales from new stores or the impact of weather or a host of other factors, including seasonality, competition, inflation or deflation. Relative to existing stores, gross profit margins tend to be lower for new stores and increase as stores mature, reflecting lower shrink as volumes increase, as well as increasing experience levels and operational efficiencies of the store teams.
Direct Store Expenses
Direct store expenses totaled approximately $2.15 billion, $2.11 billion and $1.71 billion in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Direct store expenses as a percentage of sales was approximately 26.7%, 26.5% and 26.0% in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Increased direct store expenses as a percentage of sales in fiscal years 2009 and 2008 reflect higher depreciation and health care costs as a percentage of sales. Direct store expenses as a percentage of sales tends to be higher for new stores and decrease as stores mature, reflecting increasing operational productivity of the store teams.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses totaled approximately $243.7 million, $270.4 million and $217.7 million in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of sales were 3.0%, 3.4% and 3.3% in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The decrease in general and administrative expenses in fiscal year 2009 was primarily due to cost-containment measures implemented at the Companys global and regional offices beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2008. General and administrative expenses for fiscal years 2009 and 2008 include FTC-related legal costs totaling approximately $14.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively.
Pre-opening Expenses
Pre-opening expenses include rent expense incurred during construction of new stores and other costs related to new store openings, including costs associated with hiring and training personnel, supplies and other miscellaneous costs. Rent expense is generally incurred approximately thirteen months prior to a stores opening date. Other pre-opening expenses are incurred primarily in the 30 days prior to a new store opening. The Company opened 15, 20 and 21 new store locations during fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Pre-opening expenses totaled approximately $49.2 million, $55.6 million and $59.3 million in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Pre-opening expenses as a percentage of sales were 0.6%, 0.7% and 0.9% in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Relocation, Store Closure and Lease Termination Costs
Relocation costs consist of moving costs, estimated remaining lease payments, accelerated depreciation costs, related asset impairment, and other costs associated with replaced facilities. Store closure costs consist of estimated remaining net lease payments, accelerated depreciation costs, related asset impairment, and other costs associated with closed facilities. Lease termination costs consist of estimated remaining net lease payments for terminated leases and idle properties and associated asset impairments. The Company relocated or closed 6, 21 and 5 store locations during fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Relocation, store closure and lease termination costs totaled approximately $31.2 million, $36.5 million and $10.9 million in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Relocation, store closure and lease termination costs as a percentage of sales were 0.4%, 0.5% and 0.2% in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Relocation, store closure and lease termination costs for fiscal years 2009 and 2008 include charges totaling approximately $9.5 million and $14.7 million, respectively, to increase store closure reserves for increased estimated net lease obligations for closed stores and approximately $4.4 million and $5.5 million, respectively, in costs related to lease modifications or terminations for stores previously in development. The Company also recorded a charge totaling approximately $4.8 million in fiscal year 2009 to adjust the carrying value of leases and fixed assets to fair value relating to the potential sale of certain operating locations as part of the FTC settlement agreement.
Interest Expense
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized, was approximately $36.9 million, $36.4 million and $4.2 million in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Net interest expense in fiscal years 2009 and 2008 includes interest expense on the $700 million term loan we entered into on August 28, 2007 to finance the acquisition of Wild Oats Markets. The Company had no amounts outstanding and $195 million outstanding on its revolving line of credit at September 27, 2009 and September 28, 2008, respectively.
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Investment and Other Income
Investment and other income includes investment gains and losses, interest income, rental income and other income totaling approximately $3.4 million, $6.7 million and $11.3 million in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The decreases in investment and other income in fiscal years 2009 and 2008 primarily resulted from lower average short-term return rates on investments and lower average investment balances in fiscal year 2008.
Income Taxes
Income taxes resulted in an effective tax rate of approximately 41.5%, 44.5% and 40.0% in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase in our effective tax rate for fiscal year 2008 resulted primarily from the repatriation of cash from the Companys Canadian subsidiary.
Share-Based Payments
Share-based payment expense before income taxes recognized during fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $12.8 million, $10.5 million and $13.2 million, respectively. Share-based payment expense was included in the following line items on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods indicated (in thousands):
The Company intends to keep its broad-based stock option program in place, but also intends to limit the number of shares granted in any one year so that annual earnings per share dilution from share-based payment expense will not exceed 10%. The Company believes this strategy is best aligned with its stakeholder philosophy because it limits future earnings per share dilution from options and at the same time retains the broad-based stock option plan, which the Company believes is important to team member morale, its unique corporate culture and its success.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company had cash and cash equivalents totaling approximately $430.1 million and $30.5 million and restricted cash totaling approximately $71.0 million and $0.6 million at September 27, 2009 and September 28, 2008, respectively. The increase in restricted cash at September 27, 2009 primarily relates to cash invested as collateral to support a portion of our projected workers compensation obligations that were previously collateralized by an outstanding letter of credit.
We generated cash flows from operating activities of approximately $587.7 million, $335.0 million and $391.5 million in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Cash flows from operating activities resulted primarily from our net income plus non-cash expenses and changes in operating working capital.
Net cash used in investing activities was approximately $386.3 million, $372.7 million and $890.4 million for fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. For fiscal year 2007, net cash used in investing activities includes approximately $596.2 million paid for the purchase of Wild Oats. Our principal historical capital requirements have been the funding of the development or acquisition of new stores and acquisition of property and equipment for existing stores. The required cash investment for new stores varies depending on the size of the new store, geographic location, degree of work performed by the landlord and complexity of site development issues. Capital expenditures for fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007 totaled approximately $314.6 million, $529.5 million and $524.5 million, respectively, of which approximately $248.0 million, $357.5 million and $388.8 million, respectively, was for new store development and approximately $66.6 million, $172.0 million and $135.8 million, respectively, was for remodels and other property, plant and equipment expenditures. For fiscal year 2010, the Company expects capital expenditures to be in the range of approximately $350 million to $400 million.
