The oil majors are vertically integrated oil and gas companies involved in all stages of the oil industry - exploration, production, refining, trading, marketing, and, sometimes, transportation.
Of the oil majors, the supermajors are international, and were formed in during the consolidation of the oil industry during the mid-1990s:
In the middle of the 20th century, the world's most powerful oil companies were known as the "Seven Sisters". On March 11th, 2007, the Financial Times named a "New Seven Sisters" (most of which are state-owned):
Companies in the Oil & Gas Majors Industry (12)
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