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| This article is part of WikiProject Definitions. Consider editing to improve it. View articles referencing this definition. |
Greeks are used in the context of options and derivatives trading to measure the risks of taking a position. There are five greeks, which are delta, gamma, theta, vega, and rho. Each "Greek" measures a different aspect of the risk in an option position, and corresponds to a parameter on which the value of an instrument, or portfolio of financial instruments, is dependent. Interestingly, despite vega not being a Greek letter, it is still considered one of the greeks.
Five key areas of option pricing can be analyzed using the greeks: the effects of the passage of time (theta), the effect of changes in the price of the underlying asset (delta), the effect of changes in the underlying with respect to the rate of change of delta (gamma), the effects of interest rates (rho), and the effects of volatility (vega), .
The greeks are derived from the Black-Scholes formula, which helps calculate a fair market value of an option by incorporating multiple variables such as price of the underlying security, volatility, time value, and strike price.
Neutralizing the effect of each variable usually requires a substantial buying and selling across multiple securities within a portfolio. Due to the high transactions costs involved with such a large volume of trading, many traders only make periodic attempts to rebalance their options portfolios.



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