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The following table provides information about the Companys store development activities:
(1) Includes leased properties tendered
The following table provides information about the Companys historical store growth:
(1) Defined as remodels with expansions of square footage greater than 20% completed during the fiscal year.
We are focused on the right sized store for each location and, since announcing in the third quarter of 2007 our intent to decrease the size of several leases in development, we have downsized 14 leases by an average of 12,000 square feet each. We also have terminated 16 leases for stores in development totaling approximately 846,000 square feet, or an average of 53,000 square feet per store. In addition, we are building out a smaller footprint (averaging 15,000 square feet each) at seven locations, two of which opened in fiscal year 2009. We currently operate 12 stores in excess of 65,000 gross square feet and have an additional five stores of that size in development, two of which are relocations.
The Company has opened three stores and closed one store in fiscal year 2010 as of November 4, 2009. The following table provides additional information about the Companys estimated store openings for the remainder of fiscal years 2010 through 2013 based on the Companys current development pipeline. These openings reflect estimated tender dates which are subject to change and do not incorporate any potential new leases, terminations or square footage reductions:
Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $199.5 million, $69.8 million and $494.1 million in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Proceeds from the exercise of stock options by team members are driven by a number of factors, including fluctuations in our stock price, and totaled approximately $4.3 million, $18.0 million and $54.4 million in fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
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During fiscal year 2007, the Company entered into a $700 million, five-year term loan agreement to finance the acquisition of Wild Oats Markets. The loan, which is secured by a pledge of substantially all of the stock in our subsidiaries, bears interest at our option of the alternative base rate (ABR) plus an applicable margin, currently 0.75%, or LIBOR plus an applicable margin, currently 1.75%, based on the Companys Moodys and S&P rating. These applicable margins are currently the maximum allowed under these agreements. The interest period on LIBOR borrowings may range from one to six months at our option. The Company recorded approximately $3.4 million in debt origination fees for the term loan which are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the loan. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2009, as a result of downgrades to our corporate credit ratings and as called for in the loan agreement, the participating banks obtained security interests in certain of the Companys assets to collateralize amounts outstanding under the term loan. The term loan agreement contains certain affirmative covenants including maintenance of certain financial ratios and certain negative covenants including limitations on additional indebtedness and payments as defined in the agreement. No further material restrictive covenants or limitations on additional indebtedness and payments have been imposed as a result of the downgrades to our corporate credit ratings. At September 27, 2009, we were in compliance with all applicable debt covenants.
The Company also has outstanding a $350 million revolving line of credit, which is secured by a pledge of substantially all of the stock in our subsidiaries, that extends to 2012. The credit agreement contains certain affirmative covenants including maintenance of certain financial ratios and certain negative covenants including limitations on additional indebtedness and payments as defined in the agreement. At September 27, 2009, we were in compliance with all applicable debt covenants. All outstanding amounts borrowed under this agreement bear interest at our option of the ABR plus an applicable margin, currently 0.875%, or LIBOR plus an applicable margin, currently 1.875%, based on the Companys Moodys and S&P rating. These applicable margins are currently the maximum allowed under these agreements. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2009, as a result of downgrades to our corporate credit ratings and as called for in the loan agreement, the participating banks obtained security interests in certain of the Companys assets to collateralize amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility. No further material restrictive covenants or limitations on additional indebtedness and payments have been imposed as a result of the downgrades to our corporate credit ratings. Commitment fees on the undrawn amount, reduced by outstanding letters of credit, are payable under this agreement. At September 28, 2008 the Company had $195 million drawn under this agreement. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2009, the Company repaid all amounts outstanding and no amounts were drawn under this agreement at September 27, 2009. The amount available to the Company under the agreement was effectively reduced to $335.2 million and $75.9 million by outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately $14.8 million and $79.1 million at September 27, 2009 and September 28, 2008, respectively.
Interest paid during fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007 totaled approximately $43.7 million, $36.2 million and $4.6 million, respectively. The increase in interest paid in fiscal years 2009 and 2008 is due to interest costs associated with the $700 million term loan. Interest paid in fiscal year 2007 includes interest costs associated with the $700 million term loan agreement for the period from August 28, 2007 through September 30, 2007. The Company expects interest expense, net of investment and other income, to range from approximately $35 million to $40 million in fiscal year 2010.
The Company assumed convertible debentures totaling approximately $115.0 million in the Wild Oats acquisition, of which approximately $94.2 million was paid off during fiscal year 2007 and approximately $21.8 million, which included a related conversion premium totaling approximately $0.9 million, was paid off during fiscal year 2008. Approximately 250 Whole Foods Market zero coupon convertible subordinated debentures were converted at the option of the holders to approximately 6,000 shares of Company common stock during fiscal year 2008. We had outstanding convertible subordinated debentures which had a carrying amount of approximately $2.7 million at September 28, 2008. In fiscal year 2009, the Company redeemed all remaining debentures at a redemption price equal to the issue price plus accrued original issue discount totaling approximately $2.7 million.
On December 2, 2008, the Company issued 425,000 shares of Series A 8% Redeemable, Convertible Exchangeable Participating Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share (Series A Preferred Stock) to affiliates of Leonard Green & Partners, L.P., for approximately $413.1 million, net of approximately $11.9 million in closing and issuance costs. Subsequent to the end of fiscal year 2009, on October 23, 2009 the Company announced its intention to call all 425,000 outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred Stock for redemption in accordance with the terms governing such Series A Preferred Stock. Subject t | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||