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Research & Development

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FDA Advisory Committee Recommends Against Approval of Oral Anticoagulant XARELTO® to Reduce the Risk of Secondary Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
PR Newswire  May 23  Comment 
RARITAN, N.J., May 23, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Janssen Research & Development, LLC (Janssen) announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Cardiovascular and Renal Drugs Advisory Committee has voted against the approval of
Janssen Healthcare Innovation Announces Discharge Decision Support System (D2S2) Winner of the Janssen Connected Care Challenge
PR Newswire  May 23  Comment 
SAN DIEGO, May 23, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Janssen Healthcare Innovation, a team within Janssen Research & Development, LLC (Janssen), today announced Discharge Decision Support System (D(2)S(2)) is the winner of the crowdsourcing-inspired Janssen
New Phase 3 Study Results Show Anti-TNF SIMPONI® Induced Clinical Response in Adults With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis
PR Newswire  May 21  Comment 
SAN DIEGO, May 21, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- New study findings presented today show that subcutaneous induction regimens of the anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha therapy SIMPONI® (golimumab) induced clinical response in a majority of patients with
ZYTIGA® (abiraterone acetate) Data to be Presented at 2012 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting
PR Newswire  May 18  Comment 
RARITAN, N.J., May 18, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Data related to ZYTIGA® (abiraterone acetate) clinical studies have been selected for presentation at the 48th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). Additionally, data
Janssen Research & Development Submits Supplemental New Drug Application to U.S. FDA for XARELTO® (rivaroxaban) to Reduce the Risk of Stent Thrombosis in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
PR Newswire  May 9  Comment 
RARITAN, N.J., May 9, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Janssen Research & Development, LLC (Janssen) announced today that it has submitted a supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) seeking approval for the use of
Janssen Research & Development Submits XARELTO® (rivaroxaban) to U.S. FDA for the Treatment and Prevention of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism
PR Newswire  May 2  Comment 
RARITAN, N.J., May 2, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, (Janssen), announced today that it has submitted supplemental New Drug Applications (sNDAs) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) seeking approval for the use of
Janssen Neuroscientists and Colleagues Discuss Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Nature Reviews Article
PR Newswire  Apr 24  Comment 
TITUSVILLE, N.J., April 24, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Janssen Research & Development, LLC announced today the publication of an article that reviews the growing evidence that impaired mitochondrial function may play a major role in mood and psychotic
Janssen Connected Care Challenge Finalists Announced
PR Newswire  Apr 10  Comment 
SAN DIEGO, April 10, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Today Janssen Healthcare Innovation, a team within Janssen Research & Development, LLC., (Janssen), announced the three finalists of the crowdsourcing-inspired Janssen Connected Care Challenge. The three
Alzheimer's Association, New York City Chapter Hosts Free Event Exploring the Role of Genetics in Alzheimer's Disease
PR Newswire  Mar 13  Comment 
NEW YORK, March 13, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- The Alzheimer's Association, New York City Chapter will host a free community event, open to the public, featuring a panel of experts who will explore the role of genetics in Alzheimer's disease. Titled, "The
Study Unblinded: ZYTIGA® (abiraterone acetate) Plus Prednisone for Asymptomatic or Mildly Symptomatic Chemotherapy-Naive Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
PR Newswire  Mar 8  Comment 
RARITAN, N.J., March 8, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Janssen Research & Development, LLC today announced that it has unblinded the Phase 3 study of ZYTIGA® (abiraterone acetate) plus prednisone for the treatment of asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic




more ▼WIKI ANALYSIS
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Michael Mitchell

This is the cost of discovering and developing new products or services that fill market needs, including any labor, raw materials, clinical trials, and other costs incurred during the process.

Research and development (R&D) can be thought of as investments to fuel new products that provide higher margins or increased market share. Research and development expense is common throughout most companies that produce some product or service- companies like Nike (NKE), Procter & Gamble Company (PG), and Pfizer (PFE) all invest heavily in R&D. This metric is oftentimes expressed as a percentage of revenue (R&D/Sales Ratio, calculated by dividing research and development expense by total revenue. R&D as a percentage of revenue is useful to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of R&D expenditures between companies in the same industry.

R&D expenses differ greatly across different industries- the Drug Manufacturers generally have the one of the higher R&D/Sales ratios. For example, Pfizer (PFE)'s R&D totaled to 16.5% of its revenue in 2008. Computer Software and hardware companies like Microsoft (MSFT) and Cisco Systems (CSCO) also have similar R&D/Sales ratios.

There is not a precise metric for how many dollars should be spent on R&D. A general percentage is usually gauged by how fast the market is growing, the number of competitors and how much competitors are spending in relation to each other. [1]

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