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Metal Bulletin  11 hrs ago  Comment 
Congress has increased the 2010 budget to secure high-purity beryllium metal 70 percent to $85 million from $50 million, according to a provision in the recently approved National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA).
Sydney Morning Herald  Nov 4  Comment 
The federal government has cut more than $100 million from the foreign affairs and trade budget.
Reuters  Nov 3  Comment 
Projected U.S. budget deficits are too high and could force up interest rates and crowd out investments unless the country takes action, the White House budget chief said on Tuesday.
CANOE.ca  Nov 3  Comment 
OTTAWA - Parliamentary budget officer Kevin Page says he will recommend his operation of monitoring the government's financial performance be shut down if he does not receive sufficient resources.
FX Street  Nov 3  Comment 
Review Yesterday, PMIs for October were published across the EMEA region. They showed a mixed result. Read our flash comment on October’s PMI. Yesterday, the Latvian government submitted the 2010 budget to parliament. The first vote on the 2010...
Bloomberg  Nov 2  Comment 
(Update1) California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger’s finance director plans to step down after four years of crafting budget proposals for a state battered by the U.S. recession.
Canadian Business  Nov 2  Comment 
OTTAWA - The federal government is playing with fire in living with a large structural deficit at a time of reduced economic potential and an
OilVoice  Nov 2  Comment 
Ithaca Energy Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary Ithaca Energy UK Limited an AIM listed independent oil amp gas company with exploration development and production assets in the UK sector of t
Reuters  Nov 2  Comment 
* Sees investment doubling output by end of 2010 (All figures in U.S. dollars, unless noted)
Sydney Morning Herald  Nov 2  Comment 
The Federal Government has upgraded its economic and fiscal outlook, as the domestic economy proves more resilient that it had expected just six months ago, underlining expectations for a rate rise this week.
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A budget is a spending plan - for the government, a company, a non-profit, or even an individual.

Purpose of having a budget

A budget allows you to put ideas down on paper in terms of the monetary value involved with a project. For businesses and various projects, it also provides a forecast into their financial performance going forward. This way, the actual and forecasted operations can be measured against each other.

Used properly, a budget can identify the amount of money that one would require at a certain point of time in the future. This is useful because allocation of capital eventually ends up having an impact on the direction of the project. Sometimes, realities of the budget force people to rethink plans drastically, even cull certain projects.

Kinds of Budgets

Budgets can be categorized based on their purpose:

  • A Government Budget focuses on summarizing the intended revenues and expenditures of a government for a specific fiscal year. This would include their spending on public welfare, defense, goods and services, etc and the revenue of the government, which comes primarily through taxation.
  • A Corporate Budget is compiled annually and is generally presented as the financial plan of the company. Accuracy in forecasting is a great indicator of how well the management knows the business. Correct predictions generally signify great management and control, whereas wild fluctuations between the forecast and actual budget make investors wary of the stock.
  • Personal Budgets are also called family budgets since they compare the income and expenses for families or individuals. They are subjected to budget constraints that dictate that household spending cannot exceed its assets.
  • Miscellaneous Budgets could include business start up budgets, non-profit budgets and other possible budgets for any project or an event.

Budgets can be classified by their methodology, that is used to come up with the data[1]:

  • Incremental Budgets are those in which the figures are based on real values from previous year and adjusted for the inflationary increase. No estimation is required, since it requires only extrapolation from the values of the last year.
  • Zero-based Budget starts from scratch as every detail is discussed and proposed. Informed estimates are made and no past values are used (in comparison, incremental budgets are based only on past values) This method is more detailed as each line and item gets examined, where any unjustified item would get eradicated.

Another popular way of classifying blogs is by the kinds of budgets used[2]:

  • Operating Budget plans for current costs and future financing methods. This is the most commonly used method of managing revenue and expenses.
  • Capital Budget is similar to an operating budget but details each and every expenditure, right down to purchasing needs of individuals or businesses.

References

  1. Budgeting
  2. What Kinds of Budgets are available
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